AP SSC 10th class General Science 2 Model paper 2015-16 English Medium Set 1
SECTION – I
1. What is meant by excretion ?
2. What is a trophic level ? What does it represent in an ecological pyramid ?
3. The lumen size is bigger in a vein when compared with an artery. Why ?
4. When you are on a field trip, your friend collected a sticky substance oozed out by a plant called gum. What are the plants you observe which give gum ?
5. Write the phenotype and genotype ratios by observing the following matrix.
6. “Plants respond to stimuli”. During a project work on it, from which plants do you collect information and record it ?
SECTION – II
Group – A
7. Define photosynthesis. Write a balanced equation to show the process.
8. The information about blood pressure of your teachers collected by you is given below. Prepare a report on their health problems.
9. What will happen to the potted plant kept near a window in your classroom ?
10. Its very interesting to watch a creeper entwining its tendril to the support, isn’t it ? How do you express your feelings in this situation ?
Group – B
11. What are variations ? How do they help organisms ?
12. Why should we conserve forests and wildlife ?
13. What are the questions you asked the doctor who visited your school to know “the ways of transmission of HIV” ?
14. The mere smell or sight of food stimulates hunger. Describe the process in a flow chart.
SECTION – III
Group – A
15. You have conducted an experiment to show that light is essential for formation of carbohydrates. Answer the questions given below related to the experiment.
a) What apparatus do you use during the conduction of the experiment ?
b) Before conducting the experiment, why do you keep the potted plant in dark place for a week ?
c) What test do you conduct to know the formation of carbohydrates in leaves ?
d) During the test, which part of the leaf turns into blue and which part doesn’t ? Why?
16. Write the differences between photosynthesis and respiration.
17. What is a transport system ? How does it help to an organism ?
18. Suggest any four programmes for prevention of soil pollution in view of avoiding pesticides.
Group – B
19. What procedure did you follow to understand anaerobic respiration in your school laboratory ?
20. Give reasons for the following :
a) If we press our tongue against the palate, we can recognize taste easily.
b) We can’t identify taste when food is very hot.
c) If glucose level falls in blood, we feel hungry.
d) Small intestine is similar to a coiled pipe.
21. Write about the “carbon dating method”, which you discussed with your physical science teacher.
22. Suggest some approaches towards the conservation of forests.
SECTION – IV
23. Draw a neat labelled diagram of the longitudinal section of a human kidney.
24. Draw a neat labelled diagram of the longitudinal section of a flower and label the parts.
Answers
SECTION-I
1. What is meant by excretion ?
A. Excretion is a biological process involved in separation and removal of toxic wastes from our body, which are formed during several metabolic activities.
2. What is a trophic level ? What does it represent in an ecological pyramid ?
A. 1) Trophic level is the feeding position in a food chain.
2) It represents the transfer of energy.
3. The lumen size is bigger in a vein when compared with an artery. Why ?
A. Like arteries, there is no pressure in the blood of veins. So, the lumen size is bigger for free flow of blood in veins. Moreover valves are present in veins.
4. When you are on a field trip, your friend collected a sticky substance oozed out by a plant called gum. What are the plants you observe which give gum ?
A. Acacia, Neem, Drumstick, Eukalyptus and Sapota are the gum yielding plants present in our surroundings.
5. Write the phenotype and genotype ratios by observing the following matrix.
A. Phenotype : 3 : 1
Genotype : 1 : 2 : 1
6. “Plants respond to stimuli”. During a project work on it, from which plants do you collect information and record it ?
A. a) Mymosa Pudica (Touch me not plant)
b) Sunflower
c) Cucumber
d) Bittergourd
SECTION – II
Group – A
7. Define photosynthesis. Write a balanced equation to show the process.
A. 1) Photosynthesis is the process by which plants containing the green pigment chlorophyll, build up complex organic molecules from relatively simple inorganic molecules i.e., C02 and H20 using sunlight as an energy source.
8. The information about blood pressure of your teachers collected by you is given below. Prepare a report on their health problems.
A. The normal blood pressure in man is 120 mm/80 Hg
From the above data, we can conclude the following.
a) Vijay has normal B.P.
b) Uma Devi and Mr. Nageswar are suffering from high blood pressure. They may suffer from symptoms like irritation, fear, tiredness and easily getting anger.
c) Shantha is suffering from low blood pressure. She may have the symptoms like weakness, fainting and dizziness.
