Population Class 9 Extra Questions Social Science Geography Chapter 6
Extra Questions for Class 9 Social Science Geography Chapter 6 Population
Population Class 9 Extra Questions Very Short Answer Type Questions
Class 9 Geography Chapter 6 Extra Questions And Answers Question 1.
Only Bangladesh and Japan have higher average population densities than _______ .
Answer:
India
Question 2.
Which country may overtake China by 2045 to become the most populous country in the world?
Answer:
India
Question 3.
The main components of population change are _______ .
Answer:
Birth rate, death rate and migration
Question 4.
Internal migration does not change the population
Answer:
Size
Question 5.
The natural increase of population is the difference between
Answer:
Birth rate and death rate
Question 6.
In India, most migrations have been from _______ .
Answer:
Rural to urban areas
Question 7.
Name two factors that are serious obstacles for economic improvement.
Answer:
Illiteracy and malnutrition
Question 8.
The most significant feature of the Indian population is the size of its
Answer:
Adolescent population
Question 9.
What is the reason responsible for uneven population distribution in India?
Answer:
Variation in topography or relief in different parts of India and variation in climate and rainfall distribution
Question 10.
Which is the most populous country of the world?
Answer:
China
Question 11.
The number of people in different age groups is referred to as _______ .
Answer:
Age composition
Question 12.
When did the National Population Policy come into effect?
Answer:
2000
Question 13.
Birth rate is the number of live birth per thousand persons in :
Answer:
One year
Question 14.
What is the percentage of India’s area in comparison to the world’s total area?
Answer:
2.4 per cent
Question 15.
Name the state having the highest percentage of literacy level.
Answer:
Kerala
Question 16.
Which migration does not change the size of the population?
Answer:
Internal migration
Question 17.
Why is literacy rate low among the females?
Answer:
Due to lack of equal education opportunities.
Question 18.
At the present rate of population growth of India and China, by which year does India likely to overtake China to become the world’s most populous country?
Answer:
2045
Question 19.
What is the overall literacy rate of India as per 2011 Census?
Answer:
73 per cent
Question 20.
Which is the second most populated Union Territory in India?
Answer:
Puducherry
Question 21.
Which state has the lowest literacy rate in India?
Answer:
Bihar
Question 22.
What do you mean by sex ratio?
Answer:
Number of females per thousand males
Question 23.
Kerala has a sex ratio of _______ females per 1000 males.
Answer:
1084
Question 24.
What is literacy rate of females as per 2011 Census?
Answer:
64.6 per cent
Question 25.
What do you mean by census.
Answer:
A census is an official enumeration of population done periodically. In India, census are held regularly every tenth year.
Question 26.
Which age group does working population comprise of in India?
Answer:
Working population is aged between 15-59 years. They are economically productive and biologically reproductive.
Question 27.
What do you mean by density of population?
Answer:
The average number of persons per unit area, such as a square kilometer.
Question 28.
Name five states of India where almost half of India’s population lives.
Answer:
Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Bihar, West Bengal and Andhra Pradesh
Question 29.
Kerala has a sex ratio of 1084 females per 1000 males. What value do you think this ratio given to us? <@31
Answer:
There is gender equality.
Population Class 9 Extra Questions Short Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
Describe the basic factors affecting the population of India.
Answer:
The basic factors affecting the population of India are as under :
- Birth Rate: It is the number of live births per 1,000 individuals of a population per annum. It increases both population size and population density.
- Death or Mortality Rate: It is expressed as the number of death per 1,000 individuals of a population per year. It decreases both population size and population density.
- Migration: Migration is the movement of the people across regions and territories. Migration can be internal or international.
Question 2.
What is meant by population growth and how do you calculate it?
Answer:
Growth of population refers to the change in the number of inhabitants of a country/territory during a specific period or time as an instance, during the last 10 years. Such a change can be expressed in two ways: in terms of absolute numbers and in terms of percentage change per year.
It is obtained by simply subtracting the earlier population from the later population. It is referred to as absolute increase.
Question 3.
Distinguish between Total Population and Average Density of Population.
Answer:
| Total Population | Average Density of Population |
| (i) It is the number of people actually existing in the area. | (i) It is the number of people in a unit area after the distribution of the total population uniformly. |
| (ii) Its unit of measurement is number of people. | (ii) Its unit of measurement is the number of people per unit area. |
| (iii) Its value depends on the number of people only. | (iii) Its value depends on both the number of people as well as the total area. |
Question 4.
What are the push and pull factors of internal migration in India?
