CBSE Class 12 Geography Sample Paper With Solutions Set 14
[Time Allowed : 3 hrs.] [Max. Marks : 70]
Questions 1-7 (1 Mark), 8-13 (3 Marks), 14-20 (5 Marks), 21 and 22 (Map Question-5 Marks each)
Q.1.Name two densely populated regions of the world with more than 200 persons on every sq.km.
Ans. The two densely populated regions of the world are;
(i)The North-Eastern parts of USA
(ii)The North-Western parts of Europe
(iii)South Asia
(iv)South-East and East Asia(any Two)
Q.2. Give two reasons for unfavorable sex ratio in the world.
Ans. The reasons for unfavorable sex ratio in the world are:
(i)Low socio-economic status of females
(ii)Low Literacy
(iii)Female infanticide
(iv)Female foeticide (any two)
Q.3. Enumerate two factors responsible for the slow growth rate of population since 1981.
Ans. The two factors responsible for the slow growth rate of population since 1981 are;
(i)Improved qualitative life of female in society.
(ii)Female literacy and participation of females in economic activities
(iii)Decline in Crude Birth Rate (any two)
Q.4. Explain one reason for Kerala’s highest value in HDI.
Ans. The reasons for Kerala’s highest value in HDI are:
(i)High literacy rate of females.
(ii)Matriarchal family and Public Distribution System (PDS) and health sector.
(iii)High participation of females in economic activities. (any two)
Q.5. What are satellite towns?
Ans. Satellite towns are those towns, which are developed around the metropolitan cities and equipped with the best infrastructure like a metropolitan city. Gurgoan, Noida, New Okhla Industrial Area development and Sonipat, etc are Satellite towns.
Q.6. Mention the two factors which have adversely or negatively influenced Bharmaur tribal region of Himachal Pradesh.
Ans. The negatively influenced Bharmaur tribal regions of Himachal Pradesh are:
(i)Geographical and Political position of the state.
(ii)Slow socio-economic developments as Gaddis are socially and economically backward.
Q.7. Mention any one effect of noise pollution with reference to India.
Ans. The effects of noise pollution are:
(i)The loss of hearing ability
(ii)Deprived concentration
Q.8. “There is a direct dependence of human beings on nature for resources which sustain them”. Justify the statement by giving any three points in the light of environmental determination?
Ans. There is a direct dependence of human beings on nature for resources which sustain them
(i)Environmental determinism focus on the igter-relationship between men and environmental, as men is slave of his environment.
(ii)Environment provides certain forms to human society, his need of food, shelter, dress, life style and settlement patterns, etc.
(iii)The aborginies and ethnic racial groups everywhere in the world are adapted according to environment for sustenance.
Q.9. Find out the reasons for the countries with low Human Development Index value. Give the reasons.
Ans. Most of African continent (expect Yemen) are ranking low Human Development Index value (less than 0.5) and reasons responsible for this are:
(i)Most of these countries are small and suffering from intense political turmoil.
(ii)These countries are having less socio-economic development and civil war is a common phenomena.
(iii)Most of the countries are facing natural disaster like famine and drought and low agriculture production results in hunger and starvation.
Q.10. Explain three problems of slums in India.
Ans. The three problems of slums in India are:
(i)Slums are devoid of the basic amenities lie road, electricity, potable water and sewerage.
(ii)Slums are prone to man hazards (fire etc), because houses are very closely attached.
(iii)The slum dwellers are malnourished; less educated and have low income status.
Q.11.A meaningful life is not just a long one it must be a life with some purpose. Justify this statement with values.
Ans. (i) A meaningful life is not just a long one it must be a life with some purpose though it also means people must be healthy and able to handle their talents and set a landmark for others.
(ii)He must be able to participate in the society and free to achieve their goals.
(iii)The basic goal of meaningful life is to create conditions and live accordingly
Q.12. Explain any three characteristics of clustered rural settlements of India.
Ans.The three characteristics of clustered rural settlements of India are as follows:
(i)The houses in the villages are distinct and separated from the surrounding farms, barns and pastures.
