CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Political Science Term 2 Set 2 with Solutions

Students can access the CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Political Science with Solutions and marking scheme Term 2 Set 2 will help students in understanding the difficulty level of the exam.

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Political Science Term 2 Set 2 with Solutions

Time : 2 Hours
Maximum Marks :40

General Instructions :

The question paper has 3 Sections A, B &C.
Section A has 8 questions of 2 marks each. Answer to these questions should be completed within 50 words each.
Section B has 3 questions of 4 marks each. Answer to these questions should be completed within 100 words each. Answer of map question should be attempted accordingly.
Section C has 2 questions of 6 marks each. Answer to these questions should be completed within 170 words each

Section – A
(8 x 2 = 16)

Question 1.
How did the Sino-Indian conflict of 1962 affect the Communist Party of India? ( 2)
OR
“China has emerged as third alternative to world power”. Examine.
Answer:

The Sino-Indian conflict of 1962 affected the Communist Party of India in the following ways:

It created irreconcilable differences between the Communist Party of India (CPI).
The party split in 1964 and the Communist party of India (Marxist) was created.

China has emerged as third alternative to world power as:

China is projected to overtake the US as the world’s largest economy by 2040.
Its economic integration into the region makes it drive of East Asian growth.
Its strength of economy are population, landmass, resources, regional location, political influence, added to its power.

Question 2.
Why did India have to interfere in the conflict between Pakistan and Bangladesh in 19071? ( 2)
Answer:
During the rule of Yahya Khan, the Pakistani suppression led to the large-scale migration of the Bangladeshi population in India. Secondly, India was always in favour of East Pakistan’s demand for its independence. This led to the involvement of India in the affair.

Question 3.
What is ‘cultural homogenisation’? Give one example of cultural homogenisation. (2)
Answer:
Cultural homogenisation is an aspect of cultural globalisation. It refers to the reduction in cultural diversity through the popularization and diffusion of a wide array of cultural symbols like customs, ideas and values. The impact of western culture on the rest of the world is the best example of cultural homogenisation.

Question 4.
Explain the role played by Syndicate in the Congress Party. (2)
Answer:
Syndicate was the group of powerful leaders in the Congress Party.

This group had a decisive say in Indira Gandhi’s first cabinet and on policy formulation and implementation of the government.
After the split in the Congress, the leaders of the Syndicate stayed with the Congress (O) but were defeated in the subsequent general elections.

Question 5.
What was the impact of the Emergency on newspapers and magazines? (2)
Answer:

The government suspended the Freedom of the Press and implemented press censorship.
Electricity to all the major newspaper offices was disconnected on the next day from Emergency and the newspapers were forced to get prior approval for all material to be published.
Many journalists were arrested.

Question 6.
What are the main objectives of BRICS? (2)
Answer:
The main objectives of BRICS are:

To promote peace, security, development and cooperation.
It also aims at contributing significantly to the development of humanity and establishing a more
equitable and fair world.

Question 7.
Describe the political set-up of Nepal. (2)
Answer:

The politics of Nepal functions within the framework of a parliamentary republic with a multi-party system.
Executive power is exercised by the Prime Minister and their cabinet, while legislative power is vested in the Parliament.

Question 8.
Has there been resistance to globalisation in India? ( 2)
Answer:
Yes, resistance to globalisation in India has come from different quarters.
1. There have been left-wing protests to economic liberalisation voiced through political parties as well as through forums like the Indian Social Forum.

2. Resistance to globalisation has also come from the political right taking the form of objecting particularly to various cultural influences – ranging from the availability of foreign television channels provided by cable networks, the celebration of Valentine’s Day and adaptation of western dresses.

Section – B
(3 x 4 = 12)

Question 9.
How has the European Union evolved over time from an economic union to an increasingly political one?
Answer:
The formation of the European Union was aided by the Cold War. It became a forum for the western European states to co-operate on trade and economic issues.

It also laid stress on a common foreign and security policy, co-operation on justice and home affairs and the creation of a common currency.
It has also started to act more like a nation-state.
While the attempts to have a common Constitution for the F.U have failed still it has its flag, anthem, founding date and currency.
It also has some form of a common foreign and security policy in its dealings with other nations. It shows that European Union evolved from an economic union to an increasingly political one.

Question 10.
Explain any two reasons that led to National Jubilation in India after the 1971 war with Pakistan. 4
Answer:
The reasons that led to National Jubilation in India after the 1971 war with Pakistan were:
1. Soon after the 1971 elections, a major crisis broke out in East Pakistan resulting in the formation of Bangladesh. This crisis was followed by the Indo-Pak War of 1971. India had a decisive victory in that war and Pakistani forces were forced to surrender in front of Indian forces.

2. With the independence of Bangladesh, India was seen as a superpower of South Asia who could interfere in the affairs of smaller countries of the region.

