Bhagya

CBSE Class 7 English Grammar Tenses are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 7 English. Here we have given CBSE Class 7 English Grammar Tenses. https://www.cbselabs.com/cbse-class-7-english-grammar-tenses/

CBSE Class 7 English Grammar Tenses

Tenses Class 7 CBSE 

1. Read the following sentences carefully :

1. Birds fly in the air.
2. My brother flew to England last week.
3. I shall fly a kite on Sunday.

In the first sentence the Verb ‘fly* refers to the action in Present time, in the second sentence the Verb ‘flew’ refers to the action in the Past, while the Verb in the third sentence ‘shall fly’ refers to the action in Future.

2. The Tense of a Verb shows the time when an action takes place.
There are three Tenses :
I. Present Tense
II. Past Tense
III. Future Tense

3. In order to show at what stage an action is, each of the three tenses has been sub-divided into four heads. These sub-divisions are—

Tense	Indefinite	Continuous or Progressive	Perfect	Perfect Continuous
Present	I play	I am playing	I have played	I have been playing
Past	I played	I was playing	I had played	I had been playing
Future	I shall play	I shall be playing	I shall have played	I shall have been playing

Thus, the tense of a verb does not show the time of an action or event alone. It shows the state of that action also.

I. The Present Tense

Tenses For Class 7 CBSE 

A. Simple Present Tense
The Simple Present is used to express :
(i) A habitual action
(ii) A general truth
(iii) What is happening (in exclamatory sentences only)
(iv) An order or request.

(i) A habitual action :
I go for a walk daily.
He comes to school at 8 O’clock.
(ii) General truth :
The sun rises in the east.
Two and two make four.
(iii) What is happening :
Here comes the chief guest!
(iv) An order or request:
Obey your teachers.

Exercise 1
(Solved)

Tense Class 7 CBSE 

Fill in the blanks in the following with the correct form of the verb given in brackets : (Present Tense)
1. I ………… in Model Town. (live)
2. The mother ………… food for us. (cook)
3. She ………… to temple every morning. (go)
4. He ………… on me whenever he wants. (call)
5. I ………… what my sister ………… . (eat)
6. My father ………… from his office in the evening. (return)
Answers:
1. live
2. cooks
3. goes
4. calls
5. eat, eats
6. returns.

Tense For Class 7 CBSE 

B. Present Continuous Tense
(Is/am/ are + Verb + ing)
(i) In order to form the Present Continuous Tense, we add Present Participle
to is, am or are. The Present Participle is formed by adding ‘ing’ to the first form of the verb.
‘Is’ is used with he, she, it or Third Person Singular Noun, ‘am’ is used with T and ‘are’ is used with we, you, they and plural Nouns. .
Examples : She is singing a song.

(ii) In Interrogative form, the helping verb is used before the subject.
IIs/am/are + Subject + (Verb + ing) …. ?)
Examples : Are you going home ?

(iii) In Negative form, we add ‘not between the Principal Verb and the operative helping verb.
[Subject + is/am/are + not + {Verb + ing) …]
Examples y She is not weeping.

Uses of the Present Continuous Tense
The Present Continuous Tense is used with the words—at this time, at present, at the moment, now, nowadays, still etc. and in the following cases :
(a) To describe an action in progress and/or the continuity of the action.
The girls are singing a chorus.
(b) To describe an action in progress, but not necessarily at the time of speaking.
India is exporting onions to the Middle East.
What are you writing these days ?

Exercise 2
(Solved)

Fill in the following blanks with correct the Present Continuous Tense of the verbs given in brackets :
1. Look ! the sun ………… . (rise)
2. Why ………… you so fast ? (run)
3. The children ………… in the park. (play)
4. Mohini ………… a novel now. (read)
5. Water ………… from the running tap. (flow)
6. ………… it ………… outside now ? (rain)
7. What ………… your sister these days ? (do)
Answers:
1. is rising
2. are, running
3. are playing
4. is reading
5. is flowing
6. Is, raining
7. is, doing.

C. Present Perfect Tense
(Subject + Has /have + III form of the verb)
(i) In the Present Perfect Tense the past participle (III)) form of the verb is used with has or have. ‘Has’ is added with third person singular subjects, as—‘he’, ‘she’, ‘if and ‘Have’ is added with T, ‘we’, ‘you’, ‘they and plural nouns.
He has won a prize.
You have insulted me.
I have taken the dose of medicine.

(ii) In Interrogative form [Has, have are placed before the subject.]
(Has/have + Subject + III form of the Verb…?)
Have they crossed the river ?
Where have you seen my brother ?

(iii) In Negative form [‘not’ is used between the main verb and the helping verb.]
(Subject : has /have + not + III form of the Verb…)
She has not come yet.
I have not received any information.

Uses of the Present Perfect Tense
The Present Perfect Tense is used with the words : yet, as yet, already, just, just now, so far, since, ever since, presently, once, twice, thrice etc. and in the following cases :
(a) To express an action that has been recently completed.
I have just received the letter.
(b) To describe an action the time of which is not given.
The train has steamed in.
(c) To describe a past experience.
I have seen this picture several times.
(d)To express an action that began in the Past and still continues.
He has worked in this school for five years, (is still working)

Exercise 3
(Solved)

Fill in the following blanks with the Present Perfect Tense of the verbs given in brackets :
1. Where ………… you ………… your purse ? (lose)
2. ………… she not yet ………… her work ? (finish)
3. How many sums ………… she ? (solve)
4. My sister ………… from Meerut presently. (return)
5. Raju ………… Saroj since 1980. (know)
6. Asha ………… never ………… the Red Fort. (see)
Answers:
1. have, lost
2. Has, finished
3. has, solved
4. has returned
5. has known
6. has, seen.

D. Present Perfect Continuous Tense
(Subject + has /have + been + I form of the Verb + trig…)

In order to form the Present Perfect Continuous Tense, we put has been or have been before the Present Participle Form of the Verb ; as—
It has been raining for two hours.
I have beenjlying a kite since 2 O’clock.
(a) The Present Perfect Continuous Tense is used to describe an action that began in the Past, is still continuing and may extend into the Future ; as—
She has been waiting for you for three hours.
They have been playing cards since 10 A. M.
(b) This tense is also used to express an action in a sentence which begins with ‘For how long’ or ‘Since when’, as in—
For how long have you been sitting here ?
Since when has he been living in this house ?
(c) This tense is also used to express an action which began in the past and has been just completed. However, its result is visible in the present, as in—
I have been studying since morning and I am much tired now.
She has been washing the dishes for an hour and her clothes are dirty now.
Note : Since is used for a point of time.
For is used for a period of time.

Exercise 4
(Solved)

Fill in the following blanks with correct tense (Present Perfect Continuous) of the verbs given in brackets :
1. It ………… outside for half an hour. (hail)
2. The storm ………… since 4 O’clock. (howl)
3. I ………… for the bus since morning. (wait)
4. Since when ………… you ………… in this school ? (read)
5. It ………… not ………… since midnight. (rain)
6. She ………… midnight oil for five years. (bum)
7. I ………… for the examination for one year. (prepare)
Answers:
1. has been hailing
2. has been howling
3. have been waiting
4. have, been reading
5. has, been raining/has, rained
6. has bumt/has been burning
7. have been preparing.

Exercise 5
(Solved)

I. Fill in the blanks with correct present tense form of the verbs given in brackets :
1. Water ………… at 100°C. (boll)
2. We ………… a hockey match tomorrow. (play)
3. ………… your brother ………… his account ? (clear)
4. The cattle ………… In the field. (graze)
5. She ………… meat several times. (taste)

II. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verbs (present tense) given in brackets :
1. There ………… (go) the bell!
2. If you ………… not ………… (obey), you will be punished.
3. ………… you ………… (go) for a walk daily ?
4. The players ………… (warm) themselves up at the moment.
5. The train ………… just ………… (arrive).

III. Supply the correct form of the verbs (present tense) given in brackets :
1. Ask him what he (want).
2. The girls (rehearse) a play for the School Day.
3. She (absent) herself since Monday last.
4. What (make) you laugh ?
5. I (fly) to New York next week.
Answers:
I.
1. boils
2. are playing
3. Has, cleared
4. graze
5. has tasted

II.
1. goes
2. do, obey
3. Do, go
4. are warming
5. has, arrived

III.
1. wants
2. are rehearsing
3. has been absenting
4. makes
5. am flying.

II. The Past Tense

A. The Past Indefinite Tense Or The Simple Past Tense
(Subject + II form of the Verb…)
In the Simple Past (Past Indefinite) Tense the second form of the Verb is
used; as—
He came here yesterday.
Did’ is used in the Interrogative and Negative sentences. ‘Did’ is also used
to lay emphasis. Only the first form of the Verb is used with ‘did’.
(i) In Interrogative Sentences [‘did’ is placed before the subject and verb in first form after it ; as—]
(Did + Subject + I form of the Verb…?)
Did you show me your homework ?

(ii) In Negative Sentences [‘did not is put after the subject and first form of the verb is used thereafter : as—]
(Subject + did + not + I form of the Verb…)
1 did not apply for leave.
Exception—I never told a lie.
(This sentence means—I did not ever tell a lie)

(iii) To lay emphasis
I did try to solve the question but was not able to solve it.

Uses of the Past Indefinite Tense
The Past Indefinite (Simple Past) Tense is used :
(a) To express an action completed in the past with reference to the time of speaking.
I saw many birds in the zoo.
(b) To express habitual or regular action in the Past.
Gandhiji always spoke the truth.
(c) To express an event which occurred at a particular point in the Past.
My father came back home yesterday.
(d) To express an action which occupied a period of time in the Past, but is now ended.
We lived in this house for ten years. (do not live now)
I stayed at the Green Hotel for two months. (not staying now)
(e) To express an action where some word, showing past action [yesterday, ago, last, etc.) is given in the sentence, as,
He received your message yesterday.
I passed the S.S.C. Examination last year.
Mark the correct use of the Past Indefinite Tense in the following sentences.

Incorrect	Correct
1. He has passed the Secondary School Ex-amination in 1978.	He passed the Secondary School Examina¬tion in 1978.
2. They have left for Agra yesterday.	They left for Agra yesterday.
3. She has written a letter to her father last evening.	She wrote a letter to her father last evening.
4. Babar has founded the Mughal Empire.	Babar founded the Mughal Empire.

 

Note : The difference in the meaning of the following sentences : (i) He has worked in this office for five years. (He is still working here) (ii) He worked in this office for five years. (He is no longer working here)

Exercise 6
(Solved)

Fill in the following blanks with correct past tense of the verbs given in brackets :
1. I …………. your letter this morning.
2. How many deer …………. you …………. in the zoo ?
3. My father …………. a new house last month.
4. Prices …………. by forty percent last year.
5. Columbus …………. America.
6. Thousands of people …………. their lives in the earthquake.
Answers:
1. received
2. did, see
3. bought
4. rose
5. discovered
6. lost.

B. The Past Continuous Tense
(Subject + was/were + I form of the Verb + ing…)
(i) The Past Continuous Tense denotes an action going on in the past. In order to form Past Continuous Tense we add Present Participle to was or were ; as—
The train was running at full speed.
(ii) In Negative form [‘not is placed between the helping verb and the principal verb ; as—]
(Subject + was/were + not + Verb + ing…)
She was not weeping.
(iii) In Interrogative form [the helping verb is placed before the subject ; as—] (Was/were + Subject + Verb + ing + … ?)
Were the sheep grazing in the field ?

Uses of the Past Continuous Tense
(i) The Past Continuous Tense is used to express an action that was happening in the Past at the time of speaking. The time of the action may or may not be mentioned.
Examples : The old lady was crying at the top of her voice.
They were not making a noise.
(ii) The use of this tense with Simple Past Tense denotes that the previous action was going on when the latter action took place ; as—
My mother was cooking the food when I reached home.

Exercise 7
(Solved)

Fill in the following blanks with correct Past Continuous Tense of the verbs given in brackets :
1. The baby ……….. in the room. (weep)
2. Children ……….. a noise in the class. (make)
3. Why ……….. you ……….. at her ? (look)
4. We saw the aeroplane while it ……….. . (take off)
5. The students ……….. their morning prayer when I reached their school. (say)
6. I ……….. my beard when the telephone bell rang. • (shave)
7. My mother ……….. when I returned home. (sleep)
Answers:
1. was weeping
2. were making
3. did, look, were, looking
4. was taking off
5. were saying
6. was shaving
7. was sleeping

C. The Past Perfect Tense
[Subject + had + III form of the Verb )
We often make mistakes while using the Past Perfect Tense. We use ‘had! at random wherever we view ‘past action’ in a sentence in our mother-tongue.
I had gone to Delhi yesterday.
This sentence should be formed in Simple past.
I went to Delhi yesterday.
The structure of Past Perfect is—
In order to form the Past Perfect Tense we use ‘had’ before the Past Participle (III) form of the Verb.

