CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Physical Education Term 2 Set 4 with Solutions

Students can access the CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Physical Education with Solutions and marking scheme Term 2 Set 4 will help students in understanding the difficulty level of the exam.

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Physical Education Term 2 Set 4 with Solutions

Time: 2 Hours
Maximum Marks: 35

General Instructions:

• There are three sections in the Question paper namely Section A, Section B and Section C.
• Section A consists of 9 questions amongst which 7 questions have to be attempted; each question carries 2 marks and should have 30-50 words.
• Section B consists of 5 questions amongst which 3 questions have to be attempted; each question carries 3 marks and should have 80-100 words.
• Section C consists of 4 questions amongst which 3 questions have to be attempted; each question carries 4 marks and should have 100-150 words.

Section – A
(14 Marks)

Question 1.
What is diabetes and asthma? (1+1)
Answer:
Diabetes:
Diabetes is a disease that occurs when your blood glucose, also called blood sugar, is too high. Blood glucose is your main source of energy and comes from the food you eat. Insulin, a hormone made by the pancreas, helps glucose from food get into your cells to be used for energy. Sometimes your body doesn’t make enough or any insulin or doesn’t use insulin well. Glucose then stays in your blood and doesn’t reach your cells.

Asthma:
It is a condition in which your airways narrow and swell and may produce extra mucus. This can make breathing difficult and trigger coughing, a whistling sound (wheezing) when you breathe out and shortness of breath. For some people, asthma is a minor nuisance.

Question 2.
Name two methods of strength development. (1+1)
Answer:
Methods to develop strength:
Isotonic: In this exercise, a contracting muscle shortens against a constant load, as when lifting a weight. Isotonic exercise is one method of muscular exercise. Isotonic comes from the Greek word “iso-” is equal + “tonos” tone = maintaining equal (muscle) tone.
Isokinetic: Isokinetic exercise is a type of strength training. It uses specialized exercise machines that produce a constant speed no matter how much effort you expend. These machines control the pace of an exercise by fluctuating resistance throughout your range of motion.

Question 3.
Define motivation and personality. (1+1)
Answer:
Motivation:
It is a process through which an individual is inspired to act in a particular fashion or manner towards a particular direction.
Motivation is the process that initiates, guides, and maintains goal-oriented behaviors. It is what causes you to act, whether it is getting a glass of water to reduce thirst or reading a book to gain knowledge.

Personality:
The word personality is derived from Latin word persona, meaning a mask. In ancient Greece, the actors used to wear masks to hide their identities while portraying their roles in a theatrical play. To an ordinary person, the word personality conveys the meaning of one’s physical appearance, his habits, his ways of dressing, his reputation, his manners and other similar characteristics.  According to Macionis, “It is a constant pattern of thinking, feeling and actions.” According to Ogburn and Nimkoff, “The totality of sentiments, attitudes, ideas, habits, skills and behaviors of an individual is personality.”

Question 4.
What do you understand by disability and disorder? (1+1)
Answer:
A disability is any condition of the body or mind (impairment) that makes it more difficult for the person with the condition to do certain activities (activity limitation) and interact with the world around them (participation restrictions). A disorder could be defined as a set of problems, which result in causing significant difficulty, distress, impairment and/or suffering, in a person’s daily life.

Question 5.
What do you mean by aerobic capacity & anaerobic capacity? (1+1)
Answer:
Aerobic Capacity: The aerobic capacity, or VO2max, is defined as the maximum amount of oxygen that a subject can use per unit of time and body weight.

Anaerobic capacity: It is defined as the maximal amount of adenosine triphosphate resynthesized via anaerobic metabolism (by the whole organism) during a specific mode of short-duration maximal exercise.

Question 6.
Define Locomotor ability. (1+1)
Answer:

• It is the ability to maintain maximum speed for maximum time or distance.
• This ability is significant in only a few sports events such as 100 m, 200 m, 400 m, races, short sprints in track cycling, speed skating, swimming, hockey, football etc.

Question 7.
Write the full form of OCD and ADHD. (1+1)
Answer:

• OCD: Obsessive compulsive disorder
• ADHD: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Question 8.
What is incision and stress fracture? (1+1)
Answer:

1. Incision:
An incision of skin and subcutaneous tissue is a surgical procedure performed in order to drain an abscess. An incision is a cut or a wound produced by cutting with a scalpel.

2. Stress fractures:
These are tiny cracks in a bone most commonly, in the weight-bearing bones of the lower leg and foot. Stress fractures are tiny cracks in a bone.

Question 9.
Define endurance. Name two methods of endurance development. (1+1)
Answer:
Endurance refers to your body’s physical capability to sustain an exercise for an extended period.
Methods of endurance development:

1. Interval training method
2. Fartlek training method

Section – B
(9 Marks)

Question 10.
Enlist Sheldon body types and write in brief about any two. (1+2)
Answer:
Ectomorph, Mesomorph, Endomorph.