Question 11.
In the given outline political map of India, four states have been marked as (A), (B), (C), (D). Identify these states based on the information given below and write their correct names in your answer book along with their respective serial number of the information used and the concerned alphabets as per the format that follows:

(i) The state to which the former Prime Minister V E Singh belonged.
(ii) The state to which the former Prime Minister P V Narshima Rao belonged.
(iii) The state to which former Prime Minister H. D. Deve Gowda belonged.
(iv) The state to which the former Prime Minister A. B. Vajyapee belonged.

Sr. Number of the information used	Alphabet concerned	Name of State
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)

Answer:

Sr. Number of the information used	Alphabet concerned	Name of State
(i)	A	Uttar Pradesh
(ii)	C	Andhra Pradesh
(iii)	B	Karnataka
(iv)	D	Madhya Pradesh

Section – C
[2 x 6 = 12]

Question 12.
How did China rise to be an economic superpower? Assess. (6)
OR
Examine the changing Indo-China relations.
Answer:
China had adopted Soviet model of economy. Despite development, China faced economic crisis as industrial production was not growing fast, international trade was minimal. Under these situations some major policy decisions were taken.

China established relations with the US in 1972.
China proposed four areas of modernisation as agriculture, industry, science and technology in 1973.
The Open Door policy was introduced to generate higher productivity by investment of capital and technology from abroad.
Privatization of agriculture and industry was prioritized from 1982 to 1998.
China set Special Economic Zones to remove trade barriers.
The integration of Chinese economy and inter-dependencies has enabled China to have considerable influence with its trade partners.
The Open Door Policy has stabilised the ASEAN economy.
China’s outward looking for investment and aid policies in Latin America and Africa are projecting China as a global player.

Conflict of 1962 and Post-Cold Era marked a major change in Indo-China relations.
In 1962, border dispute regarding territorial claims in Arunachal Pradesh and in Aksai Chin made India suffer military reverses. This had an impact on relations between both of them.

Till 1976, no progress was seen in the betterment of their relations, but after that, they improved slowly. The change in China’s leadership allowed both countries to improve their relations. Border issues resolution was also started in 1981.

Indo-China Relation After Cold War End of the Cold War marked various changes in the relationship between India and China. Both India and China consider themselves as rising powers in international politics.
After the visit of Rajiv Gandhi in 1988, both governments tried to maintain ‘peace and silence’ on the border.
Agreements regarding cultural exchange and cooperation were signed.

Four border posts were also opened. Trade between India and China grew at 30 per cent per year since 1999. An increase in bilateral trade from $ 338 million in 1992 to more than $ 18 billion in 2006 was seen. India and China are following the same policies in international economic institutions like the World Trade Organisation.
The nuclear tests by India in 1998 created tension between the two, but the process of normalisation was continued. No issues created problems between both the countries, be it Pakistan’s nuclear programme being assisted by China.

Leaders from both countries frequently visit each other’s nation and this way, they are becoming familiar with each other. Through an increase in transportation and communication links and working on common economic interests development of sound relationship has been taking place.

Question 13.
Explain the circumstances that led to the creation of Bangladesh. How did Bangladesh succeed in establishing representative democracy based on the multiparty system? (6)
OR
Assess the negative aspects of India’s relations with Bangladesh.
Answer:
Bangladesh was a part of Pakistan from 1947 to 1971. The people of Bangladesh always resented western Pakistan on its domination and policy of imposing the Urdu language on them. Soon after the independence (1947), protests in Bangladesh started for preserving Bangla culture and language, fair representation in administration and fair share in political power.

Sheikh Mujibur Rahman led the unpopular struggle against West Pakistan and eventually, won all the seats in the election of East Pakistan (now Bangladesh). Mujib soon got arrested on the orders of Yahya Khan. Thousands of people were killed by the Pakistani army resulting in the large-scale migration of these people in India.

Considering about huge refugee problem, India got involved in the issue. India supported the demand for the freedom of Bangladesh and provided them with military and financial aid. This resulted in the war between India and Pakistan in 1971. Pakistani army surrendered to India and the formation of Bangladesh was completed.

Initial political tensions disturbed Bangladesh for achieving democracy. But soon after people’s support and demand for democracy and their protests brought some fruits for them. Ershad, then President of Bangladesh was overthrown by the people and democracy was established in 1991. Since then Bangladesh is a democratic nation.

Relations between India and Bangladesh are based on the moral support given by India during the freedom struggle of Bangladesh. India had to bear the influx of more than 80 lakh refugees. But the rapid change of governments and assassination of Mujib impacted the strong relations between the two.

The governments of India and Bangladesh have had differences over several issues including the sharing of the Ganga and Brahmaputra river waters. The Indian Government has been unhappy with Bangladesh’s denial of illegal immigration to India, its support for anti-Indian Islamic fundamentalists groups.

Bangladesh’s refusal to allow Indian troops to move through its territory to North-eastern India and its decision not to export natural gas to India or allow Myanmar to do so through Bangladeshi territory. Illegal migration of Bangladeshis in the states of India and Islamic fundamentalist groups who are against having good relations with India are also responsible for the sore relations between • India and Bangladesh.