9. What will happen to the potted plant kept near a window in your classroom ?
A. 1) The light from the window falls on the plant.
2) So the plant bend towards the light due to phototropism. .
3) More auxins are accumulated on light illuminated side of the stem. So, the cells on that side grow faster.
4) On opposite side cells grow slow to make the stem bend.
10. Its very interesting to watch a creeper entwining its tendril to the support, isn’t it ?
How do you express your feelings in this situation ?
A. 1) It is very interesting thing in plants to observe the movements of tendrils.
2) Tendrils play a vital role to make the plant erect.
3) It is very amazing to see these thin tendrils grow towards a support and wind around them.
4) I am admired to know this type of response to make contact or touch is called thigmotropism.
Group – B
11. What are variations ? How do they help organisms ?
A. 1) Differences in characters within very closely related groups of organisms are called variations.
2) They develop during reproduction in organisms and are passed from parent to offspring through heredity.
3) Beneficial variations are selected by nature in evolution.
4) Variations help to increase the survival chances of the organisms and to adopt to their surroundings.
12. Why should we conserve forests and wildlife ?
A. Wild life and forests should be conserve for the following reasons.
1. Wild life and forests are the measures of Biodiversity of a particular region. By conserving the wild life and forests, we are ensuring that all diverse species in an area survive, breed and flurish.
2. Conservation of forests and wild life is vital for the ecological stability of particular area.
3. Forests are the habilitate for the wild life and they are an important constitute of the various food chains and food webs. Forests are needed for smooth functioning of Biochemical cycles.
4. Forests are necessary for the formation of human and for maintaining soil fertility.
5. Forest pure air protect the earth from green house effect by removing carbon dioxide and converting it into oxygen.
13. What are the questions you asked the doctor who visited your school to know “the ways of transmission of HIV” ?
A. I shall ask the following questions to the doctor.
1). What are the ways of transmission of HIV ?
2). How can we prevent the spread of HIV ?
3). What precautions should we take while doing transfusion of blood ?
4). How does HIV transmit from mother to baby ?
5) Why should we use disposable syrenges ?
14. The mere smell or sight of food stimulates hunger. Describe the process in a flow chart.
SECTION – III
Group – A
15. a) What apparatus do you use during the conduction of the experiment ?
b) Before conducting the experiment, why do you keep the potted plant in dark place for a week ?
c) What test do you conduct to know the formation of carbohydrates in leaves ?
d) During the test, which part of the leaf turns into blue and which part doesn’t ? Why?
A. a) Potted plant, Light screen, Iodine solution, Petridish, Black paper.
b) To destarch the leaves.
c) Iodine Test
d) The part of the leaf exposed to light turn into blue. Unexposed part does not turn into blue.
Reason : Photosynthesis occurs only in the presence of sunlight. The unexposed part does not receive the sunlight.
16. Write the differences between photosynthesis and respiration.
17. What is a transport system ? How does it help to an organism ?
A. The system of transport of materials in the living things is called transport system. Uses of Transport System to an organism are as follows.
1). All nutrients required for tissues are transported.
2). In unicellular organisms, transportation is by means of diffusion, osmosis like simple ways.
3).In higher animals, transport of substances takes place years together. To avoid delay in the process a specialised, speedup transport system is evolved.
4). Oxygen is supplied to the tissues and C02 is removed by transport system.
5). The nitrogenous waste products formed during metabolism are also removed.
6). Harmones are carried to the target organs by this system.
7). Play a vital role in body defence system.
8). Undigested waste materials from the digestive system are also removed by this system.
18. Suggest any four programmes for prevention of soil pollution in view of avoiding pesticides.
A. I would suggest the following programmes for prevention of soil pollution in view of avoiding pesticides.
1) Biological pest control: We use predators to control pests.
2) Introducing parasites : Introducing parasites to kill disease causing insects.
3) Biochemicals usage : Usage of biological pest repellents such as neem oil, tobacco powder, garlic, panchagavya, NPV solutions are other examples for biochemicals.
4) Pheramone Traps : To attract male insects, installing pheramone traps in crop fields.
5) Crop rotation : Growing different crops with different root system will reduce the pests on crops.
Group-B
19. What procedure did you follow to understand anaerobic respiration in your school laboratory ?
A. Aim : To prove that C02 is released during anaerobic respiration.
Apparatus: Thermos flask, splitted corks, thermometer, wash bottle,. glass tubes, liquid paraffin, glucose solution, yeast cells, bicarbonate solution, Janus Green B solution.