1. Ectomorph: They are quite the opposite of endomorph. They have narrow shoulders and hips, thin, narrow face, high forehead, thin, narrow chest and very little body fat. They are self¬conscious, private, introvert, socially anxious, intense, emotionally restrained and thoughtful.

2. Endomorph: The endomorph is physically quite round, with wide hips, narrow shoulders which makes them pear-shaped. Lot of fat is spread across the body. They are sociable, fun- loving, tolerant, even-tempered, good humoured, relaxed and lover of food.

Question 11.
What are the causes of OCD? (1×3)
Answer:
OCD is caused due to genetic and hereditary factors. Chemical, structural and functional abnormalities in the brain are the cause. Distorted beliefs reinforce and maintain symptoms associated with OCD.
Causes:
The cause of obsessive-compulsive disorder isn’t fully understood. Main theories include:

• Biology: OCD may be a result of changes in your body’s own natural chemistry or brain functions.
• Genetics: OCD may have a genetic component, but specific genes have yet to be identified.
•  Learning: Obsessive fears and compulsive behaviors can be learned from watching family members or these are gradually learned over time.

Question 12.
What do you understand by ‘First-Aid’? Discuss briefly about the aims of First-Aid. (1+2)
Answer:
First aid is the emergency care given immediately to an injured person. The purpose of first aid is to minimize injury and future disability. In serious cases, first aid may be necessary to keep the victim alive.

Aims:

The primary goal of first aid is to prevent death or serious injury from worsening. The key aims of first aid can be summarized with the acronym of ‘the three Ps’: Preserve life, The overriding aim of all medical care which includes first aid, is to save lives and minimize the threat of death.

1. The aims of first aid are to preserve life, prevent harm and promote recovery.
2. In first aid, ABC stands for airway, breathing and circulation.
3. The recovery position helps to minimize further injury.
4. CPR stands for cardiopulmonary resuscitation. It helps maintain the flow of oxygenated blood.
5. While doing chest compressions, you may hear cracks. This is normal.

Question 13.
Which asanas are helpful in reducing obesity? Explain the procedure and contraindication of any one asana. (1+1+1)
Answer:
The major asanas to control obesity are Vajrasana, Hastasana, Trikonasana and Ardha Matsyendrasana.
Vajrasana [Thunderbolt Pose]

Procedure:

1. It is done in sitting posture.• Stand on the knees with the lower legs, together and stretched backwards, the two big toes crossing each other.
2.  Lower the body and sit on your heels. Rest your buttocks on the heels and the thighs on the calf muscles.
3. Keep your hands on the knees and keep the head straight.
4. Concentrate on breathing, start inhalation and exhalation.

Benefits:

1. Vajrasana modifies the blood flow in the lower pelvic region. It increases the efficiency of the digestive system.
2. It helps to prevent acidity and ulcers by improving the digestion.
3. It is a good meditative pose for those suffering from sciatica and severe lower back problems.
4. Supta Vajrasana strengthens the muscles in back, neck and chest regions. It expands the chest and is good for lung problems.

Contraindications:

1. Vajrasana should not be practiced by those suffering from severe knee pain.
2. This asana should be avoided by recent surgery patients of legs or waist.
3. If you feel any pain in the ankles dining Vajrasana, release the pose and massage the ankle with the hands

Question 14.
Differentiate between Isometric and Isotonic exercises. (2×2)
Answer:

Isometric	Istotonic
(a) Isometric exercise involves   static muscle contraction against a stationary resistance.	(a) Isotonic exercise involves dynamic movement
(b) It is used only in a few games like gymnastics, weightlifting wrestling etc	(b) Isotonic exercise is most popular and effective type of strength training used in almost all games/sports.
(c) It develops maximum strength.	(c) It develops explosive strength.
(d) Iso-same, metric- length; this is a type of muscle contraction in which muscle remains at same length.	(d) Iso-same, tonic- tension. A type of muscle contraction in which the muscle change the length, either it is shortening or lengthening.

Section – C
(12 Marks)

Question 15.
Explain the techniques of motivation. (54×8)
Answer:
Techniques of Motivation:
Various techniques of motivation are applied on sportspersons which can enable them to achieve the top positions in the field of sports and games. These techniques of motivation are:

1. Having an Innovative Curriculum: Many elementary skills basic to sports development have already developed in most of the children by the time they reach primary school age.

2. Knowing Your Athlete: Each athlete comes from a different background with varied experiences and have different degrees of maturity.