(i) In Interrogative form [‘Had! is used before the subject]
(Had + Subject + Mform of the Verb + ?)
Had he left when you came ?
(ii) In Negative form [‘nof is used after ‘had’]
(Subject + had + not + III form of the Verb + )
I had not seen you before.

Uses of the Past Perfect Tense
(a) The Past Perfect Tense is used to express an action completed before another action took place ; as—
When he came to me, I had posted the letter.
(b) (i) It is also used to express an unfulfilled action in the past; as—
If she had worked hard she would have passed.
(ii) It is also used to express an unfulfilled wish in the past; as—
I wish I had won the election.
(c) To denote the action or event which has been completed before some point of
time.
By afternoon he had completed much work.

Use of Past Indefinite and Past Perfect Tenses in Time Clauses
We can express time by using some ‘time-denoting’ Adverbs or through Adverbial clauses of Time. The combination of two past actions depends upon their mutual relevance.
Examples :
I had waited for my friend until he arrived.
After he had sailed many days, the mariner reached the coast.

Exercise 8
(Solved)

Fill in the following blanks with correct tense of the verbs given in brackets. (Past Tense)
1. Mohan ……….. already ……….. his breakfast. (take)
2. If she ……….. for the examination she would not have failed. (prepare)
3. The bell ……….. before I reached the school. (go)
4. The patient ……….. before the doctor arrived. (die)
5. She ……….. not ……….. the place before her husband permitted her. (leave)
6. ……….. the child before his mother returned from office ? (sleep)
7. The rain ……….. when we stepped out of our house. (stop)
Answers:
1. had,taken
2. had prepaired
3. had gone
4. had died
5. had, left
6. Had, slept
7. had stopped.

D. The Past Perfect Continuous Tense
(Subject + had + been + Present Participle..
(a) The Past Perfect Continuous Tense expresses an action that had been going on for some time in the past. In order to use this tense we use had been with Present Participle (ing) form of the verb.
Examples :
Children had been playing since morning.
(b) The Past Perfect Continuous Tense is also used to express an action that had been going on for some time before another action took place in the past ; as—
Examples :
They had been playing chess for two hours when I joined them.
(i) In Interrogative form, ‘had’ precedes the subject and ‘been’ comes after the subject; as—
Had he been quarrelling with you for some time ?
(ii) In negative form, ‘not’ is placed after ‘had’ and before ‘been’ ; as—
They had not been working on this project for many years.

III. The Future Tense

A. The Simple Future/Future Indefinite Tense
(Shall/ will + Verb)
The Future Indefinite Tense is used to express the action or event which is likely to happen in Future. In this tense we use shall/ will between the subject and
the first form of the verb. Normally we use ‘shall with pronouns of first person (I, We). In the same way, we use ‘will’ with the pronouns of second person (you) and third person (he, she, it, they).
(i) In Negative sentences ‘not is added after ‘shall’/‘wilt as the case may be ;
as—
We shall not see the picture today.
(ii) In Interrogative sentences ‘will’/‘shall’ is placed before the subject and first form of the verb after it; as—
Will you go to college today ?

B. The Future Continuous Tense
[Will/shall + be + Verb + ing)

The Future Continuous Tense is used to express an event that is expected to take place in the normal course or at some time in the future ; as—
We shall be playing a football match on Sunday.
The new edition of this book will be coming out shortly.
When I reach Calcutta, it will be raining heavily there.
Will you be taking part in the debate ? (Interrogative)
The farmers will not be watering the plants at this time. (Negative)

C. The Future Perfect Tense
(Shall/ will + have + III form of the Verb)

(i) The Future Perfect Tense expresses an action which is expected to be completed by a certain time in the Future ; as—
She will have covered half of her journey by Monday next.
(ii) The Future Perfect Tense sometimes expresses the speaker’s belief that something has taken place. In such sentences it does not express the Future ; as—
“You will have discussed the plans how to celebrate the function”, said my mother.
(iii) It is also used for an action which at a given future time will be in the past;
as—
In two years’ time (i.e., two years from now) I shall have taken my degree.

Exercise 9
(Solved)

Fill in the following blanks with correct tense of the verbs given in brackets : (Future Perfect Tense)
1. The picture ……….. by the time we reach the hail. (start)
2. ……….. you ……….. your studies by 2009 ? (finish)
3. The farmers ……….. not ……….. the harvest before September. (reap)
4. I ……….. exercise before the sun rises. (take)
5. He ……….. his lesson by next week. (learn)
Answers:
1. will have started
2. Will, have finished
3. will, have reapted
4. shall have taken
5. will have learnt.

D. The Future Perfect Continuous Tense
[Shall/ will + have been + Verb + ing)
The Future Perfect Continuous Tense is used to express an action that will have been going on at or before some point of time in the Future ; as—
We shall have been waiting for you for a long time.

Exercise 10
(Solved)

I. Rewrite the following sentences changing the Verb into the Future Tense :
1. I reached the station after the train had left.
2. The log of wood broke and they fell into the ditch.
3. They bound his hand and foot and held him fast.
4. I broke the lock open and got into the room.
3. The gardener was watering the plants.
6. You have really committed a blunder.
7. He found her weeping bitterly.

II. Correct the following sentences :
1. He has left for his native village yesterday.
2. I had completed the work.
3. He told me that he has solved all the sums.
4. I informed you about this before.
5. I know you for many years.
8. She had seen a lion in the circus.
7. He is pass in English and is fail in Mathematics.
8. If you help me, I give you a reward.
9. It is raining heavily since a week.
10. The patient died before the doctor arrived.
11. He will meet me as soon as he will return.
12. The teacher punished the boys because they are making a noise.
Answers:
I.
1. I shall reach the station before the train leaves.
2. The log of wood will break and they will fall into the ditch.
3. They will bind his hand and foot and hold him fast.
4. I shall break the lock open and get into the room.
5. The gardener will be watering the plants.
6. You will have really committed a blunder.
7. He will find her weeping bitterly.

II.
1. He left for his native village yesterday.
2. I completed the work.
3. He tells me that he has solved all the sums.
4. I had informed you about this before.
5. I have known you for many years.
6. She saw a lion in the circus.
7. He passes in English but fails in Mathematics.
8. If you help me, I will give you a reward.
9. It has been raining heavily for a week.
10. The patient had died before the doctor arrived.
11. He will meet me as soon as he returns.
12. The teacher punished the boys because they were making a noise.
Common Errors in the Use of Verbs

Incorrect	Correct
1. He is pass in English.	He passes in English.
2. Bum the lamp.	Light the lamp.
3. When will you give the test ?	When will you take the test ?
4. The teacher will take our test in English next week.	The teacher will give us a test in English next week.
5. I am ill for four days.	I have been ill for four days.
6. She gave a speech.	She made a speech.
7. Our team made two goals.	Our team scored two goals.
8. I wish I was young again.	I wish I were young again !
9. He talks as if he is mad.	He talks as if he were mad.
10. What make you laugh ?	What makes you laugh ?
11. I hanged my coat on the peg.	I hung my coat on the peg.
12. The murderer was hung.	The murderer was hanged*.
13. Two and ttvo makes four.	Two and two make four.
14. They haue come this morning.	They came this morning.
15. He was so thirsty that he drunk all the milk.	He was so thirsty that he drank all the milk.
16. I hope he will fail.	I fear he will fail
17. I saw into the bus, but looked none.	I looked into the bus, but saw none.
18. He works hard lest he should not fail. Our	He works hard lest he should fail.
19. Our hen has given ten eggs.	Our hen has laid ten eggs.
20. He fell off the roof and died.	He fell off the roof and was dead.

* In the past form, ‘Hanged’ is used in the sense of awarding ‘capital punishment’ suspending by the neck until dead.
The murderer will be hanged tomorrow.
He took off his coat and hung it on a peg.
** ‘Not’ is included in ‘lest. ‘Lest’ = in order that—not.

Exercise 11
(Solved)

Fill in the blanks choosing one word for each blank from the box. You may use a word or phrase more than once.

knocked, Injured, had died, was reading, died, was turning, sat, slipped, was mowing, crossed, arrived.

1. He ……………… the room and ……………… down in the chair.
2. As he ……………… around the road, a bus ……………… him down.
3. He ……………… and ……………… his leg.
4. The passenger ……………… a newspaper.
5. He was seventy years old when he ……………… .
6. The doctor came after the patient ……………… .
7. I noticed that his hair ……………… grey.
8. When we ……………… he ……………… the lawn.
Answers:
1. crossed, sat
2. was turning, knocked
3. slipped, injured
4. was reading
5. died
6. had died
7. was turning
8. arrived, was mowing

Exercise 12
(Solved)

The following passage has not been edited. There is an error in each line. Write the error along with the correction. Do not forget to underline the correction.
Last night a dozen armed men enter a house. (a) _______
They were arm with sticks. First they (b) _______
attack the owner. When he resisted, he (c) _______
was beat up with the sticks. They (d) _______
loots cash and ornaments. They had . (e) _______
lock him in a bathroom. (f) _______
Answers:
(a) enter — entered
(b) arm — armed
(c) attack — attacked
(d) beat — beaten
(e) loot — looted
(f) lock — locked

Exercise 13
(Solved)

Rearrange the following to make meaningful sentences :
1. Sudhir / coming / Tuesday / on / is.
2. be given / he / a thrashing / should
3. they / in / the doctor / called
4. the President / the prizes / away / gave
5. I / my friends / a sad farewell / bade
6. elected / President / Gopal / we.
Answers:
1. Sudhir is coming on Tuesday.
2. He should be given a thrashing.
3. They called in the doctor.
4. The President gave away the prizes.
5. I bade my friends a sad farewell.
6. We elected Gopal President.

Exercise 14
(For Practice)

Insert the correct forms of the Simple Present Tense of the verbs given in the brackets :
1. The boys ………… a song.(sing)
2. I ………… in a school which is the best in the city. (read)
3. The sun ………… during the day. (shine)
4. God ………… those who ………… themselves. (help)
5. Farmers ………… a hard life. (lead)
6. Mr. Ram Lal ………… us English. (teach)

Exercise 15
(For Practice)

I. Rewrite the following sentences changing the Verbs into the Past Tense :
1. Our hen lays one egg daily.
2. Whenever my mother comes, she brings toys for me.
3. She knows that your brother turns with a tide.
4. Anyone who travels by railway through India can see that the country is well supplied with natural wealth.
5. He behaves nicely at tables, talks gently, remains cheerful, thinks of others, keeps an eye on the company and tries to be pleasant and polite in every way.

II. Rewrite the following sentences changing the Verbs into the Present Tense :
1. No one knew what was in store for him.
2. Work, not worth, shall rule mankind.
3. Why did he abuse you ?
4. Fortunately the fighting was over soon.
5. Meanwhile President Kennedy’s father fell ill.
6. A school bus accident killed scores of children.

