NCERT Solutions for Class 6 English Honeysuckle Prose Chapter 2 How the Dog Found Himself

NCERT Solutions for Class 6 English Chapter 2 How the Dog Found Himself

NCERT Solutions for Class 6 English Chapter 2 How the Dog Found Himself

Working With the Text  (Page21)

Discuss these questions in pairs before you write the answers.

1. Why did the dog feel the need for a master? (1,2)
Ans: The dog was sick and tired of going about alone in search of food. And he did not feel safe. So he decided to have a master.

2. Who did he first choose as his master? Why did he leave that master? (3)
Ans: The dog first chose a wolf as his master. But he found the wolf afraid of the bear. So he left the company of the wolf.

3. Who did he choose next? (3)
Ans: Next, the dog chose a bear as his master, because he was stronger than the Wolf.

4. Why did he serve the Lion for a long time? (4)
Ans: The dog served the Lion for a long time because he had no complaint against him. Secondly, he felt safe and secure. No other wild animal dared to displease him.

5. Who did he finally choose as his master and why? (9, 10)
Ans: The dog finally chose a man as his master. Even the lion was afraid of man. So the dog was convinced that man was the strongest creature on earth.

B.A summary of the story is given below. Fill in the blanks to complete it taking appropriate phrases from the box.                                                        ,

   a dog      stronger than anyone else    the strongest of all         a wolf        the bear
                                    afraid of man                   his own master a lion

This is the story of___________ , who used to be___________ . He decided to find a
master___________ . First he found ______________  , but the wolf was afraid of
_________ . The dog thought that the bear was______________ . After some time the
dog met__________ who seemed the strongest. He stayed with the lion for a long
time. One day he realised that the lion was _________________  . To this day, the dog
remains man’s best friend.
Ans. This is the story of a dog, who used to be his own master. He decided to find a master, stronger than anyone else. First, he found a wolf but the wolf was afraid of the bear. The dog thought that the bear was the strongest of all. After some time the dog met a lion, who seemed the strongest. He stayed with the lion for a long time. One day he realised that the lion was afraid of man. To this day, the dog remains man’s best friend.

Working With Language   (Page-22)

A. Each word in the box given below indicates a large number of… For example, ‘a herd of cows’ refers to many cows. 

Complete each of the following phrases with a suitable word from the box.
NCERT Solutions for Class 6 English Chapter 2 How the Dog Found Himself Working with Language 1
Ans: 1.fleet             5.bundle

2.   bunch              6.  flock

3.brood                7.school

4.herd                   8.pack

B. Make nouns from the words given below by adding – ness or – ity (For some words we need to add just – ty or – y)
NCERT Solutions for Class 6 English Chapter 2 How the Dog Found Himself Working with Language 2

Ans:
NCERT Solutions for Class 6 English Chapter 2 How the Dog Found Himself Working with Language 3

C.Word Search

  • These are twelve words hidden in the table.
  • Six can be found horizontally and the remaining six vertically.
  • All of them are describing words like ‘good’, ‘happy’, etc.
  •  The first letters of the words are given below:

Horizontal: H R F FS G
Vertical: A W S F L Q
NCERT Solutions for Class 6 English Chapter 2 How the Dog Found Himself Working with Language 4
NCERT Solutions for Class 6 English Chapter 2 How the Dog Found Himself Working with Language 5

Ans: Horizontal words:
1. Hasty    2.ready
3. Fierce   4.Frightened
5.strong     6.good
Vertical Words:
1.Angry     2.Worse
3.Surprised     4.Free
5.Loyal       6.Quiet

D. Read the following passage and do the exercises that follow. Then complete the family tree of dogs given on the facing page.

                                  The Dog Family

The dog family is one of the 11 families that make up the Carnivores, a large group of intelligent, flesh-eating, backboned animals. In this group are such varied ani­mals as bears, pandas, racoons, cats, hyenas, and even seal. The dog or canine family has many wild species like wolves, foxes, coyotes, jackals, and wild dogs.
The dog is the only domesticated member of the canine family though now and then someone tames a wolf, fox or coyote as a pet. All members of the dog family are descendants of a wolf-like animal which lived about 15 million years ago. From this distant ancestor, the true dogs gradually developed. But nobody knows the exact ancestor of the modem domestic dog.
Several wild dogs look and behave like domestic dogs. The dingo or wild dog of Australia is one of these. It is possible that the dingo was a tamed dog brought to Australia long ago which then ran wild.
Dogs were the first animals tamed by humans—perhaps 20,000 years ago. Tamed dogs were brought from Asia to the New world 5,000 or more years ago. Dogs were first used for hunting.

1.Find the opposites of these words in the text above.
(i)ancestor________________
(ii)Wild t _ m _
(tii) ancient____________
(iv) near d__________ t
(v) suddenly   gr______________
Ans. (i) descendant (ii) tame               (iii) modem                (iv) distant
(v) gradually.

2.Complete the following sentences.

(i)The dingo is ______________________________________________________ .
(itj Dogs were the______________________________ animals tamed by humans. The other animals tamed by humans are _________________.(Think and name some other such animals.)
(iii)The New World refers to ___________________________________________ .
(iv) Dogs were brought there from________________________________________ .

Ans:
(i)The dingo is a wild dog.
(ii) Dogs were the first animals tamed by humans. The other animals tamed by humans are horses, elephants, cows, donkeys, buffaloes.
(iii) The New World refers to America.
(iv)Dogs were brought there from Asia.

Family tree of Dogs

Carnivores

NCERT Solutions for Class 6 English Chapter 2 How the Dog Found Himself Working with Language 6

Speaking   (Page 26)

Here are some points from a similar story that you might have heard in another language. Dividing the class into two groups try and tell the story in English. One person from each group can speak alternately. Your teacher will help you. As you tell it, one of you may write it down on the board.

                  A Mouse Maiden

  • mouse changed into a girl by a magician …
  • wants to marry the strongest person …
  • asks whether sun or cloud stronger (why?) …
  • but mountain stronger than clouds (how?)…,
  • but mouse stronger than a mountain (how?)…
  • the girl asks many mice, becomes a mouse again.

