CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 SA2 Social Science Solved 2016 Set 11

1.Why did the Frankfurt Parliament fail to achieve its goal?
Or
Why did America decide to intervene in the Vietnamese Civil War?
2.Which river has been declared as the National Waterway No.l?
3.What is Alternative Voting?
4.What is defection?
5.What are the basic aspects of democracy?
6.With which system is the modern form of money linked?
7.Name two areas that have seen rapid movements because of globalisation.
8.What do you mean by the consumer’s right to seek redressal?
9.How did liberalism give rise to economic nationalism?
Or
Briefly describe the career and achievements of Ho Chi Minh.
10.Explain the reasons for relaunching the Civil Disobedience Movement by Gandhiji.
11.Why did the political leaders differ sharply over the question of a separate electorate?
12.Discuss natural gas as a source of energy.
13.Why have most of the iron and steel plants been set up in the public sector? Give three reasons.
14.Write any three characteristics of the Kandla seaport.
15.What are promotional groups?
16.’Political parties play a major role in democracy’. Justify the statement with three points.
17.Can or should democracy be judged by its outcome? What values do you express from the given statement?
18.Analyse the role of credit for development.
19.How does foreign trade lead to integration of market across countries? Explain with examples.
20.What is the three tier quasi-judicial machinery in India under COPRA?
21.How was the history of development of nationalism in England different from that of the rest of Europe?
Or
How did the battle against French colonial education become a part of the battle against colonialism and for independence in Vietnam?
22.Give a brief description of Gandhiji’s contribution to the Indian freedom struggle.
23.What is geothermal energy? What is its importance and mention the areas of scope of this energy?
24.Discuss the importance of pipelines in India. Name three important networks of pipeline transportation in the country.
25.How far are pressure groups good for democracy?
26.How can democracy be successful in bringing about social harmony?
27.Describe the functions of money.
28.Discuss the functions of WTO.
29.On the outline political map of India locate and label the following:
(i)    Place associated with the Jallianwalla Bagh Tragedy.
(ii)    Place associated with the indigo planters movement.
(iii)    Place associated with cotton mill workers protest.
30.Three features A, B and C are marked on the given political map of India. Identify these features with the help of the following information and write their correct names on the lines marked on the map.
A.    Centre for Woollen Textile
B.    Major oilfield
C.    Iron and Steel Plant
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Answers

1.Why did the Frankfurt Parliament fail to achieve its goal?
Or
Why did America decide to intervene in the Vietnamese Civil War?
Ans.The Frankfurt Parliament failed to achieve its goal because the King of Prussia, Friedrich Wilhelm IV refused to accept the crown.
Or
America decided to intervene in the Vietnamese Civil War because America wanted to check the spread of communism by destroying the communist Vietnamese government.

2.Which river has been declared as the National Waterway No.l?
Ans. The River Ganga has been declared as National Waterway No.l

3.What is Alternative Voting?
Ans. It is a system of voting when the voters are asked to rank the candidates in preferential order.

4.What is defection?
Ans. When a candidate leaves the party from which he won the election and joins the other party for his personal gains it is termed as defection.

5.What are the basic aspects of democracy?
Ans.A formal Constitution and regular elections are the basic aspects of democracy.

6.With which system is the modern form of money linked?
Ans.The modern form of money is linked with the Banking system.

7.Name two areas that have seen rapid movements because of globalisation.
Ans.The two areas that have seen rapid movements because of globalisation are goods, services and movement of people between countries

8.What do you mean by the consumer’s right to seek redressal?
Ans.The Consumer’s right to seek redressal means that the consumer has the right to appeal in the consumer court against unfair trade practices and exploitation. If damage is done to the consumer, he or she has the right to get compensation depending on the degree of damage.