Exercise 16
(For Practice)

Fill in the following blanks with correct tense of the verbs given in the brackets : (Future Tense)
1. Dinesh ……….. for us at the appointed time. (wait)
2. When Sarla calls on me, I ……….. my clothes. (iron)
3. The gardener ……….. the plants next month. (water)
4. Sonu ……….. his lesson tomorrow at this time. (revise)
5. Mohini ……….. tea when you enter her room. (make)
6. The patient ……….. rest when the doctor arrives. (take)
7. The peon ……….. the bell when I reach the school. (ring)
8. Sharda ……….. for Madras this time tomorrow. (leave)
9. We ……….. our courses by the end of January. (complete)

Exercise 17
(For Practice)

Fill in the following blanks with correct tense of the verbs given in brackets using future tense.
1. They ……….. the sums since morning. (solve)
2. We ……….. in the river for three hours before noon. (bathe)
3. We ……….. our time during examination days. (not waste)
4. The farmers ……….. the fields since 2008. (plough)
5. ……….. he ……….. for you for an hour ? (wait)
6. By next year, I ……….. in Jaipur for seven years. (live)
7. Our school team ……….. the other team for the seventh time. (defeat)
8. She ……….. since 8 A.M. before I reach home at noon. (study)

Exercise 18
(For Practice)

Fill in the blanks in the following sentences with the simple or the progressive (continuous) form of the verb.
1. The Indians ……………… in India, (live)
2. He ……………… to office every morning, (go)
3. My aunt ……………… with us for a few weeks, (stay)
4. Jack cannot come out to play at the moment as he ……………… his homework, (do)
5. They ……………… to Joshi Math for the summer, (go)
6. A vegetarian never ……………… meat, (eat)
7. Some birds ……………… every year, (migrate)
8. A milliner ……………… ladies’ hats, (sell)

Exercise 19
(For Practice)

The following passage has not been edited. There is an error in each line. Write the error along with the correction. Do not forget to underline the correction.
A young man from Punjab decide to go (a) _______
to Canada. He meet an agent in Delhi. (b) _______
The agent tell him that he would have (c) _______
to paid rupees seven lacs. The youngman (d) _______
agree to pay the amount. The agent (e) _______
demanded some advance which was also pay. (f) _______
Later, the agent is discovered to be a fraud. (g) _______

Multiple Choice Questions

Read the statements given below and choose the correct option
I. Identify as directed :
Question 1.
The Simple Present Tense :
(i) is going to
(ii) sings
(iii) flew
(iv) both (0 and (ii)

Question 2.
The Simple Past
(i) grew
(ii) grow
(iii) grown
(iv) both (i) and (ii)

Question 3.
The Future :
(i) will do
(ii) done
(iii) do
(iv) doing

II. Form the sentences with the given verb :
Question 4.
have (Future Continuous Form).
(i) I having done the work, went out
(ii) Having done the work, I went
(iii) We will be having a rich meal
(iv) We will have a rich meal

Question 5.
Wait (Past Perfect Continuous)
(i) They were waiting
(ii) They had been waiting for us
(iii) They have been waiting for us
(iv) Both (i) and (ii)

III. Choose the correct option :
Question 6.
Present Tense is used to express
(i) recent completed action
(ii) action happening now
(iii) habitual action
(iv) both (i) and (ii)

Question 7.
I will be seeing him tomorrow
(i) Future Indefinite
(ii) Present Continuous
(iii) Future Continuous
(iv) Both (i) and (ii)

Question 8.
For the future planned action, we use :
(i) I will be going
(ii) I can go
(iii) I should go
(iv) I must go

Question 9.
I have lived here for 10 years ; means
(i) action began in the past and continues in the present
(ii) action began in the past and continues in the future
(iii) action is complete now
(iv) both (i) and (ii)

Question 10.
Past Perfect is used when an action was completed before another action :
(i) The patient died before the doctor came
(ii) The patient had died before the doctor came
(iii) The patient has died before the doctor came
(iv) both (i) and (iv)

Answers:
1. (ii)
2. (i)
3. (i)
4. (iii)
5. (ii)
6. (iii)
7. (iii)
8. (i)
9. (i)
10. (ii)

We hope the CBSE Class 7 English Grammar Tenses help you. If you have any query regarding CBSE Class 7 English Grammar Tenses, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

CBSE Class 10 Hindi B लेखन कौशल सूचना लेखन

Suchna Lekhan Class 10 CBSE

मनुष्य जिज्ञासु प्राणी है। वह तरह-तरह की जानकारियों से अवगत होना चाहता है। वह सूचनाओं का आदान-प्रदान करता है। इसी तरह सरकारी और गैर-सरकारी संस्थाएँ भी कुछ आवश्यक सूचनाएँ लोगों तक पहुँचाना चाहती हैं। जन साधारण की भलाई हेतु वे समय-समय पर ऐसा करती रहती हैं। इन सूचनाओं को जनता तक लिखित रूप में पहुँचाना सूचना-लेखन कहलाता है। सूचना-लेखन के माध्यम से जन साधारण से सीधे संवाद स्थापित किया जाता है। इसके माध्यम से कम खर्च और अल्प परिश्रम से अधिकाधिक लोगों तक सूचनाएँ पहुँचाई जाती हैं। छात्रों को भी तरह-तरह की सूचनाएँ विद्यालय के सूचनापट्ट पर लिखी मिलती हैं। सूचनाएँ प्रायः ऐसे स्थान पर लिखी जाती हैं, जहाँ लोगों द्वारा वे आसानी से देखी और पढ़ी जा सकें। इन्हें कॉलोनियों और रिहायशी इलाकों के मुख्य द्वार पर या प्रायः कॉलोनी के सूचनापट्टों पर लिखी मिल जाती हैं।

You can also download Science NCERT Solutions Class 10 to help you to revise complete syllabus and score more marks in your examinations. https://www.cbselabs.com/cbse-class-10-hindi-b-soochana-lekhan/

Suchna Lekhan CBSE Class 10

सूचना-लेखन में ध्यान देने योग्य बातें-

• सूचना प्रायः तीन या चार वाक्यों में लिखी जानी चाहिए।
• सूचना पूर्ण और आसानी से समझ में आने वाली होनी चाहिए।
• सूचना सरल शब्दों में लिखी जानी चाहिए।
• सूचना की भाषा प्रभावपूर्ण और मर्यादित शब्दों में लिखी जानी चाहिए।
• सूचना की लिखावट पठनीय होनी चाहिए।
• सूचना देने वाले का नाम या स्थान विशेष की जानकारी अवश्य होनी चाहिए।
• सूचना देने वाले के हस्ताक्षर और दिनांक अवश्य लिखा जाना चाहिए।

सूचना-लेखन की विधि

• सूचना लेखन में सबसे ऊपर विद्यालय या संस्था का नाम लिखा जाता है। इससे ज्ञात होता है कि सूचना किस कार्यालय द्वारा दी जा रही है; जैसे-

विद्या भारती सेकेंड्री स्कूल, ज्योति नगर, दिल्ली

खेल परिषद

• अगली पंक्ति में मोटे अक्षरों में लिखना चाहिए

सूचना

सूचना लेखन CBSE

इसके बाद शीर्षक और उसके नीचे अगले एक अनुच्छेद में इस तरह लिखनी चाहिए –

हमारे विद्यालय की खेल परिषद दवारा आगामी सोमवार को प्रात: 9 बजे एक टायल कार्यक्रम आयोजित किया जा रहा है जिसके माध्यम से विभिन्न खेलों-क्रिकेट, टेबल-टेनिस, लंबी दौड़, फुटबॉल, वॉलीबाल, कबड्डी आदि की टीम बनाने हेतु संभावित खिलाड़ियों का चयन किया जाएगा। जो छात्र-छात्राएँ इसमें अपनी खेल प्रतिभा दिखाना चाहते हैं वे अधोहस्ताक्षरी के पास तीन दिनों के भीतर अपना नामांकन अवश्य करा दें।
करतार सिंह
(खेल शिक्षक)
सचिव, खेल परिषद्
इस तरह हमने देखा कि –

1. सूचना की भाषा की अपनी अलग विशेषता होती है।
2. इसे अन्य पुरुष में लिखा जाता है, जैसे सभी छात्रों को सूचित किया जाता है कि।
3. सूचना लेखन में कम शब्दों के माध्यम से गागर में सागर भरने का प्रयास किया जाता है।
4. शीर्षक बीच में दो-तीन शब्दों का होता है; जैसे
   • रक्तदान शिविर का आयोजन
   • कवि सम्मेलन का आयोजन
   • दिल्ली दर्शन का कार्यक्रम
5. अंत में बाएँ कोने में सूचना लेखक का नाम, पद आदि का उल्लेख होता है।

सूचना-लेखन के कुछ उदाहरणों द्वारा इसे स्पष्ट रूप से समझा जा सकता है-

Soochna Lekhan Class 10 CBSE प्रश्नः 1.
आप केंद्रीय विद्यालय जलवायु विहार दिल्ली की सांस्कृतिक इकाई के सचिव प्रत्यूष/प्रत्यूषा हैं। आपके विद्यालय में स्वतंत्रता दिवस की पूर्व संध्या पर देशभक्ति पूर्ण कविताओं का पाठ किया जाना है जिसमें शहर के प्रसिद्ध कवि पधार रहे हैं। इसमें छात्र-छात्राओं के अभिभावक भी सादर आमंत्रित हैं। इस संबंध में एक सूचना आलेखन कीजिए।
उत्तर:

Suchana Lekhan Class 10 CBSE प्रश्नः2.
गांधी जयंती के अवसर पर आपके विद्यालय ने स्वच्छता अभियान चलाने का निर्णय लिया है। इसके लिए सामने वाली बस्ती में साफ़-सफ़ाई करने के अलावा लोगों में स्वच्छता के प्रति जन-जागरूकता फैलाए जाने का निश्चय किया गया है। इसकी सूचना देते हुए एक सूचना आलेख तैयार कीजिए। आप अपने विद्यालय के हेड ब्वाय जयंत
उत्तर:

Sandesh Lekhan Class 10 Learn Cbse प्रश्नः 3.
आप टैगोर अपार्टमेंट टैगोर गार्डन दिल्ली के आर०डब्ल्यू०ए० के सचिव हैं। गांधी जयंती के शुभ अवसर पर आरडब्ल्यू०ए० के सदस्यों ने डॉक्टरों की देखरेख में रक्तदान शिविर का आयोजन किया है। इच्छुक व्यक्ति रक तदान हेतु सादर आमंत्रित हैं। इस संबंध में सूचना आलेख तैयार कीजिए।
उत्तर:

Sandesh Lekhan Class 10 CBSE प्रश्नः 4.
आपके विद्यालय में पुस्तक प्रदर्शनी का आयोजन किया जा रहा है जिसमें हर तरह की पुस्तकों पर 25% छूट दी जाएगी। ये पुस्तकें विभिन्न विषयों से संबंधित होंगी। इस संबंध में एक सूचना आलेख तैयार कीजिए। आप दसवींबी के छात्र गौतम शर्मा हैं।
उत्तर:

Suchna Lekhan Class 10th CBSE प्रश्नः 5.
आपके शहर के खादी वस्त्र भंडार ने गांधी जयंती के अवसर पर खादी वस्त्रों पर 10 प्रतिशत से 30 प्रतिशत तक छूट देने का निश्चय किया है ताकि खादी वस्त्रों की लोकप्रियता बढ़े। स्वयं को खादी वस्त्र भंडार का प्रबंधक मानकर एक सूचना आलेख तैयार कीजिए।
उत्तर:

Suchna Lekhan In Hindi CBSE प्रश्नः 6.
आपकी कालोनी में रियायती दर पर हेपेटाइटिस-बी के इंजेक्शन लगवाने का निर्णय सदर लायंस क्लब पंजाबी बाग दिल्ली द्वारा लिया गया है। अपनी कालोनी के सूचनापट्ट पर लिखने के लिए एक सूचना आलेख तैयार कीजिए। आप कालोनी विकास समिति के सचिव हैं।
उत्तर:

Suchana Lekhan CBSE प्रश्नः 7.
ग्रीष्मावकाश में झुग्गी-झोपड़ियों के उन गरीब बच्चों को स्वैच्छिक रूप से प्रतिदिन 9 बजे से 11 बजे तक पढ़ाने के लिए कुछ छात्र इच्छुक हैं। आप विद्यालय के हेड ब्वाय हैं। इसके लिए एक सूचना आलेख तैयार कीजिए, ताकि अधिकाधिक छात्र उत्साहित होकर इस कार्यक्रम में भाग लें।
उत्तर:

Suchna Lekhan In Hindi Class 10 CBSE प्रश्नः 8.
‘ज्योति आई केयर फाउंडेशन’ आपकी कॉलोनी में एक कैंप लगाना चाहती है, जिसमें 50 साल से अधिक उम्र वाले स्त्री-पुरुषों की आँख संबंधी बीमारियों का निःशुल्क इलाज किया जाएगा। इस कैंप में साठ साल से अधिक आयु के लोगों को चश्मा मुफ़्त दिया जाएगा। कॉलोनी के सचिव की तरफ से एक सूचना आलेख तैयार कीजिए।
उत्तर:

Class 10 Hindi Suchna Lekhan CBSE प्रश्नः 9.
आपका विद्यालय दसवीं कक्षा के तीस छात्रों को राजस्थान शैक्षिक भ्रमण पर ले जाना चाहता है। इसके लिए आवश्यक जानकारियाँ देते हुए एक सूचना आलेख तैयार कीजिए। आप नवजीवन सीनियर सेकेंड्री स्कूल, आलमबाग, लखनऊ के हेड ब्वाय आस्तिक शाक्य हैं।
उत्तर:

सूचना लेखन इन हिंदी Class 10 CBSE प्रश्नः 10.
आपके विद्यालय ने गरीब छात्र-छात्राओं को निःशुल्क पुस्तकें वितरित करने का निर्णय किया है। जिन छात्र-छात्राओं के माता-पिता की वार्षिक आय एक लाख रुपये तक है, वे ही इसके पात्र हैं। इसकी सूचना देने के लिए एक आलेख तैयार कीजिए। आप छात्र कल्याण समिति के सदस्य अभिनव हैं।
उत्तर:

Class 10 Suchna Lekhan CBSE प्रश्नः 11.
आशीर्वाद सोसाइटी पश्चिम विहार, दिल्ली ने अपनी कॉलोनी में होली मिलन समारोह आयोजित किया है जिसमें ‘पास’ द्वारा ही प्रवेश दिया जाएगा। आप आर०डब्ल्यू०ए० के सदस्य की तरफ से एक सूचना आलेख तैयार कीजिए।
उत्तर:

Suchna In Hindi CBSE प्रश्नः 12.
आपके विद्यालय में परीक्षाएं शुरू होने वाली हैं। इससे विद्यालय के समय में परिवर्तन किया जा रहा है। विद्यालय के हेड ब्वाय/हेड गर्ल की तरफ से एक सूचना आलेख तैयार कीजिए।
उत्तर:

Suchna Lekhan Format Class 10 CBSE प्रश्नः 13.
आप लिटिल ऐंजिल्स स्कूल, मेरठ, उत्तर प्रदेश के विद्यार्थी गौरव हैं। खेल के कालांश में खेलते समय आपका पर्स कहीं गिर गया। इसकी सूचना देते हुए एक आलेख तैयार कीजिए।
उत्तर:

सूचना आलेख CBSE प्रश्नः 14.
आप कला एवं सांस्कृतिक परिषद् के सचिव मुनीश मौर्य हैं। आपके विद्यालय में एक चित्रकला प्रतियोगिता आयोजित की जानी है, जिसमें प्रथम, द्वितीय और तृतीय स्थान पाने वाले छात्रों को पुरस्कृत किया जाएगा। इससंबंध में सूचना आलेख तैयार कीजिए।
उत्तर:

आओ देखें कितना सीखा

1. आप रोटरी क्लब मायापुरी के सचिव श्रेष्ठ/सृष्टि हैं। आपका क्लब डॉक्टरों की टीम के साथ समीप की मज़दरों की बस्ती में स्वास्थ्य शिविर लगाना चाहता है। इसकी सूचना देते हुए आलेख तैयार कीजिए।
2. आप ‘सनातन’ वृद्धाश्रम में वृद्धों की मदद करना चाहते हैं। आप उन्हें खाद्य वस्तुएँ कपड़े और अन्य आवश्यक वस्तुएँ देना चाहते हैं। इस कार्य में आप अन्य छात्रों से स्वैच्छिक सहयोग चाहते हैं। इस संबंध में सूचना आलेख तैयार कीजिए। आप विकासोन्मुख पब्लिक स्कूल के कौशल/कल्पना हैं।
3. आप गुरुगोविंद सिंह पब्लिक स्कूल आदर्शनगर सोनीपत के हेड ब्वाय हैं। दो दिन बाद आपके विद्यालय में दीपावली की छुट्टियाँ पड़ रही हैं। इस दीपावली पर पटाखों को ‘न कहें’ का संदेश देते हुए एक सूचना आलेख तैयार कीजिए।
4. आप गरिमा पब्लिक स्कूल मालवीय नगर दिल्ली के इको क्लब के सदस्य नीरज/नीरजा हैं। एक सूचना-आलेख तैयार कीजिए जिसमें छात्रों को एक-एक पेड़ या पौधे को अपनाने तथा उसकी देखभाल करने की प्रेरणा दी गई हो।
5. आपके विद्यालय संगम पब्लिक स्कूल सोनिया विहार दिल्ली द्वारा तमिलनाडु और केरल के शैक्षिक भ्रमण की योजना बनाई __गई है। इसके 2500 रु. प्रति छात्र से जमा करने और अन्य औपचारिकताओं का उल्लेख करते हुए एक सूचना तैयार कीजिए। आप हेड ब्वाय पीयूष/पुष्पा हो।
6. आपके विद्यालय में खेल दिवस मनाया जा रहा था। इसी अवसर पर आपकी घड़ी खो गई। घड़ी रंग, डायल आदि का उल्लेख करते हुए एक सूचना आलेख कीजिए। आप दसवीं ‘अ’ के छात्र सुगंध/सुगंधा हैं।
7. आपके विद्यालय में किसी अन्य विद्यालय से क्रिकेट मैच खेला जाना है। 20-20 ओवरों के इस मैच में उत्साहवर्धन हेतु शामिल होने के लिए सूचना तैयार कीजिए। आप अपने विद्यालय की क्रिकेट टीम के उपकप्तान अजयेश शर्मा हैं।
8. आपका विद्यालय होली के अवकाश के उपलक्ष्य में दो दिन बाद बंद होने जा रहा है। आप सांस्कृतिक सचिव की तरफ से एक सूचना तैयार कीजिए जिसमें होली की पवित्रता बनाए रखने के लिए पेंट, तेल, ग्रीस, कीचड़ आदि दूसरों पर न फेंकने का संदेश दिया गया हो।
9. आप अपनी कॉलोनी बी-ब्लॉक राजनगर एक्सटेंशन गाजियाबाद के सचिव हैं। आप इस बार वर्षा ऋतु में अधिकाधिक पौधे लगाकर हरियाली लाना चाहते हैं। इस संबंध में सूचना आलेख तैयार कीजिए।
10. गरीब एवं झुग्गियों के बच्चों की मदद के लिए बाल दिवस के अवसर पर आपके विद्यालय में मेले का आयोजन किया जा रहा है। इसमें अधिकाधिक बच्चों के भाग लेने की प्रेरणा देते हुए एक सूचना आलेख तैयार कीजिए। आप दसवीं ‘बी’ के शुभम

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Hindi

CBSE Class 10 Hindi B व्याकरण रचना के आधार पर वाक्य रूपांतर

Rachna Ke Aadhar Par Vakya Bhed CBSE

वाक्य –
मनुष्य सामाजिक प्राणी है। वह समाज में रहकर अपने मन के भाव दूसरों को बताना चाहता है तथा उनके विचारों को सुनना-जानना चाहता है। इसके लिए वह भाषा का सहारा लेता है। यह भाषा उसके मुंह से शब्दों या वाक्यों के माध्यम से व्यक्त होती हैं।

You can also download NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Science to help you to revise complete syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Rachna Ke Aadhar Par Vakya Bhed Class 10 CBSE

शब्दों की रचना वर्णों के सार्थक मेल से होती है। इन्हीं सार्थक शब्दों के सार्थक एवं व्यवस्थित मेल से वाक्य बनते हैं। वाक्य भाषा की सबसे छोटी इकाई हैं, जिनके द्वारा लिखने या बोलने वाले के मन का आशय समझ में आ जाता है। इस तरह हम कह सकते हैं कि “मनुष्य के विचारों को व्यक्त करने वाला शब्द समूह, जो व्यवस्थित हो तथा पूर्ण आशय प्रकट कर सके, वाक्य कहलाता है।”

वाक्य के गुण –
वाक्य में निम्नलिखित बातों का होना ज़रूरी है –
1. सार्थकता-वाक्य रचना के लिए ज़रूरी है कि उसमें प्रयुक्त सभी पद सार्थक हों।
उदाहरण –

• राम पार्क में खेलता है।
• मैं घर जाकर खाना खाऊँगा।

2. योग्यता-इसका मतलब है-क्षमता। इसका अर्थ यह है कि शब्दों में सार्थक होने के साथ-साथ प्रसंग के अनुसार अर्थ देने की क्षमता भी होनी चाहिए।
उदाहरण –
(i) पवन पानी खाता है।
⇒ पवन खाना खाता है।
(ii) श्याम खाना पीता है।
⇒ श्याम पानी पीता है।

3. आकांक्षा-इसका अर्थ है-इच्छा। इसका आशय यह है कि वाक्य अपने आप में पूरा होना चाहिए। उसमें कोई भी शब्द कमनहीं होना चाहिए, जिसके कारण वाक्य में अधूरापन लगे।
उदाहरण –
(i) लड़के खाना हैं। (खा रहे)
⇒ लड़के खाना खा रहे हैं।
(ii) सैनिक लड़ हैं। (रहे)
⇒ सैनिक लड़ रहे हैं।

4. पदक्रम-वाक्य का सही अर्थ जानने के लिए शब्दों का उचित पदक्रम में होना ज़रूरी है। पदक्रम के अभाव में वाक्य का सही अर्थ नहीं निकलता।
उदाहरण –
(i) सारे देश के नागरिक कर्तव्यनिष्ठ हैं। ⇒ देश के सारे नागरिक कर्तव्यनिष्ठ हैं।
(ii) गाय का ताकतवर दूध होता है। ⇒ गाय का दूध ताकतवर होता है।

5. अन्वय-इसका अर्थ है-मेल। वाक्य में कर्ता, वचन, लिंग, कारक आदि में होना ज़रूरी है। इसके बिना वाक्य का पूर्ण अर्थ नहीं निकलता।
उदाहरण –
(i) मेरा देश में अनेक नदियाँ बहता हैं। ⇒ मेरे देश में अनेक नदियाँ बहती हैं।
(ii) चूहें किताबें कुतर गई। ⇒ चूहे किताबें कुतर गए।

वाक्य के अंग –
वाक्य की संरचना के आधार पर उसको दो भागों में विभाजित किया जाता है –

1. उद्देश्य,
2. विधेय।

1. उद्देश्य-वाक्य का वह अंग, जिसके विषय में कुछ कहा जाए, उसे उद्देश्य कहते हैं।
उदाहरण –

1. राम सो रहा है।
2. राजू खाना खा रहा है।
3. किसान फलों के पेड़ भी लगाते हैं।
4. जवान देश की रक्षा करते हैं।

इन वाक्यों में ‘राम’, ‘राजू’, ‘किसान’ और ‘जवान’ के विषय में बताया जा रहा है। इसलिए ‘राम’, ‘राजू’, ‘जवान’ और ‘किसान’ उद्देश्य हैं।

Rachna Ke Aadhar Par Vakya Ke Bhed CBSE

2. विधेय-वाक्य में उद्देश्य के बारे में जो कुछ कहा जाए, उसे विधेय कहते हैं।
उदाहरण –

1. करन खेल रहा है।
2. चित्रकार चित्र बनाता है।
3. चित्रा गीत गा रही है।
4. मंजरी बस से शहर गई।

इन वाक्यों में ‘खेल रहा है’, ‘चित्र बनाता है’, ‘गीत गा रही है’ और ‘बस से शहर गई’ वाक्यों के विधेय हैं। वाक्य के भेद-मुख्य रूप से वाक्यों को दो भागों में बाँटा गया है –

1. रचना के आधार पर,
2. अर्थ के आधार पर।

नोट-पाठ्यक्रम के अनुसार हम सिर्फ रचना के आधार पर वाक्य भेद’ का अध्ययन करेंगे।

रचना के आधार पर वाक्य भेद –

रचना अथवा बनावट के आधार पर वाक्य के तीन भेद होते हैं –
(क) सरल वाक्य
(ख) संयुक्त वाक्य
(ग) मिश्र वाक्य।

(क) सरल वाक्य-जिन वाक्यों में एक उद्देश्य तथा एक विधेय होता है, उन्हें सरल वाक्य कहते हैं।
उदाहरण –

• वर्षा हो रही है।
• मोहन पतंग उड़ा रहा है।
•  बच्चे मैदान में खेल रहे हैं।
• रविवार को भी हम पढ़ेंगे।
• वह फलों के लिए बाज़ार गया।
• राम खाना खाकर सो गया।

(ख) संयुक्त वाक्य-जिन वाक्यों में दो या दो से अधिक स्वतंत्र उपवाक्य किसी समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय से जुड़े होते हैं, उन्हें संयुक्त वाक्य कहते हैं।
उदाहरण –

• माँ बाज़ार गई और सब्जियाँ लेकर आयी।
• आप खाना खाएँ और आराम करें।
• आप चाय पिएँगे या कॉफ़ी?
• राम बीमार है इसलिए स्कूल नहीं आया।
• विद्यार्थी परिश्रमी होता है तो अवश्य सफल होता है।
• सोमवार को हड़ताल है, अतः बाज़ार बंद रहेगा।

संयुक्त वाक्य की पहचान

• दो उपवाक्यों के बीच समानाधिकरण संबंध होता है।
• संयुक्त वाक्य में दो या अधिक मुख्य या स्वतंत्र उपवाक्य होते हैं।
• उपवाक्य होते हुए भी उनमें पूर्ण अर्थ का बोध होता है।
• मुख्य उपवाक्य अपने पूर्ण अर्थ की अभिव्यक्ति के लिए किसी दूसरे उपवाक्य पर आश्रित नहीं रहते।

(ग) मिश्र वाक्य-जिस वाक्य में एक मुख्य उपवाक्य हो और अन्य उपवाक्य उस पर आश्रित हों, उसे मिश्र वाक्य कहते हैं। मिश्र वाक्य के उपवाक्य ‘कि, जैसा-तैसा, जो, वह, जब-तब, क्योंकि’ आदि व्यधिकरण योजकों से जुड़े रहते हैं।