MORE QUESTIONS SOLVED

I.SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

l. What sort of life did Dogs live a long time ago?
Ans: Dogs were once their own masters. They moved out freely like wolves.

2. Why did the Dog decide to lose his freedom?
Ans: The dog found his life boring and unsafe. He had to look for his food alone. He felt tired. He was also afraid of stronger animals.

4. What major decision did that Dog take?
Ans: That dog decided to become the servant of one who was stronger than anyone on earth. He set out to find such a master.

5. Why did the Dog say goodbye to the Wolf?
Ans: The Dog noticed that the Wolf was afraid of the Bear. So he left the weak master and joined the Bear.

 6. Who was the Bear afraid of?
Ans: The Bear too was frightened when he got the smell of a Lion. He fled swiftly into the deep forest.

7. What was the Dog’s experience with the Lion?
Ans: The Lion was definitely stronger than any other beast in the forest. The Dog felt happy and secure with his new master. But the Lion also showed signs of fear of seeing the man. So he decided to take up service with a man.

8. What does the writer say about the friendship between man and dog?
Ans: Dog is man’s most dependable servant. He has been serving his master most faithfully for ages. He never felt the need to change his master again.

II.LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

1. Why did the dog prefer a strong master to live in the jungle?
Ans: Centuries ago, the wild dog roamed as freely in the forest as wolves. He enjoyed absolute freedom. But he was not quite happy with his way of life. He was sick of his loneliness. He was also afraid of animals stronger than him. He had to look for food himself. So to save himself from hunger and danger of other animals, he decided to have a master stronger than anyone else on earth.

2. Give the list of the animals the Dog agreed to accompany and serve. Why did it reject them all?
Ans: The Dog set out in search of his protector or master. He first met a Wolf but it was afraid of the Bear. The Dog then asked the Bear to be his master. But the Bear fled on seeing a Lion. The Dog agreed to serve the king of the forest, the Lion. But one day the Lion also showed his fear of man. So the’ Dog said good­bye to Lion and accepted man as his master. He is man’s loyal servant till this day.

NCERT SolutionsMathsScienceSocialEnglishHindiSanskritRD Sharma

NCERT Solutions For Class 7 English – Chapter 9: A Tiger in the House

NCERT Solutions For Class 7 English – Chapter 9: A Tiger in the House

NCERT Solutions For Class 7 English – Chapter 9: A Tiger in the House – An Alien Hand Supplementary Reader

Comprehension Check (Page 60)

Question 1:
“He had the distinction of being the only member of the party to have bagged any game.., The phrase in italics means
(i) Grandfather was the most distinguished member of the party.
(ii) Grandfather was, the only spoftsperson in the party.
(iii) Grandfather was the only successful member of the hunting party.
Mark the right answer.
Answer:
(iii) Grandfather was the only successful member of the hunting party.

Question 2:
Complete the following sentences.
(i) Toto climbed up the curtains when_______________________________________
(ii)_____________________________________________________________________________________ :_____________________________ .______________________________________________
_________________________________________________________ , I became one of the tiger’s favourites.
(iii) Timothy had clean habits,_________________________________________________________
Answer:
(i) Timothy lost his temper.
(ii) When I came to live with my Grandfather.
(iii) he would scrub his face with his paws exactly like a cat.

Comprehension Check (Page 64)

Question 1:
Grandmother’s prophecy was that the tiger
(i) would prefer Mahmoud’s bed to sleep in.
(ii) and the cook would disappear together from the house.
(iii) would one day make a meal of Mahmoud.
Mark the right answer.
Answer:
(iii) would one day make a meal of Mahmoud.

Question 2:
When Timothy was about six months old, a change came over him.
The phrase in italics means that
(i) Timothy had grown to his full size.
(ii) Timothy grew more friendly.
(iii) Timothy grew less friendly, in fact more dangerous.
Answer:
(iii) Timothy grew less friendly, in fact more dangerous.

Question 3:
Write “True ’ or ‘False ’ against each of the following statements.
(i) Timothy and Grandfather went to Lucknow in a special compartment.___________.
(ii) The compartment in which Grandfather and Timothy travelled had no other passenger ___________.
(iii) Timothy and Grandfather travelled in a first class compartment._________________.
(iv)All passengers in the compartment thought that Timothy was a well-fed and civilized tiger. _________________.
Answer:
(i) False (ii) True (iii) True (iv) False

Question 4:
Grandfather suggested that Timothy should be put in another cage. The reason was that
(i) the tiger had become very bad tempered.
(ii) a leopard, in the next cage would constantly rush at Timothy.
(iii) the cage was too small for a full grown tiger,
Answer:
(ii) a leopard in the next cage would constantly rush at Timothy.

Question 5:
The tiger was still licking his arm, with increasing relish The phrase in italics sug­gests that Timothy
(i) was good natured.
(ii) recognised an old friend.
(iii) smelt fresh food.
Answer:
(iii) smelt fresh food.

Exercise (Page 65)

Answer the following questions:

Question 1:
Where was the tiger cub hiding when Grandfather found him?
Answer:
The tiger cub was hiding among the intricate roots of a banyan tree in the Terai jungle near Dehra.

Question 2:
(i) What did Toto do to entertain Timothy?
(ii) What did he do when Timothy lost his temper?
Answer:
(i) Toto used to pull Timothy by the tail.
(ii) Toto climbed up the curtain if Timothy lost his temper.

Question 3:
“I became one of the tiger’s favourites.” Who is T in the statement? Why did he think so?
Answer:
T stands for the narrator, Ruskin Bond. He thought so because Timothy would come closer to him, roll over on his feet and pretended to bite his ankles.

Question 4:
Where was Timothy most comfortable during the day? Where was he during the night?
Answer:
During the day, Timothy was most comfortable on the long sofa in the drawing room. He slept at night in the cook’s quarters.

Question 5:
What was Grandmother’s prophecy about the cook? Did it come true?
Answer:
Grandmother’s prophecy was that Timothy would one day kill the cook Mahmoud, and make a meal of him. No, it did not come true.