3. Teacher as a Motivator: A teacher or coach who has participated in the sport himself, who is highly skilled and can demonstrate and explain the skill more accurately and can plan the next competition wisely, is a great asset in motivating the athletes.

4. Freedom to Beginners: To motivate young beginners, they should be allowed a greater degree of freedom in their early attempts.

5. Level of Aspiration/Goal Setting: As we know that achieving performance goals is a sign of competence that affects motivation positively, it is necessary to set realistic goals based on one’s own abilities.

6. Identifying Incentive Factors:
If an athlete perceives any particular kind of experience that is available to him in a given sport and he feels that these will be pleasant, enjoyable or satisfying, then he will choose to participate in that game or sport and not any other.

7. Assigning well: Defined Roles Assigning well-defined roles to athletes enhances their perception of self-competence.

8. Create an inspring Environment: The environment should be made comfortable and inspring. Encourage the athlete by giving him all the possible reasons to acheive his goal.

Question 16.
Contusion and Laceration are common sports injuries. Write in detail about the symptoms and management of these injuries. (2+2)
Answer:
Contusion: It is the type of hematoma, which refers to any collection of blood outside of a vessel.

1. Cause:
When a part of the body is struck by enough force to crush underlying muscle fibers and connective tissue without breaking the skin, a contusion may occur. It can be due to a blow from a collision with a player or a piece of equipment or because of a heavy fall. Prevention – All the safety gears to be worn upon while playing (Helmet, anal guards).

2. Treatment: Non-steroidal anti- inflammatory drugs such as Ibuprofen, or other medications for pain relief as prescribed by the doctor. Laceration: The irregular tear-like wounds caused by some blunt trauma.

3. Cause: Mostly, laceration is the result of the skin hitting an adjacent object, or an object hitting the skin with force.

4. Prevention: Proper personal equipment, including eye protection can be helpful in preventing the same.

5. Treatment: Clean the surface of the affected part. Stop bleeding at the earliest by compression bandages.

Question 17.
Explain Fartlek Training method. Write down its advantages. (2+2)
Answer:
Fartlek training involves varying the intensity or speed of your run to improve your fitness and endurance. When you do Fartlek Training, you’re essentially ‘mixing things up’. Fartlek sessions are usually performed for a minimum of 45 minutes and intensity can vary from walking, right up to sprinting. Fartlek is a Swedish term meaning speed play. It is used for development of Endurance and it is blend of continuous training and interval training. Duration:45 min, Heartbeafcl40-150 beats/min.
Advantages:

1. Good aerobic and anaerobic fitness.
2. Flexible in nature.
3. More number of athletes can take part.
4. Easily adapted.
5. No equipment required.
6. Versatile.

Question 18.
Which are the asanas practiced for preventing hypertension? Write in detail about any two of them. (2+2)
Answer:
Blood pressure is the force of blood in the arteries. When this pressure becomes abnormally high then it is called hypertension or high blood pressure. Stress is a major factor that causes hypertension. Yoga can be a very beneficial therapy for controlling blood pressure. The gentle, soothing practice of asanas settles both mind and body and reduces stress which causes hypertension. There are different types of asanas for the treatment of hypertension.
Tadasana [Mountain Pose]:

1. Procedure:

1. This is a standing asana.
2. Stand straight with the feet together.
3. Slowly lift the toes and place them back on the floor.
4. Pull up the kneecaps and squeeze the thighs.
5. Inhale and lift up from the waist.
6. Breathe and hold for 4 to 8 breaths.
7. Exhale and drop the shoulders down. Benefits
8. It improves body posture and reduces flat feet problem.
9. Knees, thighs and ankles become stronger.
10. Buttocks and abdomen get toned.
11. It helps to alleviate sciatica.
12. It also makes spine more agile.
13. It helps to increase height and improve balance.
14. It regulates digestive, nervous and respiratory systems

2. Contraindications:

1. Avoid during headaches.
2. Avoid during insomnia.
3. Avoid during low blood pressure. Pawanmuktasana

3.Procedure:

1. This is done in lying position.
2. Lie flat on the back and keep the legs straight, relax, breathe deeply and regularly.
3. Inhale slowly and lift the legs and bend in the knees. Bring upwards to the chest till the thigh touches to stomach.
4. Hug the knees in place and lock the fingers.
5. Place the nose tip between the knees.
6. Exhale slowly and come back to the original position i.e., Shavasana.
7. This is very beneficial for stomach abs. The results are very impressive.

4. Benefits:

1. It helps to strengthen the back.
2. It massages the abdominal muscles.
3. It helps in digestion.
4. It reduces belly fat.

5. Contraindications:

1. Those who are suffering from high blood pressure, hernia, heart problems, slip disc and ulcer should avoid this is asana.
2. During pregnancy and menstruation, women should avoid this asana