उदाहरण –

• जैसे ही शाम हुई, बिजली चली गई।
• जब नई कक्षा में दाखिला होगा तब हम पढ़ेंगे।
• जब राम आया तो श्याम चला गया।
• उस लड़के को बुलाओ जिसने काले जूते पहने है।
• जब आँधी आई तो धूल उड़ने लगी।

उपर्युक्त वाक्यों आश्रित और मुख्य उपवाक्य इस प्रकार हैं –

मिश्रित वाक्य में आश्रित उपवाक्यों के तीन प्रकार संभव है –
(क) संज्ञा उपवाक्य
(ख) विशेषण उपवाक्य
(ग) क्रिया-विशेषण उपवाक्य।

(क) संज्ञा उपवाक्य – जो उपवाक्य वाक्य में संज्ञा का काम करते हैं, वे संज्ञा उपवाक्य कहलाते हैं। संज्ञा उपवाक्य से पहले प्रायः कि का प्रयोग होता है।
उदाहरण –

•  मैं चाहता हूँ कि तुम डॉक्टर बनो।
• राम को विश्वास है कि श्याम होली पर ज़रूर जाएगा।
• ऐसा लगता है कि महँगाई कम नहीं होगी।
• गांधी जी कहते थे कि हिंसा नहीं करनी चाहिए।
• पवन ने कहा कि वह दिल्ली जाएगा।

(ख) विशेषण उपवाक्य-जो उपवाक्य मुख्य उपवाक्य में संज्ञा, सर्वनाम पदबंध की विशेषता बताते हैं, उन्हें विशेषण उपवाक्य कहते हैं।
उदाहरण –

• जिसने कार्य नहीं किया, वह खड़ा हो जाए।
• जो आदमी पढ़ाता है, वह अध्यापक होता है।
• उन अंकल को बुलाओ, जिनके हाथ में बैग है।
• वह साइकिल कहाँ है, जिससे आप कल आए थे।
• जिसे आप ढूँढ़ रहे हैं, वह तो चला गया।
• वह आम कौन-सा है, जो दशहरी है।

(ग) क्रिया-विशेषण उपवाक्य-जिन उपवाक्यों द्वारा मुख्य उपवाक्यों में क्रिया की विशेषता बताई जाती है, उन्हें क्रिया विशेषण उपवाक्य कहते हैं। क्रिया-विशेषण उपवाक्य किसी काल, स्थान, रीति, परिमाण, कार्य-करण आदि का द्योतन करते हैं।

इन उपवाक्यों में जहाँ, जैसा, जब, ज्यों-त्यों आदि समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय प्रयुक्त होते हैं –
उदाहरण-

• जब राम आया तो बारिश हो रही थी। (कालवाची)
• यदि वह पढ़ लेता तो अवश्य अच्छा इंसान बनता। (कार्य-करण)
• जहाँ-जहाँ प्रधानमंत्री गए, वहाँ उनका भव्य स्वागत हुआ। (स्थानवाची)
• जहाँ तुम रहते हो, वहीं मैं रहता था। (रीतिवाची)
• जैसा अध्यापक ने बताया, बच्चों ने वैसा काम किया। (रीतिवाची)
• जैसा करोगे वैसा भरोगे। (रीतिवाची)
• जितना तुम जानते हो, उतना काम करो। (कालवाची)

वाक्य-परिवर्तन –
किसी वाक्य को दूसरे प्रकार के वाक्य में परिवर्तित करने की प्रक्रिया को वाक्य परिवर्तन कहते हैं।

(क) सरल या साधारण वाक्य से मिश्र वाक्य में परिवर्तन –

(ख) सरल वाक्य से संयुक्त वाक्य में परिवर्तन –

(ग) मिश्रित वाक्य से संयुक्त वाक्य में परिवर्तन –

(घ) मिश्रित वाक्य से सरल वाक्य में परिवर्तन –

(ङ) संयुक्त वाक्य से मिश्रित वाक्य में परिवर्तन –

आओ देखें कितना सीखा

Vakya Rupantaran Class 10 CBSE प्रश्नः 1.
निम्नलिखित वाक्यों को ध्यानपूर्वक पढ़िए और रचना के आधार पर उनका भेद लिखिए

1. प्रातः जल्दी उठो और एक घंटे नियमित रूप से व्यायाम करो।
2. मरीज दवाएँ लेने अस्पताल गया।
3. अध्यापक आए और कक्षा में शोर बंद हो गया।
4. परिश्रमी मजदूरों को सभी काम पर बुलाते हैं।
5. जो लोग धनवान होते हैं, उन्हें गरीबों की मदद करनी चाहिए।
6. जैसे ही मोहन आया श्याम ने आगे बढ़कर उसका स्वागत किया।
7. उसने अपना आपा खोया और कटुवचन बोलने लगा।
8. सवेरा होते ही पक्षियों के कलरव से आसमान गूंज उठा।
9. आँधी आई और धूल उड़ने लगी।
10. अपने अथक परिश्रम से उसने असंभव को भी संभव बना दिया।
11. मज़दूरी पाते ही मज़दूर घर चला गया।
12. वर्षा समाप्त हुई और इंद्रधनुष निकल आया।
13. धनवान होने पर भी हमें दयालु बने रहना चाहिए।
14. जैसे ही नाटक समाप्त हुआ, वैसे ही दर्शक घर जाने लगे।
15. बाढ़ आई और फ़सलें पानी में डूब गईं।
16. जैसे ही महात्मा जी आए वैसे ही भीड़ उनके स्वागत में कड़ी हो गई
17. चुनाव निकट आते ही नेताओं को जनता के दुख दर्द याद आने लगे।
18. योगाचार्य ने कहा कि प्रतिदिन एक घंटा योग करना चाहिए।
19. जो परिश्रमी होते हैं, वे काम से नहीं डरते।
20. बत्ती हरी होते ही गाड़ियाँ चल पड़ी।

उत्तरः

1. संयुक्त वाक्य
2. सरल वाक्य
3. संयुक्त वाक्य
4. सरल वाक्य
5. मिश्र वाक्य
6. मिश्र वाक्य
7. संयुक्त वाक्य
8. सरल वाक्य
9. संयुक्त वाक्य
10. सरल वाक्य
11. सरल वाक्य
12. संयुक्त वाक्य
13. सरल वाक्य
14. मिश्र वाक्य
15. संयुक्त वाक्य
16. मिश्र वाक्य
17. सरल वाक्य
18. मिश्र वाक्य
19. मिश्र वाक्य
20. सरल वाक्य।

Rachna Ke Aadhar Par Vakya Rupantaran Class 10 प्रश्नः 2.
निम्नलिखित वाक्यों को मिश्र वाक्य में बदलिए –

1. मेरे घर पहुँचते ही आंधी आ गई।
2. पुस्तकें खरीदने के लिए वह बाज़ार गई।
3. दुकान पर सजी मिठाइयाँ देखकर बच्चे के मुँह में पानी आ गया।
4. निराला जी द्वारा रचित कविता सभी को पसंद आई।
5. गार्ड द्वारा हरी झंडी हिलाते ही गाड़ी चल पड़ी।
6. पानी का टैंकर आते ही लोगों में हलचल मच गई।
7. महात्मा जी का प्रभावपूर्ण प्रवचन सुनकर लोग नतमस्तक हो गए।
8. रोहित शर्मा की अच्छी बल्लेबाजी के कारण भारत मैच जीत गया।
9. मेरे स्टेशन पर पहुँचते ही बस चल पड़ी।
10. लाल कपड़ा देखते ही साँड़ भड़ककर गोपू के पीछे भागने लगा।
11. वह धन कमाने के लिए शहर गया।
12. धरती को हरा-भरा बनाए रखने के लिए लोग पेड़ लगाते हैं।
13. सैनिक देशवासियों के सुख-चैन के लिए अपने प्राणों की बाज़ी लगा देते हैं।
14. यही छात्र एक सौ मीटर की दौड़ में प्रथम आया था।
15. बूढ़ा व्यक्ति सड़क पार करते हुए मोटरसाइकिल से टकरा गया।
16. डॉक्टरी सहायता मिलने पर भी घायल को बचाया न जा सका।
17. छत पर दाना देखते ही कबूतर आ गए।
18. वसंत आते ही चारों ओर रंग-बिरंगे फूल खिल उठे।
19. इसी विद्यालय में मैंने प्राथमिक शिक्षा प्राप्त की थी।
20. सैनिक दल बनाकर जल्दी-जल्दी आतंकवादियों की ओर बढ़ने लगे।
21. दूसरों का निस्स्वार्थ भला करने वाला सच्चा परोपकारी होता है।
22. मुख्य अतिथि के मंच पर आते ही सरस्वती वंदना की गई।
23. भारी हिमपात के कारण पर्यटक रास्ते में फँस गए।
24. नींद आने के कारण उसने पढ़ना बंद कर दिया।
25. हेलमेट लगाने के कारण उसका सिर फटने से बच गया।
26. इसी भारत देश को सोने की चिड़िया कहा जाता था।
27. इसी जन्मभूमि की रज में लोट-लोटकर हम बड़े हुए हैं।
28. प्रयोगशाला में ब्यूरेट तोड़ने वाला छात्र खड़ा हो जाए।
29. इसी पेड़ पर सबसे मीठे आम आते हैं।
30. इसी छात्र ने चित्रकला प्रतियोगिता में प्रथम स्थान प्राप्त किया है।

उत्तरः

1. जैसे ही मैं घर पहुँचा वैसे ही आँधी आ गई।
2. क्योंकि उसे पुस्तकें खरीदनी थी इसलिए वह बाज़ार गई।
3. जैसे ही बच्चे ने दुकान पर सजी मिठाइयाँ देखीं वैसे ही उसके मुँह में पानी आ गया।
4. जो कविता निराला जी द्वारा रचित है, वह सभी को पसंद आई।
   या
   वह कविता जो निराला जी द्वारा रचित है, सभी को पसंद आई।
5. ज्यों ही गार्ड ने हरी झंडी हिलाई, त्यों ही गाड़ी चल पड़ी।।
6. जैसे ही पानी का टैंकर आया वैसे ही लोगों में हलचल मच गई।
7. महात्मा जी का प्रवचन इतना प्रभावपूर्ण था कि लोग नतमस्तक हो गए।
8. चूँकि रोहित शर्मा ने अच्छी बल्लेबाजी की इसलिए भारत मैच जीत गया।
9. जैसे ही मैं स्टेशन पर पहुँचा वैसे ही बस छूट गई।
10. ज्यों ही साँड़ ने लाल कपड़ा देखा त्यों ही वह गोपू के पीछे भागने लगा।
11. चूँकि उसे धन कमाना था इसलिए वह शहर गया।
12. क्योंकि धरती को हरा-भरा बनाना है इसलिए लोग पेड़ लगाते हैं।
13. जब सैनिक प्राणों की बाज़ी लगाते हैं तब देशवासी चैन से सोते हैं।
14. यह वह छात्र है जो एक सौ मीटर की दौड़ में प्रथम प्रथम आया था।
15. वह बूढ़ा व्यक्ति जो सड़क पार कर रहा था, मोटरसाइकिल से टकरा गया।
16. यद्यपि डॉक्टरी सहायता मिली फिर भी घायल को बचाया न जा सका।
17. जैसे ही कबूतरों ने दाना देखा वे छत पर आ गए।
18. जब वसंत आया तब चारों ओर रंग-बिरंगे फूल खिल उठे।
19. यही वह विद्यालय है जहाँ मैंने प्राथमिक शिक्षा प्राप्त की थी।
20. जब सैनिकों ने दल बनाया तब वे आतंकवादियों की ओर बढ़ने लगे।
21. जो दूसरों का निस्स्वार्थ भला करता है वही सच्चा परोपकारी होता है।
22. जैसे ही मुख्य अतिथि मंच पर आए वैसे ही सरस्वती वंदना शुरू की गई।
23. जब भारी हिमपात हुआ तब पर्यटक रास्ते में फँस गए।
24. चूँकि उसे नींद आने लगी थी इसलिए उसने पढ़ना बंद जाता है।
25. चूँकि उसने हेलमेट लगाया था इसलिए उसका सिर फटने से बच गया।
26. यही वह भारत देश है जिसे सोने की चिड़िया कहा
27. यही वह जन्मभूमि है जिसकी रज में लोट-लोटकर बड़े हुए हैं।
28. जिस छात्र ने प्रयोगशाला में व्यूरेट तोड़ा है वह खड़ा हो जाए ।
29. यही वह पेड़ है जिस पर सबसे मीठे आम लगते हैं।
30. यही वह छात्र है जिसने चित्रकला प्रतियोगिता में प्रथम स्थान प्राप्त किया है।

Rachna Ke Aadhar Par Vakya Rupantaran CBSE प्रश्नः 3.