Question 6:
What made Grandfather decide to transfer Timothy to the zoo?
Answer:
When Timothy was about six months old, he grew less friendly and more dangerous. He chased the cats and ate up hens. He also followed Mahmoud with evil intentions. So Grandfather decided to shift him away to Lucknow zoo.

Question 7:
Why did Grandfather want Timothy to be put in another enclosure?
Answer:
Grandfather saw the leopard in the next cage rushing at and frightening Timothy every now and then. So he suggested the keeper to shift Timothy to some other cage.

Question 8:
What shocked Grandfather in the end?
Answer:
Grandfather was shocked to learn from the keeper that Timothy had died two months ago, and the tiger in the cage was very dangerous.

Discuss the following topics in groups.

Question 1:
Shoot animals with a camera, not with a gun.
Answer:
It is true that you cannot befriend all sorts of wild beasts. But that does not give you a licence to hunt them all for your pleasure. Animals and human beings have been sharing the earth for ages. They share our joys and sorrows. They play a very important part in our existence. But sometimes for our greed we kill them. This attitude destroys nature. Had there sbeen no animals, our life would have been worthless. Here we should not shoot them with gun. We should shoot them with camera to preserve their beauty and charm.

Question 2:
Keeping pets helps us become more loving and tolerant. It also helps us respect life in any form. Do you agree?
Answer:
Yes, man and his pets are our best friends. We often play with pets, and they lick our hands with affection. Keeping pets changes our fear of animals into tolerance. We learn to respect life in every form. We learn the great lesson – Live and let live.

Question 3:
Have you heard of the society for Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (SPCA) ? What do they do?
Answer:
Yes, this organization SPCA is animal friendly. It aims at protecting the animals- even tigers and cobras, from needless cruelty and killing.

MORE QUESTIONS SOLVED

I. SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

Question 1:
How was the tiger cub fed?
Answer:
At first, the tiger cub was brought up totally on bottle milk. Thereafter the milk proved too rich for him. Then he was put on a diet of raw mutton and cod liver oil. Gradually, he was given the diet of pigeons and rabbits.

Question 2:
How was Timothy’s companionship with the puppy?
Answer:
The narrator’s grandfather found a small mongrel puppy. At first, Timothy felt afraid of it. He sprang back if the puppy came near him. He would dash at it rashly but son retreated to a safe place Gradually they became friends. He allowed the puppy to crawl on its back and even rest there.

Question 3:
How was Mahmoud, the cook, attached to the tiger Cub?
Answer:
Mahmoud was cook in the narrator’s house. He used to feed the tiger cub on bottle- milk. The tiger cub slept at night in the cook’s quarters.

Question 4:
When and how did Timothy become unfriendly ?
Answer:
Timothy grew unfriendly when he was about six months old. The narrator took him out for a walk. Timothy tried to stalk a cat or someone’s pet dog. He used to pull out the feathers of the poultry at night.

Question 5:
Why did the narrator’s Grandfather visit Lucknow ?
Answer:
His grandfather visited Lucknow both to meet his relatives there and to call to the zoo. He would see there how Timothy was getting on.

II. LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

Question 1:
What did the narrator’s grandfather see at the zoo?
Answer:
The narrator’s grandfather arrived at the zoo in Lucknow. He went to the cage in which Timothy had been interned. He saw a tiger there. He said ‘Hello Timothy’. Then he put his arm through the bars of the cage. The tiger came to the bars. The narrator’s grandfather put both hands around the tiger’s head. He stroked the tiger’s forehead, tickled his ears and smacked him across the mouth.

Question 2:
What did the Keepers of the zoo reveal to the narrator’s grandfather?
Answer:
The tiger licked grandfather’s hands. A crowd gathered there. A keeper asked grandfather what he was doing. The grandfather told that he had gifted the tiger to the zoo six months ago. The keeper told the grandfather that he had joined the zoo newly. However, he knew that the tiger was was bad tempered. The grandfather wandered about the zoo. He returned to the cage after a little while. Again he stroked and slapped Timothy to bid him good bye. Another keeper recognized grandfather. He revealed that the tiger was not his Timothy. His Timothy had died two months ago.

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NCERT Solutions for Class 6th Social Science History Chapter 6 Kingdoms, Kings and an Early Republic

NCERT Solutions for Class 6th Social Science History Chapter 6 Kingdoms, Kings and an Early Republic

1.  State whether true or false:

  1. ‘Rajas’ who let the ‘ashvamedha’ horse pass through their lands were irwited to the sacrifice.
  2. The charioteer sprinkled sacred water on the king.
  3. Archaeologists have found palaces in the settlements of the ‘janapadas’.
  4. Pots to store grain were made out of Painted Grey Ware.
  5. Many cities in ‘mahajanapadas’ were fortified.

Answer.

  1. True
  2. False
  3. False
  4. True
  5. False.

2.Fill in the chart given below with the terms: hunter-gatherers, farmers, traders, crafts-persons, herders. ‘
NCERT Solutions for Class 6th Social Science History Chapter 6 Kingdoms, Kings and an Early Republic Q2
Ans: Hunter-gatherers, farmers, traders, crafts-persons and herders—all paid taxes.

  1. Farmers—one-sixth of the produce.
  2. Crafts-persons—in the form of labour.
  3. Herders—in the form of animals and animal products.
  4. Traders—taxes on goods brought and sold.
  5. Hunter-gatherers—forest produce.

3. Who were the groups who could not participate in the assemblies of the ‘ganas’?
Ans: These groups of people were not allowed to participate in the assemblies of the ‘ganas’.

  • Women
  • ‘Dasas’
  • ‘Kammakaras’.

4.Why did the ‘rajas’ of ‘mahajanapadas’ build forts?
Ans:

  • The rajas of mahajanapadas built forts to protect their capital city.
  • This means that huge walls of wood, brick or stone were built around them. Forts were probably built because people were afraid of attacks from other kings and needed protection.
  • It is also likely that some rulers wanted to show how rich and powerful they were by building really large, tall and impressive walls around their cities. Also in this way, the land and the people living inside the fortified areas could be controlled more easily by the king.