9.How did liberalism give rise to economic nationalism?
Or
Briefly describe the career and achievements of Ho Chi Minh.
Ans.Liberalism advocated freedom of individuals in all spheres.
(i) In post revolutionary period Napoleon introduced a uniform Civil Code, unified administration, abolished vexatious custom duties on goods, standardised weights and measures and introduced uniform currency, in all the areas that came under his control. People, though they belonged to different regions felt like one nation.
(ii)    By encouraging unhindered movement of commercial goods and by removing obstacles to economic exchanges he was able to generate a sense of belonging among people.
(iii)    This was the genesis of economic nationalism which ultimately strengthened national feeling. Network of railways for free movement among various regions and harnessing of economic interests help in national unification. Thus, liberalism is closely related to economic nationalism.
Or
Ho Chi Minh was the greatest leader of Vietnamese struggle for freedom and unification.
(i) Ho Chi Minh became an active member of the Communist International (commintern) and had met Lenin and other communist leaders of Europe. In May 1941, after 30 years of living in Europe, Thailand and China, he returned to Vietnam. After the Japanese defeat, Ho Chi Minh became the President of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam.
(ii) He led the communist party of Vietnam for 40 years, organised its army called Vietcong and struggled to preserve autonomy.
(iii) After the US intervention in Vietnam he supported the NLF with resources and army to fight against the mighty US army. He died on 3rd September in 1969 a few years before the unification of Vietnam. In his honour the Capital city of Saigon is now named as Ho Chi Minh city.

10.Explain the reasons for relaunching the Civil Disobedience Movement by Gandhiji.
Ans.The Civil Disobedience Movement was relaunched in 1932.
After the Civil Disobedience Movement, the Congress was declared illegal and a series of sanctions were imposed to prevent meetings and disobedience.
(i)    Failure of talks in the 2nd Round Table Conference.
(ii)    Country was passing through unrest. There were strikes by railway workers in 1930 and dock workers in 1932. Peasants were facing high taxation and poverty.
(iii)    The Viceroy refused to meet Gandhiji or take any steps to relieve the misery of the people. So Gandhiji relaunched the Civil Disobedience Movement.

11.Why did the political leaders differ sharply over the question of a separate electorate?
Ans.The Indian political leaders differed sharply over the question of a separate electorate because of the
foliowing reasons:
(i)    Some believed that this could slow down the process of integration of the backward classes into the society.
(ii)    Leaders like Muhammad Iqbal restated the importance of a separate electorate for the betterment and safeguard of the interests of the minority community.
(iii)    Dr. B. R. Ambedkar proclaimed that the condition of the depressed classes could only be improved by political empowerment, so a separate electorate was essential.

12.Discuss natural gas as a source of energy.
Ans.Natural gas is an important clean energy resource. It is found both with and without association of petroleum. It is both a source of a energy for industrial and domestic use and raw material for the petrochemical industry. It is today commonly used as a fuel for vehicles . It is environment friendly as it emits low carbon dioxide. It can be rightly called the fuel of the present century.
The Krishna-Godavari basin has a high potential of natural gas. Apart from this, Mumbai High, Gulf of Cambay, Andaman and Nicobar islands are also known for the large reserves. Natural gas is also obtained from the oilfields of India.

13.Why have most of the iron and steel plants been set up in the public sector? Give three reasons.
Ans.Following are the reasons for the setting up of iron and steel plants in the public sector:
(i)    Huge investment is required for setting up and running the industry which may not be possible for the private sector.
(ii)    Huge infrastructural facilities that are pre-requisite necessities like efficient and modern transportation and communication, abundant fuel and power supply, etc. are available in the public sector.
(iii)    Due to fast technical advancement, it calls for continuous upgradation of research and development and technology.
(iv)    It starts production and profit making in the long run, so it may not be suited for the private sector only. Tata steel is in the private sector.

14.Write any three characteristics of the Kandla seaport.
Ans.Following are the characteristics of the Kandla sea port:
(i)    It was the first port developed in Kuchchh soon after the independence of India.
(ii)    It was developed to ease the volume of trade on the Mumbai port after the loss of Karachi port to Pakistan after partition.
(iii)    It handles export and imports of granary and industrial belt across Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan and Gujarat.
(iv)    It is a tidal port.

15.What are promotional groups?
Ans.Public Interest groups are called promotional groups. These groups promote collective good rather than selective good. They represent some common or general interest that needs to be defended. The members of this group may not benefit from it. They may take up activities that benefit them as well as others. Example: Human Right Organisation in Nepal, FEDECOR in Bolivia and BAMCEF are the promotional groups that address the problem of its members but the principle concern is with social justice and equality for the entire society.

16.’Political parties play a major role in democracy’. Justify the statement with three points.
Ans.(i)    Political parties reduce a vast multitude of opinions into a basic stand which they support.
(ii)    Parties loosing elections act as an opposition and voice their views and criticise the government for its failure and wrong policies.
(iii)    Political parties shape public opinion by raising and highlighting issues concerning the general masses. This is usually done through articles in magazines, meetings and rallies.