Answer:
In India, most migrations have been from rural to urban areas because of the ‘push’ factor in rural areas. These are adverse conditions of poverty and unemployment in the rural areas and the ‘pull’ of the city in terms of increased employment opportunities and better living conditions.
Question 5.
Why do we need high literacy rate in a country? Who is a literate person?
Answer:
Literacy is a very important quality of a population. Only an informed and educated citizen can make intelligent choices and undertake research and development projects.
Low levels of literacy are a serious obstacle for economic improvement.
According to the Census 2011, a person aged 7 years and above, who can read and write with understanding in any language, is treated as literate.
Question 6.
What are the factors that influence the population distribution in India?
Answer:
Factors that influence the population distribution are :
- Type of Climate: Areas having moderate climate have more population than the areas having extreme climatic conditions. Leh and Ladakh in Jammu and Kashmir and western Rajasthan have extreme type of climate. Therefore, these regions have less or sparse population.
- Type of Soil: India’s northern plains and coastal plains are made up of alluvial soil which is very fertile. So, these areas are densely populated. On the other hand, hilly areas and deserts are thinly populated.
- Opportunity for Jobs: The areas which have more opportunities of jobs are thickly populated, whereas areas which do not provide people with job opportunities are sparsely populated. Urban areas are thickly populated because of this factor.
- Religious and Historical Places like Allahabad, Varanasi, Rameshwaram, Agra etc. are also thickly populated. (any three points)
Question 7.
How do you classify occupations?
Answer:
Occupations are, generally, classified as primary, secondary and tertiary activities.
- Primary activities include agriculture, animal husbandry, forestry, fishing, mining, quarrying, etc.
- Secondary activities include manufacturing industry, building and construction work, etc.
- Tertiary activities include transport, communications, commerce, administration and other services.
Question 8.
Write a short note on adolescent population.
Answer:
The most significant feature of the Indian population is the size of its adolescent population. It constitutes one-fifth of the total population of India. Adolescents are generally, grouped in the age-group of 10 to 19 years. They are the most important resource for the future. Nutrition requirements of adolescents are higher than those of a normal child or adult. Poor nutrition can lead to deficiency and stunted growth. But in India, the diet available to adolescents is inadequate in all nutrients. A large number of adolescent girls suffer from anaemia. Their problems have so far not received adequate attention in the process of development. The adolescent girls have to be sensitised to the problems they confront. Their awareness can be improved through the spread of literacy and education among them.
Question 9.
What are the improvements made in the health status of people of India?
Answer:
Health is an important component of population composition, which affects the process of development. Sustained efforts of government programmes have registered significant improvements in the health conditions of the Indian population. Death rates have declined from 25 per 1000 population in 1951 to 7.2 per 1000 in 2011 and life expectancy at birth has increased from 36.7 years in 1951 to 67.9 years in 2012.
The substantial improvement is the result of many factors including improvement in public health, prevention of infectious diseases and application of modern medical practices in diagnosis and treatment of ailments.
Question 10.
Categorize the population of a nation into three broad categories based on age composition.
Answer:
The population of a nation is generally grouped into three broad categories :
- Children (below 15 years): This group is economically unproductive. They need to be provided with food, clothing, education and medical care.
- Working Age (15 to 59 years): They are economically productive and biologically reproductive. This group bears the burden of children and aged people.
- Aged (above 59 years): They can be economically productive through they may have retired.
Question 11.
What are the reasons for the steep rise in the population of India since 1921?
Answer:
After 1921, India’s population has been constantly increasing due to the following reasons:
- Early marriage of men and women.
- Lack of literacy, particularly among females.
- High birth rate and low death rate.
- Lack of proper family planning techniques.
Question 12.
What factors should be considered while studying about population?
Answer:
The following factors should be considered while studying about population :
- Population size and distribution : How many people are there and where are they located?
- Population growth and processes of population change : How has the population grown and changed through time?
- Characteristics or qualities of the population : What are their age, sex composition, literacy levels, occupational structure and health conditions?
Question 13.
What are the measures taken by the NPP 2000 to protect adolescent population?
Answer:
The NPP 2000 identified adolescents as one of the major section of the population that need greater attention :
- The policy puts greater emphasis on other important needs of adolescent including protection from unwanted pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases (STD).
- It called for programmes that aim towards encouraging delayed marriage and child-bearing.
- Education of adolescents about the risks of unprotected sex, making contraceptive services accessible and affordable.
- Providing food supplements, nutritional services, and strengthening legal measures to prevent child marriage.
Question 14.
Write a short note on the density of population of India.
Answer:
Population density is calculated as the number of persons per unit area. India is one of the most densely populated countries of the world.