5. In what ways are present-day elections different from the ways in which rulers were chosen in ‘janapadas’?
Ans:

  1. Present day elections are conducted by election commission. In janapadas we did not have election commission. Some of the rajas were probably chosen by the jana, the people. But around 3,000 years ago, we find some changes taking place in the ways in which rajas were chosen. Some men now became recognised as rajas by performing very big sacrifices.
  2. In present-day elections, all citizens (including women and dasas etc.) participate in election process after 18 years of their age. But in janapadas all free men over the age of 30 were recognized as full citizens. In janapadas women and slaves were not considered equal free citizens.
  3. Appointments for rulers were made through lottery. All those who wanted to be chosen gave in their names and then some were selected through lottery.

6. Find the state in which you live in the political map on page 136. Were there any ‘janapadas’ in your state? If yes, name them. If not, name the janapadas’ that would have been the closest to your state, and mention whether they were to the east, west, north or south.
Ans: The answer depends on the region you live in. Take the help of your teacher and the map given on page 57 in the textbook to prepare your answer. However, a sample answer has been provided (using the state Uttar Pradesh) – The ‘janapadas’ in the present-day Uttar Pradesh—Panchala, Kosala.

7. Find out whether any of the groups mentioned in answer 2 pay taxes today.
Ans: Yes, all of the groups mentioned in answer 2 pay taxes today.

8. Find out whether the groups mentioned in answer 3 have voting rights at present.
Ans: Yes, all the groups (full citizens of a state or country of age 18 or above (including men, women, dasas, kamakaras etc.) have voting rights at present.

I.MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

Choose the correct option to complete the statements given below:

(i) The ‘Ashvamedha’ was the sacrifice of
(a) horse
(b) cow
(c) bull
(d) goat

(ii) Which of these groups of people were not allowed to take part in the rituals after the ‘Ashvamedha’?
(a) ‘Vish’/’Vaishya’
(b) Priests
(c) Women
(d) ‘Shudras’.

(iii) The two words that constitute the word ‘janapada’ mean:
(a) woman and foot
(b) citizens and foot
(c) men and hand
(d) goats and ‘rajas’.

(iv) Which of these was usually fortified?
(a) all cities in ‘mahajanapadas’
(b) all cities in ‘janapadas’
(c) capital cities of ‘mahajanapadas’
(d) the whole ‘mahajanapada’.

(v) One-sixth of the produce was taken as tax from
(a) farmers
(b) hunter-gatherers
(c) crafts-persons
(d) Traders.

(vi) The present name of Raj agriha is
(a) Rajgir
(b) Rajmahal
(c) Rajgaon
(d) Patna.

(vii) Alexander was a ruler who lived in
(a) Slovenia
(b) Greece
(c) Rome
(d) Macedonia.

(viii) At the banks of which river did Alexander’s troops stop?
(a) Indus
(b) Ganga
(c) Narmada
(d) Beas.

(ix) Vajji had its capital city at
(a) Raj agriha
(b) Vaishali
(c) Patna
(d) Magadha.

Answer:
(i)—(a), (ii)—(d), (iii)—(b), (iv)–(c), (v)—(a), (vi)—(a), (vii)—(d), (viii)—(d), (ix)—(b).

III. FILL IN THE BLANKS

Fill in the blanks with appropriate words to complete each sentence:

  1. Some changes took place in the ways of choosing new ‘rajas’ about………………….. years ago.
  2. Purana Qila was a settlement in a ‘janapada’ and is now located in ………………………
  3. Archaeologists have discovered that people in ‘janapadas’ lived in ……………………….
  4. Painted Grey Ware is a type of…………………
  5. The taxes on crops were called ………………
  6. Herders were supposed to pay taxes in the form of…………………….
  7. ‘Kammakara’ was a word used for …………………
  8. A ruler called……….. extended the control of Magadha up to the northwest part of the subcontinent.

Answer.

  1. 3000m
  2. New Delhi
  3. (iii) huts
  4. potteiyr
  5. ‘bhaga’
  6. animals and animal produce
  7. landless agricultural laburers
  8. Mahapadma Nanda.

III.TRUE/FALSE

State whether these sentences are true (‘I’) or false (F).

  1. The sprinkling of sacred water on the king was done by the ‘Shudras’.
  2. The word ‘janapada’ means the land where the ’jana’ has set its foot.
  3. Capital cities were fortified with huge walls of wood, brick, or stone.
  4. The rulers of ‘mahajanapadas’ depended on occasional gifts brought by people,
  5. The rivers Narmada and Brahmaputra flowed through Magadha.
  6. Alexander was the only person who conquered Magadha.
  7. Both the Buddha and Mahavira belonged to ‘ganas’ or ‘sanghas’.

Answer.

  1. F
  2. T
  3. T
  4. F
  5. F
  6. F
  7. T

IV.MATCHING SKILL
Match the items in column A correctly with those given in column B,
NCERT Solutions for Class 6th Social Science History Chapter 6 Kingdoms, Kings and an Early Republic Matching Skills

V.VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

1. Name a ritual used to recognise someone as a ‘raja’.
Ans: ‘Ashvamedha’ was one ritual used to recognise kings.

2. Which category of people was excluded from the rituals?
Ans: The ‘Shudras’ were excluded from rituals,

3. Name two ‘janapadas’ in North India.
Ans: Hastinapura and Atranjikhera.

4. How were cities fortified?
Ans: Cities were fortified by building huge walls of wood, brick or stone around them,

5. For what did rulers need taxes?
Ans: Rulers needed taxes to build huge forts and to maintain big armies,

6. Name tivo rivers that flowed through Magadha.
Ans. Ganga and Son were two rivers that flowed through Magadha.

7. Name some places conquered by Alexander.
Ans: Alexander conquered parts of Egypt and West Asia.

8. Which rulers conquered the last of the ‘ganas’ or ‘sanghas’?
Ans: The Gupta rulers conquered the last of the ‘ganas’ or ‘sanghas’.