17.Can or should democracy be judged by its outcome? What values do you express from the given statement?
Ans.(a) Yes, democracy can or should be judged by its outcome because expectations from democracy also function as the criteria forjudging any democratic country.
The most distinctive feature of democracy is that its examination never gets over. As democracy passes one test, it has to undergo yet another one. As people get some benefits of democracy, they ask for more and want to make democracy even better.
(i)    When we ask people about the way democracy functions, they will always come up with more expectations and many complaints.
(ii)    The fact that people are complaining is in itself a testimony to the success of democracy. It shows that people have developed awareness and the ability to expect and to look critically at power holders, the high and the mighty.
Besides, a public expression of dissatisfaction with democracy shows the success of the democratic project.
It transforms people from the status of a subject into that of a citizen. Most individuals today believe that their votes make a difference to the way the government is run and to their own self interest.
All these show that democracy should be judged by its outcome for better prospects.
(b) (i) Unity
(ii) Awareness

18.Analyse the role of credit for development.
Ans.Credit refers to an agreement in which lender supplies the borrowers with money, goods and services in return for the promise of future payment of the money borrowed.
Whether credit will be useful or not depends on the risks in the situation and the support in cases of loss. Credit may play a positive role if a borrower takes loan from the bank for increasing the production of goods and is able to repay the loan within the given time limit. At the same time if the borrower is not able to increase production due to any reason and is unable to repay the loan, the credit may produce a negative impact. The borrower may be trapped in the debt trap.

19.How does foreign trade lead to integration of market across countries? Explain with examples.
Ans.(i) Foreign trade gives an opportunity to producers to sell their goods in other countries as well as compete in the foreign markets.
(ii) For the consumer, the foreign trade has expanded the right to choice. Different goods and services are available to make choice.
(iii) Inflow of modern technology has allowed better and standard goods in the market. Market deficit of particular goods are now flooded with the same goods.
(iv) Foreign trade had made available better and affordable products around the world.
Japanese electronic items imported to India have proved to be a tough competition for less technologically advanced companies. 

20.What is the three tier quasi-judicial machinery in India under COPRA?
Ans.Under COPRA, a three tier quasi-judicial machinery at district, state and national level has been set up for the redressal of consumer disputes.
(i)    The district level consumer courts deal with the cases involving claims upto to X 20 lakhs.
(ii)    The state level consumer courts take the cases involving claims between ? 20 lakhs to ? 1 crore.
(iii)    The national level consumer courts hears the cases involving claims exceeding ^ 1 crore.
(iv)    If the case is dismissed at the district level, the consumer cal appeal in state and then in national level courts.

21.How was the history of development of nationalism in England different from that of the rest of Europe?
Or
How did the battle against French colonial education become a part of the battle against colonialism and for independence in Vietnam?
Ans. In Britain the development of nationalism followed a different pattern from the rest of Europe.
(i)    In Britain emergence of nationalism was not the result of sudden upheaval or revolution.
(ii)    There was no British nation prior to the 18th century. England was inhabited by different ethnic groups such as English, Welsh, Scots or Irish.
(iii)    Though all these ethnic groups had their own cultural and political traditions the English group steadily grew up in power, wealth and importance and extended its influence over others.
(iv)    In 1688, through a bloodless revolution, the English Parliament seized power from monarchy and became the instrument to set up a nation-state with England at its centre.
(v)    By the Act of Union in 1707, Scotland was incorporated in United Kingdom.
Though the Irish Catholics were against a union with England, Ireland was forcibly incorporated into the United Kingdom in 1801.
Thus it is the parliamentary action and not revolution or war that was the instrument through which the United Kingdom was forged into a strong democratic state.
Or
(i)    In 1907, the ‘Tonkin Free School’ was started in Vietnam by the French to modernise the Vietnamese. Besides teaching foreign languages, western ideas, and western styles like short hair cut for the Vietnamese, meant a major break with their own identity. There was silent resistance against this by students and teachers.
(ii)    In 1926, a major protest erupted in ‘Saigon Native School’ when a Vietnamese student sitting in one of the front seats was asked to go to the back of the class. When the movement went out of hand the principal reluctantly agreed to take back the students who were expelled earlier but warned the students against breaking rules.
(iii)    Students fought against colonial government’s efforts to prevent the Vietnamese from qualifying for white collar jobs. They were inspired by the patriotic feelings and by the conviction that it was the duty of the educated to fight for the benefit of the society. By 1920 students were forming various political parties like Party of the Young Annan who published journals to instil patriotism.
(iv)    Schools thus became an important place for political and cultural battles. The French sought to strengthen their rule in Vietnam through control of education. They tried to change the values, norms and perceptions of the people, to make them believe in the superiority of French civilisation and the inferiority of the Vietnamese.
(v)    Vietnamese intellectuals on the other hand feared that Vietnam was losing not just control over territory but its very identity. Its culture and customs were being devalued and the people were developing a master-slave mentality. Thus the battle against French colonial education became a part of a larger battle against colonialism and for independence.