The population density of India in the year 2011 was 382 persons per sq km. Densities vary from 1,102 persons per sq km in Bihar to only 17 persons per sq km in Arunachal Pradesh.
Rugged terrain and unfavourable climatic conditions are primarily responsible for sparse population in some areas.
The Northern Plains and Kerala in the south have high to very high population densities because of the flat plains with fertile soils and abundant rainfall.
Population Class 9 Extra Questions Long Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
What do you understand sex ratio? What are the reasons for low sex ratio in India?
Answer:
Sex ratio is defined as the number of females per 1000 males in the population. The sex ratio in India is 943 in 2011. It is an important social indicator to measure the extent of equality between males and females in a society at a given time. The sex ratio in India has always remained unfavourable to females. The main reasons behind the low sex ratio in India are :
- Unequal social treatment.
- Discrimination against girl child.
- Low literacy rates and lack of social awareness.
- Evil effects of early marriage and deaths in large numbers during child birth.
- Insufficient attention to care of girls after birth, during adolescent period and during motherhood.
- Poverty leads to preference for male child as they become breadearners. These factors lead to more deaths among females and affects the sex ratio of the country.
Question 2.
Describe the size and distribution of population of India.
Answer:
India’s population as on March 2011 stood at 1,210.6 million, which accounts for 17.5 per cent of the world’s population. These 1.21 billion people are unevenly distributed over our country’s vast area of 3.28 million square km, which accounts for 2.4 per cent of the world’s area.
The 2011 Census data reveal that Uttar Pradesh with a population size of 199 million is the most populous state of India. Uttar Pradesh accounts for about 16 per cent of the country’s population. On the other hand, the Himalayan state of Sikkim has a population of just about 0.6 million and Lakshadweep has only 64,429 people. Almost half of India’s population lives in just five states. These are Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Bihar, West Bengal and Andhra Pradesh. Rajasthan, the biggest state in terms of area, has only 5.5 per cent of the total population of India.
Question 3.
Why is population important for a country?
Answer:
The people are important to develop the economy and the society. The people make and use resources, and are themselves resources with varying quality.
It is the point of reference from which all other elements are observed and from which they derive significance and meaning. ‘Resources’, ‘calamities’ and ‘disasters’ are all meaningful only in relation to human beings.
Their numbers, distribution, growth and characteristics or qualities provide the basic background for understanding and appreciating all aspects of the environment. Human beings are producers and consumers of earth’s resources. Therefore, it is important to know how many people are there in a country, where do they live, how and why their numbers are increasing and what are their characteristics.
Question 4.
What do you know about the occupational structure of population?
Answer:
- The percentage of population that is economically active is an important index of development. The distribution of the population according to different types of occupation is referred to as the occupational structure. An enormous variety of occupations are found in any country. Occupations are, generally, classified as primary, secondary and tertiary.
- Primary; activities include agriculture, animal husbandry, forestry, fishing, mining and quarrying, etc. Secondary; activities include manufacturing industry, building and construction work, etc. Tertiary; activities include transport, communications, commerce, administration and other services.
- The proportion of people working in different activities varies in developed and developing countries. Developed nations have a high proportion of people in secondary, and tertiary activities. Developing countries tend to have a higher proportion of their workforce engaged in primary activities. In India, about 64 per cent of the population is engaged only in agriculture. The proportion of population dependent on secondary and tertiary sectors is about 13 and 20 per cent respectively. There has been an occupational shift in favour of secondary and tertiary sectors because of growing industrialisation and urbanisation in recent times.
Question 5.
What are the three main determinants of the density of population in India?
Answer:
There are several factors responsible for fluctuating the density of population. Out of them, following are the major three factors attributing to variation at large :
(i) Physical Factors: The areas uninhabitable to human beings are responsible for lowering down the density of population thereon, e.g., hot tropical deserts like the Thar Desert of Rajasthan, the tropical rain forests and rugged mountains of north-east India. In these are&s, there is low density of population. Contrary to it, coastal lands, river valleys and fertile soil lands have high density of population, e.g., Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Bihar and West Bengal.
(ii) Human Factors: Human factors include the establishment of manufacturing industries, excavation of mines, etc. These attract the people to come and settle there and thus, the population density of that industrial area spurts, e.g., Delhi, Mumbai, Jharkhand, etc. The density of population is high in these regions because of a number of manufacturing industries established there.
(iii) Cultural Factors: The cultural factor is also responsible for the fluctuation in density of population. We see that low density of population is found in areas where primitive people are engaged in primary activities like pastoral nomadism, food gathering and fishing, etc.