1. निम्नलिखित वाक्यों को संयुक्त वाक्य में बदलिए
2. शहर जाने पर श्यामू मलेरिया से पीड़ित हो गया। ।
3. मोबाइल फ़ोन झपटने का अपराधी होने से उसे सजा हुई।
4. परिश्रम से कमाए गए धन को सोच-समझकर खर्च करना चाहिए।
5. आज तुम घर पर रहकर जानवरों की देख-रेख का काम करो।
6. मुर्गे की कुकड-कूँ सुनते ही महात्मा जी नदी की ओर चले गए।
7. प्रधानाचार्य की बातें सुनकर छात्र जोश से भर उठे।
8. बादल घिरने के बाद भी वर्षा नहीं हुई।
9. दौड़ प्रतियोगिता में फ़िसलकर गिर जाने के कारण वह प्रथम न आ सका।
10. बच्चों के शोर मचाने पर पक्षी उड़ गए।
11. आरक्षण समर्थकों द्वारा किए गए उत्पात से अनेक रेलगाड़ियाँ रद्द की गईं।
12. जादूगर का खेल देखकर लोगों ने तालियाँ बजाईं।
13. बाज़ार में धमाका होते ही लोग इधर-उधर भागने लगे।
14. अकबर के अत्याचार के सामने राणा प्रताप नहीं झुके।
15. (हरी-भरी फ़सलों को बाढ़ ने तबाह कर दिया।
16. आंधी आते ही रेगिस्तान में रेत उड़ने लगी।
17. (हवा का तेज़ झोंका आते ही पतंग आसमान में उड़ने लगी।
18.  स्टेशन पर पहुँचकर भी वह गाड़ी न पकड़ सकी।
19. वर्षा होने पर पेड़-पौधे नहाए-धोए से नज़र आने लगे।
20. उदय ने बाज़ार जाकर पुस्तकें खरीदीं।
21. दंगा शुरू होते ही पुलिस की कई गाड़ियाँ आ गईं।
22. संन्यासी प्रवचन देकर चले गए।
23. बिजली जाते ही गली में अँधेरा छा गया।
24. मेरे बार-बार फ़ोन करने पर भी डॉक्टर नहीं आए।
25. किसान बड़े सवेरे उठकर खेत में चला गया।

उत्तरः

1. श्यामू शहर गया और मलेरिया से पीड़ित हो गया।
2. उसने मोबाइल फ़ोन झपटा था, इसलिए उसे सजा हुई।
3. धन को परिश्रम से कमाया जाता है इसलिए उसे सोच समझकर खर्च करना चाहिए।
4. आज तुम घर पर रहो और जानवरों की देखरेख करो।
5. महात्मा जी ने मुर्गे की कुकड़-कूँ सुना और नदी की ओर चल पड़े।
6. छात्रों ने प्रधानाचार्य की बातें सुनीं और जोश से भर उठे।
7. बादल घिरे परंतु वर्षा नहीं हुई।
8. वह दौड़ प्रतियोगिता में फ़िसलकर गिर गया इसलिए प्रथम न आ सका
9. बच्चों ने शोर मचाया और पक्षी उड़ गए।
10. आरक्षण समर्थक ने उत्पात किया और अनेक रेलगाड़ियाँ रद्द करनी पड़ी।
11. लोगों ने जादूगर का खेल देखा और तालियाँ बजाई।
12. बाज़ार में धमाका हुआ और लोग इधर-उधर भागने लगे।
13. अकबर ने अत्याचार किया परंतु राणा प्रताप झुके नहीं।
14. बाढ़ आई और हरी-भरी फ़सलों को तबाह कर गई।
15. आँधी आई और रेगिस्तान में धूल उड़ने लगी।
16. हवा का तेज़ झोंका आया और पतंग आसमान में उड़ने लगी।
17. वह स्टेशन पर पहुँची परंतु गाड़ी न पकड़ सकी।
18. वर्षा हुई और पेड़-पौधे नहाए धोए से नज़र आने लगे।
19. उदय बाज़ार गया और पुस्तकें खरीदी।
20. दंगा शुरू हुआ और पुलिस की कई गाड़ियाँ आ गईं।
21. संन्यासियों ने प्रवचन दिया और चले गए।
22. बिजली गई और गली में अँधेरा छा गया। कर दिया।
23. मैंने बार-बार फ़ोन किया परंतु डॉक्टर नहीं आए।
24. किसान बड़े सवेरे उठा और खेत में चला गया।

Vakya Rachna Ke Aadhar Par Class 10 CBSE प्रश्नः 4.
निम्नलिखित वाक्यों को सरल वाक्य में बदलिए

1. मैंने एक लाल गुलाब देखा जो बहुत खुशबूदार था।
2. कुत्ते भौंकने लगे तब चोर भाग गए।
3. यही वह छात्र है जिसने नाटक में अध्यापक की भूमिका निभाई।
4. यही वे महात्मा हैं जो अपनी ज्ञानभरी बातों से प्रभावित कर लेते हैं।
5. पुलिस ने आसू गैस छोड़ी और भीड़ तितर-बितर हो गई।
6. गली में शोर हुआ परंतु उसकी नींद न खुली।
7. लोगों ने जोकर की बातें सुनीं और हँस पड़े।
8. जब सुमन ने मुझे समझाया तो मैं मान गया।
9. बल्लेबाजों ने अच्छा प्रदर्शन किया और भारत मैच जीत गया।
10. जब पीटी अध्यापक ने सीटी बजाई तब छात्र सावधान हो गए।
11. किसान परिश्रम करते हैं पर उसका लाभ बिचौलिए उठाते हैं।
12. सचिन तेंदुलकर वह महान खिलाड़ी हैं, जिन्होंने सर्वाधिक रन बनाए हैं।
13. रिंग मास्टर ने हंटर उठाया और शेर ने मुँह खोल दिया।
14. यही वह चौकीदार है जिसने चोरों को ललकारा था।
15. दिसंबर वह महीना है जब यहाँ कड़ाके की सरदी पड़ती है।
16. शेर ने दहाड़ लगाई और हिरन पर झपट्टा मारा।
17. चैत आया और टेसू के फूल दहकने लगे।
18. जब जून आएगा तब ये आम पकने लगेंगे।
19. पुलकित परिश्रमी है इसलिए सब उसे प्यार करते हैं।
20. उसने कठोर परिश्रम किया और कक्षा में प्रथम आया।
21. यही वह पहाड़ी है जहाँ औषधियाँ मिलती हैं।
22. दो दिन लगातार वर्षा हुई और सर्वत्र पानी भर गया।
23. सूरज निकला और ओस की बूंदें गायब होने लगी।
24. जब गार्ड ने हरी झंडी दिखाई तब गाड़ी चल पड़ी।
25. बिजली आई और गली-गली जगमगा उठी।
26. ठेकेदार ने मजदूरी दी और मजदूर घर चले गए।
27. जब पूजा समाप्त हुई तब प्रसाद वितरण शुरू हुआ।
28. आँधी आई और फ़सलें तहस-नहस हो गईं।
29. बढ़ई ने मेज बनाई और उसे रंग दिया।
30. जैसे ही भोर हुआ वैसे ही प्रकृति की नीरवता भंग होने लगी।

उत्तरः

1.  मैंने एक लाल खुशबूदार गुलाब देखा।
2. कुत्तों के भौंकने पर चोर भाग गए।
3. इसी छात्र ने नाटक में अध्यापक की भूमिका निभाई थी।
4. ये महात्मा अपनी ज्ञानभरी बातों से प्रभावित कर लेते हैं।
5. पुलिस द्वारा आसू गैस छोड़ने पर भीड़ तितर-बितर हो गई।
6. गली में शोर होने पर भी उसकी नींद न खुली।
7. जोकर की बातें सुनकर लोग हँस पड़े।
8. सुमन के समझाने पर मैं मान गया।
9. बल्लेबाजों के अच्छे प्रदर्शन से भारत मैच जीत गया।
10. पीटी अध्यापक के सीटी बजाने पर छात्र सावधान हो गए।
11. किसानों के परिश्रम का लाभ बिचौलिए उठाते हैं।
12. महान खिलाड़ी सचिन तेंदुलकर ने सर्वाधिक रन बनाए हैं।
13. रिंग मास्टर के हंटर उठाते ही शेर ने मुँह खोल दिया।
14. इसी चौकीदार ने चोरों को ललकारा था।
15. दिसंबर महीने में कड़ाके की ठंड पड़ती है।
16. शेर ने दहाड़कर हिरन पर झपट्टा मारा।
17. चैत आते ही टेसू के फूल दहकने लगे।
18. जून आने पर ये आम पकने लगेंगे।
19. परिश्रमी पुलकित को सभी प्यार करते हैं।
20. कठोर परिश्रम करके वह कक्षा में प्रथम आया।
21. इसी पहाड़ी पर औषधियाँ मिलती हैं।
22. दो दिन लगातार वर्षा होने से सर्वत्र पानी भर गया।
23. सूरज निकलने पर ओस की बूंदें गायब होने लगीं।
24. गार्ड के हरी झंडी दिखाते ही गाड़ी चल पड़ी।
25. बिजली आने से गली-गली जगमगा उठी।
26. ठेकेदार से मज़दूरी पाकर मज़दूर अपने घर चले गए।
27. पूजा समाप्त होने पर प्रसाद वितरण शुरू हुआ।
28. आँधी आने से फ़सलें तहस-नहस हो उठीं।
29. बढ़ई ने मेज़ बनाकर उसे रंग दिया।
30. भोर होते ही प्रकृति की नीरवता भंग होने लगी।

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Hindi

CBSE Class 9 English Letter Writing – Diary Entry

Diary Entry For Class 9 CBSE 

Diary writing is one of the most personal and informal categories of writing. A diary writing can be based on an experience, a scene, a description or narration of certain event or any other thing or activity that the writer considers worth writing in his personal diary.
In the examination, the question on diary writing is aimed to test your imaginative, creative and expressive skills.

You can master in English Grammar of various classes by our articles like Tenses, Clauses, Prepositions, Story writing, Unseen Passage, Notice Writing etc. https://www.cbselabs.com/cbse-class-9-english-letter-writing-dairy-entry/

GUIDELINES FOR DIARY WRITING
A diary entry has no fixed format or style of writing. However, a good diary entry does contain the following features:

1. A good diary writing contains the place, the date, the day and even the time of writing. For example:
   Agra
   20th July, 20XX
   Friday, 8:00 p.m.
2. A diary doesn’t need any formal heading. However, it is optional. If you want, you can give a suitable heading.
3. The style and tone is generally informal and personal. However, it depends on the subject. Sometimes the tone can be philosophical and reflective too. You can freely express your viewpoints and feelings.
4. As the diary is writer’s personal document, the diary entry doesn’t need any signature. It is totally optional.
5. You can evolve your own suitable style depending on the topic of your writing.

As per the CBSE syllabus, you are required to write a diary/article in about 100-120 words.