VI.SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

1. Write a short note on the ‘Ashvamedha’ ritual
Ans: The ‘Ashvamedha’ (horse sacrifice) was a ritual used to recognise men as ‘rajas’. A horse was left to wander freely. If it wandered into another kingdom and the king of that kingdom stopped it, they had to fight. The ‘raja’ who succeeded in the challenge was recognised as stronger. He would then perform the sacrifice, in which other kings would also come.

2. What were the different roles of different persons in the sacrifice? [V. Imp.]
Ans: The ‘raja’ was the central person in the sacrifice. He was given a special seat, like a throne. His charioteer would tell others tales of the ‘rajas’ exploits. His wives and sons would perform several minor rituals. Other ‘rajas’ would sit and watch. Priests sprinkled sacred water on the king. Ordinary people brought gifts.

3. What is known about the ‘janapadas’ and their people?
Ans: Archaeologists have excavated a number of settlements in ‘janapadas’. They have found that people lived in huts. The people kept cattle as well as other animals. They grew a variety of crops like rice, wheat, barley, pulses, etc. They made earthen pots, some of which were grey in colour and some red.

4. Write a short note on the governance system in ‘ganas’ or ‘sanghas’? [V. Imp.]
Ans: In ‘ganas’ or ‘sanghas’, these were not one but many rulers. Even if there were several men together, each was called a ‘raja’. They performed rituals together. They met in assemblies and took decisions. Women, ‘dasas’ and ‘kammakaras’ were not allowed to participate in these assemblies.

VII.LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

1. What was the important feature of the capital cities of ‘mahajanapadas’? Why were they fortified? How were they fortified?  [V. Imp.]
Ans: Capital cities of ‘mahajanapadas’ were mostly fortified by building huge walls of wood, brick or stone around them. There were various reasons for building forts. They were probably built because people were afraid of attacks from other kings and needed protection.

Some rulers probably built forts to make their cities impressive and to show how rich and powerful they were. Moreover, by making forts, controlling the fortified area became easier for the kings. Buildings forts required a great deal of planning. Hundreds of thousands of brick or stone had to be prepared. An enormous amount of labour and resources were required.

2. What changes took place in agriculture around this time?    [V. Imp.]
Ans: There were two significant changes in agriculture around this time:
(i) Growing use of the iron ploughshares helped in yielding better grain produce. Heavy, clayey soil could be turned over better with an iron ploughshare than with a wooden ploughshare.

(ii) People began transplanting paddy. This meant that instead of scattering seed on the ground, from which plants would sprout, saplings were grown and then planted in the fields. Production developed due to this since many plants survived.

VIII.MAP SKILLS

1. On an outline physical map of India, mark these ‘janapadas’ or ‘mahajanapadas’.
(i) Gandhara                                     (ii) Kuru
(iii) Panchala                                     (iv)    Kosala
(v) Avanti                                           (vi)   Magadha
(vii) Anga                                          (viii)    Vajji.
Ans:
NCERT Solutions for Class 6th Social Science History Chapter 6 Kingdoms, Kings and an Early Republic Map Skills

NCERT SolutionsMathsScienceSocialEnglishHindiSanskritRD Sharma

NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Social Science Geography Chapter 6 Major Landforms of the Earth

NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Social Science Geography Chapter 6 Major Landforms of the Earth

NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Social Science Geography Chapter 6 Major Landforms of the Earth

1. Answer the following questions briefly.
(a) What are the major landforms?
(b) What is the difference between a mountain and a plateau?
(c) What are the different types of mountains?
(d) How are mountains useful to man?
(e) How are plains formed?
(f) Why are the river plains thickly populated?
(g) Why are mountains thinly populated?
Answer:
(a) The major landforms are—mountains, plateaus and plains.

(b) A mountain may have a small summit and a broad base. But a plateau is flat-topped table standing above the surrounding area.
Example of mountain: The Himalayan mountains.
Example of plateau: The Deccan plateau.

(c) Mountains are of three types—

  • Fold mountains
  • Block mountains
  • Volcanic mountains

(d) Mountains are useful to man in a variety of ways:

  • Mountains are storehouse of water which is the basic need of the human beings. Reservoirs are made and the water is harnessed for the use of people. Water is used for irrigation and generation of hydroelectricity.
  • Mountains have a rich variety of flora and fauna.
  • Mountains provide an idyllic site for tourists. They visit the mountains for their scenic beauty.

(e) Plains are generally formed by rivers and their tributaries. The rivers flow down the slopes of mountains and erode them. They carry forward the eroded material. Then they deposit their load consisting of stones, sand and silt along their courses and in their valleys. It is from these deposits that plains are formed.

(f) The river plains are very suitable for human habitation. People get flat land for building houses and for cultivation. The soil of river plains is very fertile. Hence people live here and cultivate land for their living.

(g) Life is very difficult in mountain areas because of harsh climate. It is quite difficult to grow crops, build houses or roads in a mountain. Hence, people do not prefer to live here.

2. Tick the correct answer.
(a) The mountains differ from the hills in terms of
(i) elevation
(ii) slope
(iii)aspect.

(b) Glaciers are found in
(i) the mountains
(ii) the plains
(iii)the plateaus.

(c) The Deccan plateau islocated in
(i) Kenya
(ii) Australia
(iii)India.

(d) The river Yangtze flows in
(i) South America
(ii) Australia
(iii)China.

(e) An important mountain range of Europe is  ‘
(i) the Andes
(ii) the Alps
(iii) the Rockies.

Answer:
(a)-(i), (b)-(i), (c)-(iii), (d)-(iii), (e)-(ii).

3. Fill in the blanks.

  1. A………… is an unbroken flat or a low-level land.
  2. The Himalayas and the Alps are examples of…………………… types of mountains.
  3. ………  areas are rich in mineral deposits.
  4. The………… is a line of mountains.
  5. The ………..  areas are most producting for farming.

Answer:

  1. plain
  2. young fold
  3. Plateau
  4. range
  5. plain.

THINGS TO DO
1. What kind of landforms are found in your state? Based on the reading of this chapter, say how they are of use to the people.
Answer: Plains are found in my state. Plains are generally very fertile. Hence, people can easily engage themselves in farming activities and get high produce. As the land is plain and level, construction of transport network is very easy. Construction of houses is also carried on large scale. Thus, plains provide all facilities for human habitation. Perhaps therefore, thick population is found here.