22.Give a brief description of Gandhiji’s contribution to the Indian freedom struggle.
Ans.When Gandhiji returned to India from Africa in January 1915, he started a Satyagraha Movement in various places to seek justice. He administered three experiments with Satyagraha. In 1916, he travelled to Champaran in Bihar to inspire the peasants to struggle against the oppressive plantation system. Further in 1917, he organized Satyagraha to support the peasants of Kheda in Gujarat for the remission of taxes. In 1918, he organized Satyagraha amongst the cotton mill workers of Ahmedabad for increase in wages.
When the British Parliament passed the Rowllat Act in 1919, he launched a nationwide protest.
He was well aware that the Indian masses were not united in the freedom struggle. To strengthen the Hindu-Muslim unity for the cause of Indian independence, he started the Non-Cooperation movement in support of Khilafat as well as Swaraj.
In 1930, he started the famous salt march from his ashram in Sabarmati to the coast of Dandi to openly violate the salt law. This march was aimed to crush the monopoly of the Britishers for the production of salt and increase in its price. During this march thousands joined Gandhiji.
Gandhiji was of the view that without the upliftment of the lower and depressed classes India could not achieve real independence. He did a lot for the upliftment of the depressed classes and called them the ‘Harijans’ or the ‘children of God’. He organized Satyagraha to secure their entry into temples, access public wells, tanks, etc. He himself cleaned the toilets to dignify the work of sweepers.

23.What is geothermal energy? What is its importance and mention the areas of scope of this energy?
Ans.Geothermal energy refers to the heat and electricity produced by using the heat from the interiors of the earth
Geothermal energy exists because the earth grows progressively hotter with increasing depth where the geothermal gradient is high. High temperatures are found at shallow depths. Groundwater in such areas absorbs heat from the rocks and becomes hot. It is so hot that when it rises to the earth’s surface, it turns into steam. This steam is used to drive turbines and generate electricity.
There are several hundred hot springs in India which could be used to generate electricity. It is the eco-friendly source of energy which is free and can last long. India has huge potentials to harness this energy. Two experimental projects have been set up in India to harness geothermal electricity. One is located in the.Parvati Valley near Manikarn in Himachal Pradesh and the other is located in the Puga Valley in Ladakh.

24.Discuss the importance of pipelines in India. Name three important networks of pipeline transportation in the country.
Ans. Pipeline transport network is a new arrival on the transportation map of India. In the past,these were used to transport water to cities and industries. Now, these are used for transporting crude oil, petroleum products and natural gas from oil and natural gas fields to refineries, fertilizer factories and big thermal power plants. Solids can also be transported through a pipeline when converted into a slurry. The inland refineries like Barauni, Mathura, Panipat and gas based fertilizer plants could be thought of only because of pipelines. The Initial cost of laying pipelines is high but subsequent running costs are minimal. It rules out trans-shipment losses or delays.
There are three important networks of pipeline transportation in the country.
(i)    From the oil field in Upper Assam to Kanpur (Uttar Pradesh), via Guwahati, Barauni and Allahabad. It has branches from Barauni to Haldia, via Rajbandh, Rajbandh to Maurigram and Guwahati to Siliguri.
(ii)    From Salaya in Gujarat to Jalandhar in Punjab, via Viramgam, Mathura, Delhi and Sonipat. It has branches to connect Koyali (near Vadodara, Gujarat) Chakshu and other places.
(iii)    Gas pipeline from Hazira in Gujarat connects Jagdishpur in Uttar Pradesh, via Vijaipur in Madhya Pradesh. It has branches to Kota in Rajasthan, Shahajahanpur, Babrala and other places in Uttar Pradesh.