Diary Entry CBSE Class 9

More Resources for CBSE Class 9

• NCERT Solutions
• NCERT Solutions Class 9 Maths
• NCERT Solutions Class 9 Science
• NCERT Solutions Class 9 Social Science
• NCERT Solutions Class 9 English
• NCERT Solutions Class 9 Hindi
• NCERT Solutions Class 9 Sanskrit
• NCERT Solutions Class 9 IT
• RD Sharma Class 9 Solutions

SOLVED EXAMPLES

Diary Entry Format For Class 9 CBSE Question 1:
You recently visited the 24th Crafts Mela at Suraj Kund, Faridabad. It was Mini India assembled at one place. Using the hints, make a diary entry of what you saw and experienced there.
Hints: • More than 20 states of India represented • Rajasthan—the theme state • Participation of foreign countries • cultural programmes, dances at ‘Chaupal’ and ‘Rangmanch’ • Food courts catering all kinds of foods • arts and handicrafts
from the awarded artisans.
Answer:
New Delhi
20th March, 20XX
Monday, 8:00 pm

Dear Diary,
The Crafts Mela at Suraj Kund was much more impressive and grand than what I had imagined. This year the ‘Theme State’ was Rajasthan. The whole campus was painted with the visuals of Ranthambore, Chittor, Jodhpur and Jaisalmer. It was Mini India assembled on a few hundred acres of land. All the awarded artisans from different states had set up their workshops and stalls there. Many countries, more particularly Pakistan, Nepal and Afghanistan gave it an international look. Bangles, jewellery decoration pieces, wall-hangings, purses, shoes, sarees, garments and cosmetics found thousands of buyers. Every evening there were cultural shows at the ‘Chaupal’ and the ‘Rangmanch’. The ‘Food Court’ provided all kinds of delicacies for food-lovers. Basically, it was India in all its colours, tastes and sounds scattered on the Aravalli hills.
Sameer

Diary Entry Class 9 CBSE Question 2:
You paid a visit to an ‘Old Home’ with other N.S.S. Volunteers. Using the hints given below together with your own ideas, make a diary entry of what you saw and experienced there.
Hints: • Old home • Mostly senior citizens above 60 • Peaceful surroundings • Spacious • Clean rooms and baths • Regular Medical check-ups • a good library • Means of recreation • A home away from home.
Answer:
Bhiwadi
10th March, 20XX
Monday, 4:00 pm

Dear Diary,
With the disintegration of the joint family system, the old people find themselves deserted and alone. It is unfortunate that in the evening of their lives, they are not looked after by their childem. The concept of ‘Old homes’ is for such old people. I made it a point to visit the ‘Old Home’ at Bhiwadi. The Home is situated at a peaceful place. The building is simple but spacious and clean. It seems to be an ideal place for the senior citizens.
A doctor visits the Home daily to check up the senior citizens. There is a permanent nurse employed to look after and give them medicine on time. The home has a good library and several means of recreation All the inmates showered their parental love by insisting on having lunch with us. What a satisfying and rewarding visit it was to meet our grand paas and grannies!
Sonu

Diary Entry Format CBSE Class 9 Question 3:
While going home you came across many children on the roads at crossroads with begging bowls in their hands. Your are shocked and disgusted at this unflattering picture of a country which boasts of being a major economy in the world. Record your experience in your diary.
Answer:
Agra
20th April, 20XX
Sunday, 6:00 pm

Dear Diary,
They say that India is emerging as a major economy in the world. But it is more true that India has the largest army of poor people, paupers and beggars. Hence, millions of people in India are condemned to begging. I am shocked to see hundreds of shabby looking people in rags shouting in woeful tones, “Baba, give me something for God’s sake”. No country can become great if its children are condemned to lead such miserable lives. If millions of children live in such inhuman conditions, dirt and poverty, it is a matter of shame for the government and the civilized society of India. Every child must have a constitutional right to get proper food, clothes and education. It is true that begging has also become a lucrative profession for some bad characters. They kidnap small children and raise them to beggars. The other side of the story is also true. Millions of hands in this country don’t get any jobs to earn a living. They resort to begging.
Kit

Diary Writing For Class 9 CBSE Question 4:
Indian weddings are matchless in grandeur, glamour and luxury. They are matchless in wastage, extravagance and vulgar display of money and wealth. Record your experience of such marriages in your diary.
Answer:
New Delhi
20th June, 20XX
Sunday, 7:00 pm

Dear Diary,
They say that Indian weddings are matchless in glory, grandeur and glamour. In comparison, weddings in Europe and America pale into insignificance. The other side of the story is that Indian marriages are matchless in wastage, extravagance and vulgar display of money and wealth. Recently I happened to attend one such big marriage. About five thousand guests were invited to the ‘barat ’ or the wedding party. A township of stalls serving hundreds of dishes, drinks and sweets had come up on the sprawling lawns of a five star hotel. The ceremony lasted till midnight. Even by a conservative estimate it was a show worth in crores. Surely this amount would have been sufficient to feed all the beggars and orphans of the city for months.It speaks volumes of disparity that has become the main feature of Indian society. A small minority grabs all the riches and wealth of the nation. The extravagance and vulgar display in Indian marriages are at the cost of the starving millions.
Arpit

Diary Writing CBSE Class 9 Question 5:
Taking help from the information given below, make a diary entry describing how you caught a thief red-handed one night,
Hints: • A beautiful evening • the family had a nice dinner • watched TV • went to sleep • sleep was disturbed • heard some commotion • got suspicious • switched on the light • parents also got up • found things in a mess • someone had come there • the search began • no one was found at last • my eyes fell on the shoes behind a curtain • he was the thief • all pounced on him caught • handed over to the police.
Answer:
New Delhi
14th August, 20XX
Tuesday, 9:30 pm

Dear Diary,
It was a pleasant August evening. Generally, the whole family dine together. We enjoyed a nice dinner and then watched, a TV serial for an hour. Then, I retired to my bedroom and soon fell.asleep. Around midnight, my sleep was disturbed. I heard some movement and commotion.Who could be at this odd hour? I stood up and switched on the light. My movements woke up my parents, too. We were surprised to see the cupboards open and things lying on the floor in a mess. My parents were worried. But there was one consolation. The cash and jewellery were safe. The search for the thief began. My uncles and cousins also joined us. All that toil and trouble didn’t bring any result. Suddenly, I noticed some movement behind a curtain in the living room. And Lo! The thief was hiding there. All of us pounced on him. Before he could react, he was tied down. The police was informed and he was arrested on the spot. Good luck indeed! Thank God, everybody was safe and sound. There was no loss except for a few hours of our sweet sleep.
Karan

Diary Entry Questions For Class 9 CBSE Question 6:
Taking help from the information given below make a diary entry describing how you became a perfect swimmer.
Hints: • At the NDMC swimming pool • suddenly a sturdy and muscular boy came • he mocked me saying “Hey skinny!” • before I could react • was thrown into the pond • the deeper end • at the bottom • didn’t know how to swim • my hands and legs paralysed • found myself lying at the side • decided to be a perfect swimmer • employed a trainer • made me work for hours in the pool taught me inhaling and exhaling • my hard work was rewarded • I had become a perfect swimmer.
Answer:
New Delhi
10th May, 20XX
Monday, 8:30 pm

Dear Diary,
Misfortunes never follow a calendar. They come uninvited. I was sitting at the deeper side of the NDMC swimming pool. A strong and sturdy boy came. He mocked me by saying, “Hey skinny!” Before I could react, the muscular rascal pushed me into the pool. I found myself at the bottom. The depth of the pool was not less than nine feet. I didn’t know how to swim. I struggled to come up. My arms and legs were totally paralysed. I felt suffocated. I thought that my end was near. Later on, when I came to senses, I found myself vomiting at the other end of the pool. I pledged myself to become a perfect swimmer. I employed a professional trainer. He was a hard taskmaster and made me sweat three hours for weeks. He taught me inhaling, exhaling and diving into the pool. My hard labour and my trainer’s professional coaching were rewarded. I participated in a swimming competition organised by a local club. And the most unexpected happened. I led the rest by a comfortable margin. My dream had come true. I had become a perfect swimmer.
Rohan

Diary Entry Format Class 9 CBSE Question 7:
You spent a week with your friend in his village ‘Kovlam’, near the famous beach of the same name. Taking help from the information given below and inventing your own details, make a diary entry of what you saw and experienced in ‘God’s Own Country’.
Hints: • Kerala • God’s Own Country • invited by my friend to spend a week in Kerala • Christmas holidays • Kovlam village • near the famous beach • sea and surf • lush green surroundings • coconuts and palms • sprawling paddy fields«fishing« a memorable stay.
Answer:
New Delhi
10th March, 20XX
Friday, 8:00 pm

Dear Diary,
They say that Kerala is God’s Own Country. And rightly so. If any place can match Kashmir’s beauty and greenery, it is Kerala. I didn’t want to miss an opportunity to visit Kerala. So I accepted the invitation of my friend Suresh Nambiar to spend a week at his village Kovlam. The place is about 20 miles away from Thiruvanathapuram. Kovlam is known for its world famous beach. It is basically a fishermen’s village. The whole place is wrapped in greenery. Coconuts and palm trees stand over the sprawling green paddy fields. We used to spend a lot of time fishing in a nearby pond. We often enjoyed a boat ride in the canal. What is Kerala without the surf and the sea? So we would spend hours either strolling or taking a sea-bath or lying on the golden beach. Kerala is rich in tea, coffee, rubber plantations and spices. I was lucky to enjoy the fascinating Kathakali dance. But the thing that I can never forget in my life was the Ayurvedic oil massage in one of the local health resorts. It was really a memorable stay.
Kiyaan

Diary Entry Topics For Class 9 CBSE Question 8:
Taking help from the information given below make a diary entry describing the decency and humane side displayed by a conductor in a DTC bus recently.
Hints: • Bus conductors • not particularly known for decency and decorum • most of them foul mouthed and arrogant • I was travelling from Old Delhi to Pitampura • conductor came • I had my ticket but my purse was not in my pocket • forgotten at home • conductor • simply smiled and paid from his own pocket»I thanked him • never seen such a fine specimen of humanity.
Answer:
New Delhi
16th February, 20XX
Thursday, 8:00 pm

Dear Diary,
Many stories of arrogance, bad temper and indifference can often be heard from the victims of bus conductors. I never had a very good opinion of bus conductors in general. But a recent experience of mine doesn’t justify my prejudice against them. Last Sunday I was travelling by DTC bus no. 88 from Old Delhi to Pitampura. I had my ticket. The moment I put my hand to pay him the amount, I was shocked. The purse was not in the pocket. Perhaps I had forgotten it at home. Another conductor would have behaved quite differently. I became nervous. I felt like an idiot who knew not what he should do. But my friend, the conductor, just gave a mild smile. He simply said, “It’s all right! Don’t worry. Let me pay for you. You can pay it back if you meet me again.” I was not prepared for such a humane gesture. I thanked him again and again. He was just like a good angel who had come to save me from an unexpected humiliation and embarrassment. I don’t entertain uncharitable opinions about bus conductors any more after the incident.
Vaibhav

Diary Writing Format Class 9 CBSE Question 9:
Taking help from the information given below make a diary entry describing the horrible experience that you had when your shoes and the main bag were stolen during a railway journey.
Hints: • Travelling by Rajdhani Express • got admission in Delhi College of Engineering • going to take admission quite a pleasant journey • had a nice sleep • Delhi was quite near • I got up to wear my shoes • stolen • the main bag missing • documents and money • lost my wits • no money • phoned a relative • he came with shoes and clothes.
Answer:
New Delhi
5th April, 20XX
Friday, 7:00 pm

Dear Diary,
Life is so unpredictable. I was in high spirits when I boarded the Rajdhani Express from Bhopal to Delhi. After all, I got admission in Delhi College of Engineering, a prestigious institute of Delhi. I relished the compliments and good wishes that I received from my parents and friends who came to see me off. I found my seat in the compartment. It was quite comfortable and near the window. The journey was nice and so were my co-passengers. I had a nice sleep. When I got up in the morning, the train was near Delhi. I got up to wear my shoes. They were not there. I looked for them under the seats but they were missing. And O Lord! Where was my main bag? It was missing too. Certainly they were stolen. All my documents and cash were in the bag. I lost my wits. But then an idea came into my mind. I rang one of my relatives in Delhi and informed him of the miserable situation I was in. To my great relief, a gentleman was present at the platform with the pair of shoes and my bag. It seems that he was a good angel who was sent to save me from an unexpected humiliation and embarrassment.
Ankit

Class 9 Diary Entry CBSE Class 9 Question 10:
Taking help from the information given in the input below, record your experience in your diary of the morning when your name appeared in the CBSE CPMT list.
Hints: • Exams over • waiting for the results of CPMT Test • lot of anxiety • hope and fear • dream of becoming a doctor • in God’s hands • couldn’t sleep • got up early • rushed to the newspaper in God! • my name was there • dream came true • could hope to serve the nation and society • a noble profession • service to suffering humanity.
Answer:
New Delhi
5th April, 20XX
Friday, 7:00 pm

Dear Diary,
Students wait for the results as farmers dream of a good harvest. Exams were over. But still I was worried and anxious. I was waiting for the CPMT results. I belong to a lower income group. My parents took all pains to give me the best possible education in one of the most prestigious schools of Delhi. Their dream was my dream too. I always dreamed of becoming a doctor. This noble profession always attracted me. I never care for money but always wish to serve the suffering humanity as a devoted doctor. We were expecting the results the next day. I had quite a sleepless night. I was tom between hope and despair. Everything was in the hands of God. I got up early in the morning. The moment the newspaper was dropped, I rushed towards it. When I opened the third page, I didn’t have much difficulty in finding my name there. The dream had come true. Soon the phone bells started ringing. My neighbours, friends, teachers and relatives congratulated me on my grand success. My parents were proud of my achievement. Now I could join that noble profession and be trained to serve the suffering humanity.
Nisha