I. Multiple Choice Questions

Choose the correct option to complete the sentences given below:

(i) It is the mountain range of South America.
(a) The Himalayas              (b) The Alps
(c)The Andes                      (d) The Rockies.

(ii)    Mt. Kilimanjaro is in
(a) Asia                                                      (b)      Africa
(c) South America                                    (d)     North America.

(iii) Which one sport is not popular in the mountains?
(a) Paragliding                                          (b)      Skiing
(c) Hang gliding                                       (d)     Football.

(iv) The Hundru falls is in
(a) Chhotanagpur                                         (b) Calcutta
(c) Ranchi                                                      (d) Chhattisgarh.

(v) The world’s highest plateau is the
(a) Deccan plateau                                        (b) Tibet plateau
(c) Chhotanagpur plateau                             (d) East African plateau.

Answer:  (i)—(c), (ii)-(b), (iii)-(d), (iv)-(a), (v)-(b).

II. Fill in the Blanks
Fill in the blanks with appropriate words to complete each sentence:

  1. Many of the mining areas in the world are located in…………………………..  areas.
  2. The climate of mountains is …………………..
  3. Mountains vary in their ………………..  and shape.
  4. The Ural mountains in ……………..  have rounded features and low elevation.
  5. Volcanic mountains are formed due to ……………………  activities.
  6. The ………….  and terraces are ideal for crop cultivation.
  7. …………  in the Pacific Ocean is an undersea mountain.

NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Social Science Geography Chapter 6 Major Landforms of the Earth Fill in The Blanks
Answer:

  1. plateau
  2. harsh
  3. heights
  4. Russia
  5. volcanic
  6. river basins
  7. Mauna Kea (Hawaii)

III.True/False

State whether these sentences are true (T) or false (F).

  1. A rich variety of flora and fauna is found in the mountains.
  2. The Rope Bridge is in Arunachal Pradesh.
  3. Plateaus are vast stretches of flat land.
  4. Plains are very useful because they are rich in mineral deposits.
  5. As we go higher, the climate becomes hotter.
  6. Mt. Fujiyama in Japan is an example of volcanic mountains.
  7. It is difficult to carry on construction work in plains.

Answer:

  1. True
  2. True
  3. False
  4. False
  5. False
  6. True
  7. False.

IV.Matching Skill

Match the items in column A correctly with those given in column B.
NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Social Science Geography Chapter 6 Major Landforms of the Earth Matching Skills

NCERT Solutions For Class 6 Geography Chapter 6 Very Short Answer Type Questions

1. What is internal process? [V. Imp.]
Answer: It is a type of continuous movement within the earth that lead to the upliftment and sinking of the earth’s surface at several places.

2. What is external process?
Answer:  It is the continuous wearing down and rebuilding of the land surface.

3. What is called, erosion?
Answer:  The wearing away of the earth’s surface is called erosion.

4. What happens when you go higher?
Answer:  The Climate becomes colder.

5. Give examples of young fold mountains.
Answer:  The Himalayan Mountains and the Alps.

6. What are the features of young fold mountains? [V. Imp.]
Answer:  They have rugged relief and high conical peaks.

7. What is special with Mauna Kea (Hawaii) in the Pacific Ocean?
Answer:  It is higher than Mt. Everest being 10,205 metres high.

8. Give an example of block mountains.
Answer:  The Rhine valley and the Vosges mountain in Europe.

9. Give examples of Volcanic mountains.
Answer:  Mt. Kilimanjaro in Africa and Mt. Fujiyama in Japan.

10. Name the plateau which is famous for gold and diamond mining.
Answer: The African plateau.

11. Name some plains of India.
Answer: The Ganga-Brahmaputra plains and the Indo-Gangetic plains.

12. Write some natural calamities.  [V. Imp.]
Answer:  Earthquakes, floods, cyclone, drought, etc.

13. ‘Quite often we use the land in a wasteful manner’. What do gou mean by ‘wasteful manner’?[V. Imp.]
Answer:  Using fertile land for building houses.

Major Landforms Of The Earth Class 6 Geography Chapter 6 Short Answer Type Questions

1. Write a few features of mountains.
Answer:

  1. Mountains are natural elevations of the earth’s surface.
  2. They are higher than the surrounding area.
  3. Some of them are even higher than the clouds.
  4. The climate of mountains is harsh, which makes them less suitable for human habitation.
  5. Mountains have steep slopes. Hence, farming is quite difficult here.

2. What are block mountains?
Answer: Block mountains are created when large areas are broken and displaced vertically. The uplifted blocks are known as horsts and the lowered blocks are known as graben. Examples: The Rhine valley and the Vosges mountain in Europe.

3. How are plateaus useful for man?
Answer: Plateaus are very useful for man because they have rich mineral deposits. Many of the mining areas in the world are located in the plateau regions. For example, the African plateau is famous for gold and diamond mining. The Chhotanagpur plateau in India has huge reserves of iron, coal and manganese. In the plateau regions, one can find several waterfalls. Many plateaus have scenic spots which attract tourist on large scale.

4. What are the features of plateaus?   [Imp.]
Answer: 1.Plateaus are elevated flat lands. It is a flat topped table land standing above the surrounding area.
2. Plateaus have one or more sides with steep slopes.
3. Their height often varies from few hundred metres to several thousand metres.
4. Plateaus may be young or old. The Deccan plateau in India is one of the oldest plateaus.
5. The Tibet plateau is the highest plateau in the world.
6. Plateaus are storehouse of minerals like gold, diamond, iron, coal, etc.

5. What are the features of plains? [V. Imp.]
Answer: 1. Plains are vast stretches of flat land.
2. Some plains are extremely level. Others may be slightly rolling and undulating.
3. Plains are usually fertile regions. They are suitable for cultivation.
4. They are usually thickly populated regions.
5. It is easy to build houses, roads etc. in plains.