Procedure:
1. Heat the glucose solution in a beaker, pour it in a thermos flask.
2) To remove dissolved oxygen from glucose solution by boiling it in thermos flask for a minute and then cooling it without shaking.
3) Now add some yeast to the glucose solution and fix two-holed rubber stopper to the flask.
4) The supply of oxygen from the air can be cut off by pouring a 1cm layer of liquid paraffin on the mixture (Thermos is heat resistant can’t be used for boiling).
5) Insert one end of the thermometer into the thermos flask. See the end of thermometer kept inside the solution.
6) Arrange for any gas produced by the yeast to escape through a wash bottle containing bicarbonate solution or lime water as showh in the figure.
7) Add a few drops of diazine green (Janus Green B) solution to the yeast suspension before you pour liquid paraffin over it.
8) The blue diazine green solution turns pink when oxygen is in short supply around it.
9)Warm the apparatus to about 37° F in order to speed up the test. (If you do experiment in test tube).
10) Keep the apparatus undisturbed for one or two days.
Observations:
1. After two days it can be observed that lime water of the wash bottle turns into milky white precipitate.
2. Increase in temperature noted on yeast cells respire and release energy.
3. Alcohol smell given off from the flask. *
Result: These observations indicate that yeast cells respire anaerobically converting glucose solution into C02, ethyl alcohol and releasing heat energy.
20. a) If we press tongue against the palate, we can recognise taste easily. ‘
A. Reason;
a) 1). When the tongue is pressed against the palate, the food substance is pressed against the opening of the taste bud letting it to reach the taste cells and triggering taste signals.
2) Finally, the taste is recognized in the brain.
b) We can’t identify taste when food is very hot.
A. Reason :
1). Most of the taste buds on the tongue are killed when the food is hot.
2). This prevents the person identifying the taste.
3).The perception of taste decreases when the temperature of the food rises beyond 35°C.
4). But we don’t pay attention to it because we become worried about the burning feeling.
c) If glucose level falls in blood, we feel hungry.
A. Reason :
1. When glucose levels in the blood fall, we get hunger pangs in stomach.
2) Hungry feeling start to occur in the stomach due to hunger generating signals that reach the brain from the stomach due to the secretion of the hormone ‘Ghrelin’.
d) Small intestine is similar to a coiled pipe.
A. Reason:
1) Small intestine is coiled so as to fit in the human body.
2) It is coiled to increase surface area and maximum nutrient absorption when food passes through it.
21. Write about the “carbon dating method”, which you discussed with your physical science teacher.
A. 1) Carbon dating is the method used to calculate the age of rocks, minerals or fossils.
2) The breakdown of radioactive isotopes of certain elements such as carbon, uranium and potassium takes place at a known rate. So the age of rock or mineral containing isotopes can be calculated.
3) Archaeologists use the exponential, radioactive decay of carbon 14 to estimate the death dates of organic material.
4) The earth’s atmosphere contains various isotopes of carbon, roughly in constant proportions.
5) These include the main stable isotope 12C and an unstable isotope 14C
6)Through photosynthesis, plants absorb both forms from carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
7) When an organism dies, it contains the standard ratio of 14C to12C
8) But as the 14C decays with no possibility of replenishment, the proportion of carbon 14 decreases at a known constant rate.
9) The time taken for it to reduce by half is known as the half-life of 14C, which is 5730.
10)The measurement of the remaining proportion of 14C in organic matter thus gives an estimation of its age.
11)Formula to calculate how old a sample is by carbon – 14 dating is
12) As the half life of carbon – 14 is 5,700 years, it is useful for dating objects up to about 60,000 years old.
22. Suggest some approaches towards the conservation of forests.
A. Six basic steps to save forests :
1) Trees: It’s a concept originally devised from elementary school audience but serves well as set of principles for saving rain forests and on a broader scale, ecosystems around the world.
2) Teach, others about the importance of the environment and how they can help to save forests.
3) Restore : Restore damaged ecosystems by planting trees, where forests have been cut down.
4) Encourage : People to live in away that doesn’t hurt the environment.
5) Establish parks : To protect forests and wild life parks should be established.
6) Support: Companies that operate in ways that minimize damage to the environment.
SECTION – IV
23.Draw a neat labelled diagram of the longitudinal section of a human kidney.
24.Draw a neat labelled diagram of the longitudinal section of a flower and label the parts.
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