(ii)Such rural settlements may be centered around some common point.
(iii)This settlement forms some recognizable pattern or shape like rectangular, radial or linear.
Q.13.Fifteenth century on wards, the European colonialism began and along with trade of exotic commodities, a new form of trade emerged which was called slave trade. The Portuguese, Dutch Spaniards, and British captured African natives and forcefully transported them to the newly discovered Americas for their labour in the plantations.
Slave trade was a lucrative business for more than two hundred years till it was abolished in Denmark in 1792, Great Britain in 1807 and United States in 1808.
(13.1)”Slavery was a curse”. Justify the statement in your opinion.
(13.2)What kind of value are needed to bring slavery to an end.
Ans. (13.1) Slave trade is accurse and bane in the world. All human beings in this world should live with treated with equality. They should not be discrimination on the basis of colour and sex. It is the duty of human beings to create and provide equal status, and respect their self esteem and one should be bold enough to raise their voices against it locally or globally. .
(13.2)The values which are needed to bring slavery to an end:
(1)Equality
(2)Universal Brotherhood and Fraternity
(3)They should be empowered to make choices with dignity
Q.14. Describe the five salient features of Dairy farming practice in the world.
Ans. Meaning- Dairy farming is the most advanced and efficient type of rearing of milch animals.
(i)Capital: It is the capital-intensive. Animal sheds, storage facilities for fodder and feeding of milching machines add to the cost of dairy farming .Special emphasis is laid on the genetic quality of the livestock, health care and veterinary services, which require huge capital.
(ii)Labour: Dairy farming is labour intensive it involves intense care in feeding and milching, besides mechanized it requires large number of labour force to manage all the activities.
(iii)Employment: There is no off season during the year, unlike crop raising so a large number of skilled and semi skilled labourers got ample employment opportunities in dairy farming.
(iv)Market: Dairy farming mainly practiced near urban and industrial centers, which provide neighborhood market for fresh milk and dairy products.
(v)Major Regions: The main regions of dairy region of dairy farming in the worlds are:
(a)The largest is North-Western Europe
(b)Canada & North -Eastern USA
(c)South-Eastern Australia, New Zealand and Tasmania
Q.15. Classify human settlement of the world into two categories. Mention four characteristics of each Categories.
Ans. The two types of human settlements in the world are :
(i)Compact Settlements.
(ii)Scattered or Dispersed Settlements.
The four characteristics of these settlements are :
Compact Settlements:
(i)In the compact settlement, houses are built in close vicinity to each other.
(ii)It may begin as a small hemlet at the intersection of two footpaths or near water body.
(iii)This type of settlement mainly seen in river valleys and fertile plains.
(iv)The houses are closely spaced and streets are narrow, though socially compact settlement are closely knit.
Scattered or Dispersed Settlements :
(i)The scattered or dispersed settlements found over hills, plateaus and highlands.
(ii)The settlement consist of one or two dwelling unit knitted together in a common bond by cultural features.
(iii)The common cultural features such as temple, churches, market, etc. bind the settlement.
(iv)The scattered or dispersed settlements do not have a specific layout plan,
Q.16. How did Swadeshi movement give a major impetus to the cotton textile industries.
Ans. The Swadeshi movement gave a major impetus to the cotton textile industries: .
•Kawasji Dhaber started first successful cotton textile mill on the modern lines in 1854. Shahpur mill and Calico mill were established in 1858. By 1879-80, there were 58 cotton mills.
•The Swadeshi movement led by Gandhiji gave a major impetus to the textile industries as this movement increase the production and employment opportunities.
•The boycott of British goods were supplemented by the country made cotton goods and the boycott of the foreign goods accelerated the speed of Indian textile industries.
•The development of railway and roadway network are favourable for the expansion and decentralisation of cotton textile industries in India.
•Cotton mill were set up at Coimbatore, Madurai, Bangaluru, Nagpur, Indore, Solapur and Vadodra. Though the country suffered a great setback due to the partition of the country.