NCERT Solutions For Class 6 Geography Chapter 6  Long Answer Type Questions

1. What are the major landforms? Write about them in brief     [V. Imp.]
Answer:  The major landforms are mountains, plateaus and plains.
1.Mountains.They are natural elevation of the earth surface. They are higher than the surrounding area. Some mountains are veiy high. They are even higher than the clouds. Some mountains have permanently frozen rivers of ice known as glaciers. Mountains are generally thinly populated regions because the climate is harsh there. Farming is also not easily possible there. But mountains provide us water. They have a rich variety of flora and fauna.
2.Plateaus.They are usually flat-topped table land and are higher than the surrounding area. Plateaus may be young or old. The Deccan plateau in India is one of the oldest plateaus. Plateaus are very useful for mankind. They have rich deposits of minerals such as diamond, gold, iron, manganese etc. Several water falls can be found in the plateau regions.
3.Plains.They are vast stretches of flat land. They are mostly formed by rivers and their tributaries. Plains are usually fertile lands. Hence, thick population is found there. Construction of transport network is easy. Cultivation is also easy. Plains also provide level land for the construction of houses or buildings. In India, the Indo-Gangetic plains are the regions where one can find great concentration of population.

2. How many types of mountains are there? Write briefly about each of them with help of diagrams.
Answer:  Mountains are of three types—1. Fold Mountains, 2. Block Mountains and 3.Volcanic Mountains.
1.Fold Mountains. The Himalayan Mountains and the Alps are young fold ‘mountains. They have rugged relief and high conical peaks. The Aravali range is India is one of the oldest fold mountain systems in the world. The Appalachians in the North America and the Ural mountains in Russia are vaiy old fold mountains.
NCERT SolutiNCERT Solutions for Class 6 Social Science Geography Chapter 6 Major Landforms of the Earth LAQ Q2ons for Class 6 Social Science Geography Chapter 6 Major Landforms of the Earth LAQ Q2
2.Block Mountains. These are created when large areas are broken and displaced vertically. The Uplifted blocks are known as horsts and the lowered blocks are called graben. The Rhine valley and the Vosges mountains in Europe are examples of such mountain systems.
NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Social Science Geography Chapter 6 Major Landforms of the Earth LAQ Q2.1
3.Volcanic Mountains. They are formed by volcanic activity. Mt. Kilimanjaro in Africa and Mt. Fujiyama in Japan are examples of such mountains.
NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Social Science Geography Chapter 6 Major Landforms of the Earth LAQ Q2.2

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NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Social Science Geography

NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Social Science Geography Chapter 4 Maps

NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Social Science Geography Chapter 4 Maps

NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Social Science Geography Chapter 4 Maps

1. Answer the following questions briefly:
(a) What are the three components of a map?
(b) What are the four cardinal directions?
(c) What do you mean by the term ‘the scale of the map’?
(d) How are maps more helpful than a globe?
(e) Distinguish between a map and a plan.
(f) Which map provides detailed information?
(g) How do symbols help in reading map?

Answers:
(a) The three components of a map are—distance, direction and symbol.
(b) The four cardinal directions are—North, South, East and West.
(c) The term ‘the scale of the map’ means the ratio between the actual distance on the ground and the distance shown on the map.
(d) Maps provide more information than a globe. A globe can be useful when we want to study the earth as a whole. But when we want to study only a part of the earth, as about a country or a state, globe is of little help. In such a situation only maps are useful.
(e) Differences between a map and a plan.
NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Social Science Geography Chapter 4 Maps Q1

(f) Large scale maps provide detailed information because of the following reasons.

  • Large scale maps are drawn on big-sized papers.
  • Maps are of very large size. They have more space to depict more information.

(g) With the use of symbols maps are more informative and easier to read because of the following reasons:

  • The symbols are of the features in true form.
  • Language does not put any problem in understanding the feature.
  • Even the less educated can understand the information easily.

2. Tick the correct answer:

(a) Maps showing the distribution of forests are
(i)   Physical map                (ii)   Thematic map                  (iii)   Political map.

(b) The blue colour is used for showing
(i)   Water bodies                (ii)   Mountains                       (iii)   Plains.

(c) A compass is used
(i) To show symbols     (ii) To find the main direction (iii) To measure distance.

(d) A scale is necessary
(i)   For a map                    (ii)   For a sketch                     (iii)   For symbols.

Answers:
(a)—(ii), (b)-(i), (c)-(ii), (d)-(i).

Things to do
1. Draw a plan of your classroom and show the teacher’s table, blackboard, desks, door and window.
Answer:
Do yourself.

2. Look at the Figure 4.4 and find out:
NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Social Science Geography Chapter 4 Maps Q2
(i) In which direction is the river flowing?
(ii) What kind of road passes by the side of village Dumri?
(iii) On what type of railway line is Sunderpur situated?
(iv) On which side of the railway bridge is police station situated?
(v) On which side of the railway line do the following lie:
(a) Chhatri                                    (b) Church
(c) Pond                                        (d) Mosque
(e) River                                        (f) Post and Telegraph     Office
(g) Graveyard.

Answers:
(i) The river is flowing southward.
(ii) Metalled road.
(iii) Broad gauge.
(iv) North side.
(v)(a) South, (b) South, (c) North, (d) North, (e) South, (f) South, (g) South.

I. Multiple Choice Questions

Choose the correct options to complete the statements given below:

(i) Which one is not a component of map?
(a) Direction (b) Symbol
(c) Scale     (d) Distance.

(ii)………..is the symbol of………………
(a) International boundary                     (b) State boundary
(c) District boundary                         (d) Village boundary.

(iii) Brown colour is used for showing
(a) Water bodies                                (b) Plateaus
(c) Plains                                          (d) Mountains.

(iv) A physical map shows
(a) Natural features of the earth
(b) Different countries and states of the world
(c) Distribution of forests
(d) Both (a) and (b).

(v) Which one is not an intermediate direction?
(a) North-east (NE)                           (b) West
(c) South-west (SW)                           (d) North-West (NW).

Answers:
(i)—(c), (ii)—(a), (iii)—(d), (iv)—(a), (v)—(b).