25.How far are pressure groups good for democracy?
Ans.It may appear that it is not healthy for the groups that promote interest of any one section, to have influence in democracy. A democracy must look after the interests of all, not just one section. Also, it may seem that these groups wield power without responsibility. Political parties have to face the people in elections, but these groups are not accountable to the people. Pressure groups and movements may not get their funds and support from the people. Sometimes pressure groups with small public support but lot of money can hijack public discussion in favour of their narrow agenda.
But the pressure groups and movements have deepened democracy. Putting pressure on rulers is notan unhealthy activity in democracy as long as everyone gets this opportunity.
Government can often come under the pressure of rich and powerful group but these public interest groups and movements perform a useful role in countering this undue influence and reminding the government of needs and concerns of ordinary citizens.
Even social interest groups play a valuable role. Where different groups function actively, no single group can achieve dominance over society. If one group brings pressure on the government the other will bring counter pressure, not to make policies in the way the first group desires. The government hears about what people want. This brings rough balance of power and accommodation of conflicting interests.

26.How can democracy be successful in bringing about social harmony?
Ans.No society can fully and permanently resolve conflicts among different groups. But we can certainly learn to respect these differences and we can also evolve mechanisms to negotiate the differences. Democracy is best suited to produce this outcome. Non-democratic regimes often turn a blind eye to or suppress internal social differences. Ability to handle social differences, divisions and conflicts is thus a definite plus point of democratic regimes. But the example of Sri Lanka reminds us that a democracy must fulfill two conditions in order to achieve this outcome: It is necessary to understand that democracy is not simply rule by majority opinion. The majority always needs to work with the minority so that governments function, to represent the general view. Majority and minority opinions are not permanent.
It is also necessary that rule by majority does not become rule by majority community in terms of religion or race or linguistic group, etc. Rule by majority means that in case of every decision or in case of every election, different persons and groups may and can form a majority. Democracy remains democracy only as long as every citizen has a chance of being in majority at some point of time. If someone is barred from being in majority on the basis of birth, then the democratic rule ceases to be accommodative for that person or group.

27.Describe the functions of money.
Ans. (i) Money as the Medium of Exchange -People exchange goods and services through the medium of money.Money acts as a medium of exchange or medium of payments. A person holding money can easily exchange it for any commodity or service that he might want. It acts as an intermediary in the process of exchange.
(ii)    Money as a unit of Account— Money is the measuring rod. Values of all goods and services can be expressed in a single common unit called money.
(iii)    Money as the standard of deferred payments—Money is the link which connects the values of today with those of the future. Loans are taken and repaid in terms of money.
(iv)    Money as a store of value—Money can store value of goods in liquid form. Holding money is equivalent to keeping a reserve of liquid assets because it can be easily converted into other things.
(v)    Liquidity of Money—Money is the most generally accepted commodity, it is also the most liquid of all resources. Possession of money enables one to get hold of almost any commodity in any place and money never locks a buyer.

28.Discuss the functions of WTO.
Ans.Following are the functions of the WTO:
(i)    Administering WTO Trade Agreements: WTO ensures that the agreements are not anti-competitive and does not hamper the interests of the member nations.
(ii)    Handling Trade Disputes: It works towards achieving balance between the two conflicting member nations over differed agreements.
(iii)    Forum for Trade Negotiations: It helps the member countries to arrive at mutual understanding over the trade agreements.
(iv)    Monitoring National Trade Policies: To ensure smooth trade within and outside the country, it seeks to avoid unfair trade practices of the member nation.
(v)    Assistance for Developing Countries: It also provides technical assistance and training to the developing countries so as to bring them into the competitive market and gain maximum profit.

29.On the outline political map of India locate and label the following:
(i)    Place associated with the Jallianwalla Bagh Tragedy.
(ii)    Place associated with the indigo planters movement.
(iii)    Place associated with cotton mill workers protest.
Ans.
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30.Three features A, B and C are marked on the given political map of India. Identify these features with the help of the following information and write their correct names on the lines marked on the map.
A.    Centre for Woollen Textile
B.    Major oilfield
C.    Iron and Steel Plant
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Ans.
cbse-sample-papers-for-class-10-sa2-social-science-solved-2016-set-11-2-q-3jpg_Page1

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