Q.17. Describe the main characteristics of our international trade after independence.
Ans. Following are the main characteristics of our international trade after independence :
•It has only increased in volume and value but the changes in its direction have also taken place. We are no longer tied to the one side trade relations with Great Britain and other commonwealth countries as was the position before the attainment of independence.
•We now supply both the raw materials and manufactured goods to foreign countries.
•Our main exports are tea, jute, cotton, iron-ore, coffee and engineering goods etc. We import machinery, mineral oil, long staple, cotton, chemicals, copper, transport equipment paper, newsprint, fertilisers etc.
•We are having increasing trade relations with USA, Canada, Australia, Japan, Russia, Europe and oil producing countries rather than with Great Britain.
•Our exports now enable us to import specialised machinery, oil, certain ores etc., which are in short supply in our country.
Q.18. Describe the five main features of Indira Gandhi Canal Command Area.
Ans. The features of Indira Gandhi Canal Command Area are :
•Indira Gandhi Canal is a gigantic human effort to transform a part of the desert land into a land of prosperity and plenty.
•The command area of the canal is located in the north-western part of the Thar desert of Rajasthan in the districts of Ganganagar, Bikaner, Barmer, Jodhpur, Churu and Jaisalmer.
•The canal originates from Harike barrage near the confluence of Satluj and Beas rivers in Firozpur district of Punjab.
•The canal is 445 km long and its head lies in Hanumangarh of Ganganagar district and lower end lies in Mohangarh tehsil of Jaisalmer district.
•The Indira Gandhi Canal Command Area Development programme was started in 1974.
•The introduction of canal irrigation has increased the net sown area and double cropped
area both by about 33 per cent within a period of about 10 years. (any five)
Q.19. Which is the busiest sea route in the World? Describe four of its characteristics.
Ans. The North-Atlantic sea route is one of the busiest sea routes in the world, as it connects the world’s two most developed regions of the world, the eastern part of Canada and the USA to Western Europe in the East.
The four features of the North-Atlantic sea routes are :
(i)Both the coasts have good port and harbour facilities.
(ii)Foreign trade over this sea route is greater than that of the rest of the world.
(iii)About one-fourth of the world’s foreign trade moves on this route.
(iv)Due to its business it is called the “Big Trunk Route’. It also serves more countries and people than any other route.
Q.20. Describe the main features of hunting and gathering.
Ans. Hunting and gathering are the oldest occupations of human beings. Earlier all humans lived as hunters and gatherers. Man has been hunting and gathering to satisfy his basic needs. Simple tools like spears, bows, arrows were used for hunting materials available locally to fulfil their basic needs of food and shelter.
Hunting is more prominent in temperate areas, whereas gathering is more prominent in the tropical regions. Hunting is mainly done on different scales :
•For Subsistence in polar areas and tropical areas.
•For commercial purposes in temperate areas, e.g., fur bearing animals are hunted in Canada for fur and products are exported. Fishing is done on a large scale off the coast of New Found land, Japan etc, whereas fishing is done for subsistence in the Arctic region.
Gathering from the tropical forests is carried out on three scales :
•Small scale subsistence gathering.
•Commercial gathering for import.
•Organised gathering with primary processing.
In the modern times some gathering is market oriented and has become commercial. Gatherers collect valuable plants such as leaves, barks of tree, and medicinal plants and after simple processing sell the products in the market.
Q.21. On the outline map of the World, four features are shown by A, B, C and D. Identify the features with the help of index and write their correct names against it:
(i)Mega city
(ii)Major Airport
(iii)Major Seaport
(iv)Country having the highest density of population in Asia
(v)Largest country in area in Africa Continent
Ans.(i) Tehran (ii) Chicago (iii) Port Suez (iv) Singapore (v) Sudan
Q.22. On the given outline map of India, locate and label the following with appropriate symbols:
(i)The state having the highest percentage of population under poverty line
(ii)The Software Technology Park in AndhraPradesh
(iii)State having the lowest population
(iv)Metropolitan city of Bihar
(v)State having the highest road density.
Ans.