II. Fill in the Blanks

Fill in the blanks with appropriate words to complete each sentence:

  1. A……….. is used to show large areas like continents or countries on a paper.
  2. A………. is an instrument used to find out main directions.
  3. Maps have a…………. language that can be understood by all.
  4. In a sketch match …………. is not needed.
  5. Maps are more informative than a …………

Answers:

  1. small scale
  2. compass
  3. universal
  4. scale
  5. globe.

III.True/False

State whether these sentences are true (T) or false (F).

  1. A globe is used to study the earth as a whole.
  2. Political maps show natural features of the earth.
  3. A large scale map is used to show large areas like countries on a paper,
  4. There are four intermediate directions.
  5. Large scale maps give less information than small scale maps.

Answers:

  1. True
  2. False
  3. False
  4. True
  5. False

IV. Matching Skill
Match the items in column A correctly with those given in column B.
NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Social Science Geography Chapter 4 Maps Matching Skills

NCERT Solutions For Class 6 Geography Chapter 4  Very Short Answer Type Questions

1. When do you use a globe?
Answer:
We use a globe when we want to study the earth as a whole.

2. What is an atlas?
Answer:
An atlas is a collection of maps.

3. What do physical maps show? (Imp.)
Answer:
Political maps show natural features of the earth such as mountains, plateans, plains, rivers, oceans, etc.

4. What do political maps show?
Answer:
Political maps show cities, towns and villages and different countries and state of the world with their boundaries.

5. What do you mean by a thematic map?   [V. Imp.]
Answer:
A map which gives focus on specific information is known as thematic map. For example, road maps, maps showing distribution of industries, etc.

6. Differentiate between a small scale map and a large scale map. [V. Imp.]
Answer:
(i) A small scale map is used to show large areas like continents or countries on a paper while a large scale map is used to show a small area such as village or town on a paper.
(ii)A large scale map is more informative than a small scale map.

7.What is called the north line?
Answer:
Maps usually contain an arrow marked with the letter ‘N at the upper right hand comer. This arrow shows the north direction and is called the north line.

8. What is a compass?
Answer:
A compass is an instrument used to find out main directions.

9. What are conventional symbols?  [V. Imp.]
Answer:
Some symbols have a fixed meaning and are understood uniformally throughout the world. Such symbols are known as conventional symbols.

10. What colours are used for the following:
(i)mountains
(ii)plains
(iii)plateaus
(iv)water bodies
Answers:
(i) Mountains    —   Brown colour
(ii)Plains —   Green
(iii)Plateaus —   Yellow
(iv)Water bodies —  Blue

11.What is a sketch map?
Answer:
A sketch map is a rough drawing of an area. It is drawn without scale.

12. What is a plan?
Answer:
A plan is a drawing of a small area on a large scale.

Geography NCERT Class 6 Chapter 4 Maps Short Answer Type Questions

1. Differentiate between a small scale map and a large scale map.   [V. Imp.]
Answer:
(i) A small scale map is used to show large areas like continents or countries on a paper while a large scale map is used to show a small area such as village or town on a paper.
(ii)A large scale map is more informative than a small scale map.

2. What are cardinal points and intermediate directions? [Imp.]
Answer:
The four major directions—North, South, East and West are called cardinal points. Beside these major directions we have four intermediate directions—North-east (NE), South-east (SE), South-west (SW) and North-west (NW). The intermediate directions are very helpful in locating any place more accurately.

3.Write a note on ‘compass’.[Imp.]
Answer:
The direction of a place is traced out with the help of a compass. It is an instrument used to find out main directions. Its magnetic needle always points towards north-south direction.
NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Social Science Geography Chapter 4 Maps SAQ Q3

CBSE Class 6 Social Science Solutions Geography Chapter 4 Long Answer Type Questions

1. Define and discuss ‘distance’ as a component of a map.  [V. Imp.]
Answer:
Maps are drawings. They reduce the whole world or a part of it to fit on a sheet of paper. In other words we can say that maps are drawn to reduced scales. But it needs great care while doing this reduction work in order to keep the distance between the real places. It can only be possible when a small distance on paper represents a large distance on the ground. For this purpose a scale is used.

Scale is the ratio between the actual distance on the ground and the distance shown on the map. We can understand this with the help of an example. Suppose, the distance between your coaching centre and your school is 8 km. If you show this 8 km distance by 2 cm on a map. It means, 1 cm on the map will show 4 km on the ground. Thus, the scale of your drawing will be  1 cm = 4 km Scale is very important in any map.

If scale is known, calculation of distance between any two places on a map will be easy. A small scale is used to show large areas on a paper like continents or countries. For example, 10 cm on the map shows 1000 km of the ground. A large scale is used to show a small area like a village or town on paper. For example, 10 cm on the map shows 1000 metres only on the ground.

2. Give an account of ‘direction’ as a major component of a map. [Imp.]
Answer:  Direction is an important component of a map. Most maps contain an arrow marked with the letter ‘N’ at the upper right hand comer. This arrow show the north direction. It is called the north line. After knowing the north direction, other directions, east, west and south can be easily found out.
There are four major directions—North, South, East and West. They are called cardinal points. Besides these, there are four intermediate directions. They are north-east (NE), south-east (SE), south-west (SW) and north-west (NW). Location of any place with more accuracy can be possible with the help of these intermediate directions.
NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Social Science Geography Chapter 4 Maps LAQ Q2

3.Discuss symbols as a major component of a map.     [V. Imp.]
Answer:
Drawing different features such as buildings, roads, etc. in their actual shape and size on a map is perhaps not possible. It is therefore, they are shown by using certain letters, shades, colours, pictures and lines. These are symbols that give a lot of information is a limited space.

With the use of these symbols, maps can be drawn easily and are simple to read. These symbols help us greatly in a situation when we don’t know the language of an area and therefore cannot ask someone for directions. We can collect information from maps with the help of these symbols.

Maps have a universal language, known and understood by all. There is an international agreement regarding the use of these symbols, which are known as conventional symbols.
NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Social Science Geography Chapter 4 Maps LAQ Q3

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NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Social Science Geography