Question 11:
You are Abhimanyu of ABC Public School, Gwalior. Your debut in a cricket match was a great event of your life. Taking help from the information given below, make a diary entry on ‘My Debut in a Cricket Match’.
Hints: • Cold • January-March morning • but I was excited • I had got a place in my college cricket team • inter-school competition • final match • was to bat at one down • Sunny Public School • our rival won the toss • we chose to field first • Sunny made a formidable 320 runs • our openers were out cheaply • heart beating • first over was furious • determined to stay • got the rhythm stroking the ball well • completed half century • losing my companions • only 5 runs short of my century and a great win»achieved it in style.
Answer:
Gwalior
10th April, 20XX
Monday, 8:00 pm

Dear Diary,
Even Don Bradman must have his heart-beat fast during his debut in cricket. I am a much small mortal in comparison. It was 20th of March. A cloudy and cold morning. But I was highly excited. My dream had come true. I was going to play for my cricket team in the final of inter­school competition. The rival was the last year’s champion, Sunny Public School. We won the toss but elected to field first. Our rival was a strong batting side and made a formidable total of 320 runs. On such a supporting wicket it was not an easy job. To make things worse, both of our opening batsmen were out cheaply. I came at number three. I was a little scared. I made rather a shaky start. Then I gained confidence and chose the bad balls for boundaries. No doubt, the bowling was furious and hostile but I was determined to stay. My luck favoured me. But I started losing my companions one by one. I needed nine runs to complete both, my maiden century and of course, the championship. I did it in style by sending the ball over the head of the fielders for a mighty six. I was lifted on the shoulders by my team-mates. I was given a standing ovation by all those who were present there in the stadium. The sound of cheers still rings in my ears and the thrill of my successful debut will never fade away from my memory.
Abhimanyu

Question 12:
You are Anurag/Anuradha of City Public School, Deogarh. Last night you had a really horrible dream. Taking help from the input given below, make a diary entry on ‘A Horrible Dream that I had Last Night’.
Hints: • Life is just a dream • sometimes dreams come to me • the dream I had last night might never come true • first day in the exam • highly worried and confused • paper very difficult • memory failed me • couldn’t have right answers in mind • similar experience in other papers • results out • faced lot of humiliation and embarrassment • opened my eyes • it was a mere dream • God forbid it may ever come true.
Answer:
Deogarh
10th December, 20XX
Tuesday, 8:00 pm

Dear Diary,
People say life itself is a dream — a ‘maya’. And people also say that sometimes dreams do come true. God forbid it. I shudder to think what happens if the dream that I had last night comes true. It was really a bad dream. I was appearing in the Board-examination. It was the first day of the examination. I had the question paper in my hand. But I was highly worried, confused and irritated. It was rather a difficult paper. My memory simply failed. The right answer would not come to my mind. When I left the examination hall, I was really dejected and disillusioned. The same thing was repeated in other papers too. Then I dreamed that the results were out. My name was not there in the list of successful candidates. I cried and tears came into my eyes. It looked as if my academic career was over. Certainly, all my dreams and hopes ended in smoke. I dreamed that my classmates, teachers and neighbours were trying to console me. O God, what a humiliating and embarrassing situation! When my mother woke me up in the morning, I realised that it was just a bad dream. Life was as sweet and exciting now as it was before going to bed last night.
Anuradha

Question 13:
You are Alka/Anand of P.S. Public School, New Delhi. You were one of the participants in the ‘Run for Unity’ race that was organised in New Delhi recently. Taking help from the input given below, make a diary entry describing your experience of participating in such a historic event that was flagged off by the Prime Minister himself.
Hints: • New regime comes with new thoughts and ideas • Modi known for his drives and dynamism • Sardar Patel rediscovered • highest statue in die world • Patel’s birthday celebrated in grand style • A mini-marathon ‘Run for Unity’ organised in New Delhi • PM flaged off • thousands participated * Bollywood actors, industrialists, sportspersons.
Answer:
New Delhi
12th November, 20XX
Wednesday, 7:00 pm

Dear Diary,
Ideas and ideals change with the change of persons and governments. The new Prime Minister of India, Narendra Modi is known for his dash, drive and dynamism. Whatever he does, he does it in style. Sardar Patel, the Iron Man of India, was the man responsible for uniting all the princely states of India into a single nation — the Union of India. Patel and his importance seems to have been rediscovered. Sardar Patel’s birthday has been given a symbolic significance. Highlighting his contribution to the unity of India, the government organised a mini-marathon ‘Run for Unity’ on Patel’s birthday. Thousands of people assembled on the Vijay Chowk. The crowd included a galaxy of Bollywood stars, industrialists, students, ministers and men of letters. The Prime Minister himself flagged off the race. I was one of the lucky persons who participated in that historic event. I was in my light blue track-suit and in sports shoes. The sight aroused patriotic feelings in me. I could see people from all walks of life running for the unity and integrity of India. I really felt proud to be a part of that historical national event.
Alka

Question 14:
You are Saira of Hamida Public School, Indore. You celebrated your eighteenth birthday with a lot of pomp and show with your family, friends and relatives. Taking help from the information given below, describe the happy experience in your personal diary. You can invent your own details.
Hints: • 18th birthday • an important milestone in the life of a girl • my family had decided to celebrate in grand style • all friends, relatives and classmates invited • my mother helped me in choosing my dress • decorations • lighting • birthday cake • songs and dance • congratulations • wonderful gifts «grand dinner • celebration continued till midnight.
Answer:
Indore
10th March, 20XX
Sunday, 7:00 pm

Dear Diary,
They say that the eighteenth year is an important stage in the life of a girl. Now you are no more taken to be a child but start attracting attention and importance from your seniors. My family had decided to celebrate my 18th birthday in grand style. Preparations started a week before. All the relatives, neighbours, my friends and classmates were invited. My mother and younger sister were particularly busy and excited. They helped me in choosing the night dress, shoes and jewellery for the occasion. The huge living room was tastefully decorated with lights and flowers. By 4 pm, most of the guests had arrived. The cake-ceremony started with the chanting of “Happy birthday to you! Happy birthday to Saira!” The ceremonial cake was cut. It was followed by singing and dancing. Everyone competed to dance with me. I really felt importance of grown up. It was quite late when the dinner was served. The celebration continued till midnight. Wonderful gifts, good wishes and the festive mood kept me in high spirits and elated.
Saira

Question 15:
You are Arun/Aruna of Kabir Public School, Bhopal. You and your family had to face a lot of pleasant and not so pleasant experiences when an uninvited guest overstayed with you recently. Taking help from the information given below, make a diary entry describing your experiences.
Hints: • Guests are welcome • but only for a short period • uninvited guests create problems and inconveniences • Ram Lai, a distant relative of my mother • stormed into the house uninvited • no news • created a lot of inconvenience • accommodated in a separate room • sets of new clothes • towels • cosmetics • strictly vegetarian • didn’t allow meat and fish in the kitchen • witty and humorous • sang folk songs • but ultimately a nuisance • didn’t think of leaving •   fortunately his son came to take him • we were relieved of an unwanted burden.
Answer:
Bhopal
5th September, 20XX
Saturday, 6:00 pm

Dear Diary,
People say guests are like gods. They should be respected. But experiences of .the people tell different stories. There can’t be a bigger nuisance in the house when an uninvited and unwanted guest has to be entertained. The situation becomes all the more unbearable when such a guest overstays threatening the peace and privacy of the family. Ram Lai, a distant relative of my mother stormed into our house uninvited. Actually, we were not prepared to entertain him at that point of time. Anyway, I had to leave my room for him. A new blanket, a set of clothes, a towel, a pair of shoes and cosmetics were arranged for his comfortable stay. He was a strict vegetarian and religious minded person. He couldn’t tolerate meat and eggs in the kitchen. He would test the patience of our ears by singing hymns in his raucous voice. Let’s give due even to the Devil. He was very witty and full of jokes. But that was a little compensation for his overstay. The peace and privacy of the family totally disappeared. But people say everything has an end. And one day Lai’s son came to take him to his native village. We felt relieved and liberated after seeing him off at the station.
Arun

Question 16:
You are Raju/Ranjana of Salwan Public School, New Delhi. You are motivated by the ‘Clean India Campaign’ of the Prime Minister and participated in it in your own way in your colony. Taking help from the input write a diary entry on the subject.
Hints: • PM’s ‘Swachha Bharat Abhiyan’ • motivated millions of youngmen like me • called a meeting of all young boys and girls • volunteers • started removing dirt • bought new bins • distributed pamphlets • enlightened public • good results • appreciable change in the mindsets • things in die right direction • I feel proud of myself and my companions.
Answer:
New Delhi
12th October, 20XX
Friday, 7:00 pm

Dear Diary,
It seems that our Prime Minister has felt the real pulse of the nation. His ‘Swachha Bharat Abhiyan’ or ‘Clean India Campaign’ has inspired and motivated millions of students, young men and women of India. I was highly impressed and motivated and wanted to be a part of the campaign. I started talking to my friends and it didn’t take long to convince them. So we had a volunteer army of fifty dedicated young boys and girls. First of all, we started removing garbage and dirt from those comers in the area which had not been touched for months. We bought a few bins for garbage from the money we collected from the residents. In the beginning, the residents were not amused but gradually their indifference disappeared. We launched a public awakening campaign. We prepared posters and distributed pamphlets urging the residents to make ‘Clean India Campaign’ a real success. Gradually our labour started showing positive results. There was an appreciable change in the mindset of the residents. Even housewives came out openly in our support. I felt proud of myself and the dedicated band of volunteers who helped me in this campaign. Such things arouse patriotic feelings and sense of unity among the people.
Raju

Question 17:
You are Raghu/Ragini of Swan Public School, Karnal. You were a witness of a ghastly fire in the market. The firemen showed an exceptional bravery and saved the life of woman who was trapped inside a room on the first floor. Taking help from the input, make a diary entry narrating the whole ghastly incident and the bravery of the firemen.
Hints: • Mandi area • highly crowded and congested • narrow lanes • godowns of inflammable articles • a devastating fire • short circuit • fire brigade reached within minutes • firemen showed exceptional heroism • a lady trapped inside a room on the first floor • two firemen jumped into flames • saved the woman • real heroes • huge loss • heroism of firemen saved a precious life • I still remember their selfless sacrifice and heroism.
Answer:
Kamal Mandi
10th June, 20XX
Thursday, 8:00 pm

Dear Diary,
Kamal Mandi is the nerve-centre of the city. But it is a highly crowded and congested place. It is a commercial place with narrow lanes. There are many godowns and warehouses which store some highly inflammable articles. When I was standing in a shop, I could see a huge cloud of smoke rising from the other end of the market. Soon there was a lot of commotion and people ran towards the site with buckets of water and sand in their hands. I could see flames rising higher in the sky. The wind aggravated the situation. The firebrigade was on the scene within a few minutes. And at once the dedicated firemen were on their toes to do their job. A woman was trapped in the flames on the first floor of a building. Two brave firemen mounted on a ladder and jumped into the flames. We were amazed at their bravery. Soon they came out with the woman and received loud cheers from the crowds below. The loss of property was in crores but a precious life was saved. The exceptional bravery and heroism of the firemen has made an indelible impression on my mind for ever.
Raghu

Question 18:
lt was the happiest day of your life when the Principal of your school informed you and your parents that you topped the list of successful candidates in your zone. Then started the endless ringing of telephone bells. Congratulatory messages started pouring in from friends and relatives. All the neighbours came to congratulate you on your grand success. At the end of the day, you were so much overwhelmed by happiness and excitement that you made a diary entry of the sequence of events on that fateful day. Reproduce that entry here inventing your own details.
Answer:
Ambala
10th March, 20XX
Monday, 6:00 pm

Dear Diary,
Life is full of surprises. I couldn’t sleep the previous night. The next morning the results of the Board were to be announced. Then suddenly at 9 am, we heard a telephone ring. I ran to receive it. My Principal was on the line. “Congratulations my boy! You have topped the list of successful candidates in the Ambala Zone. We are proud of you!” He also congratulated my parents.Then started the non-stop congratulatory messages from my teachers, class fellows, friends and relatives. My parents were busy in distributing ‘laddoos’. I felt like a celebrity. And a celebrity I was. Two correspondents of leading news channels came to interview me. I only felt that nothing succeeds like success and thanked my stars.
Yash

Question 19:
You went to see the India International Trade Fair held at Pragati Maidan, New Delhi. Using the hints given below together with your ideas on the subject, make a diary entry of what you saw and experienced there.
Hints: • As usual IITF was held at pragati maidan • all leading countries participated • Chinese dominated the show • all states • separate pavillions • all states of india • kashmir and goa drew maximum crowds • cultural programmes • Food Courts • from pin to luxury coaches • high prices dampened the spirit.
Answer:
New Delhi
16th June, 20XX
Thursday, 8:00 pm

Dear Diary,

A visit to the International Trade Fair has always been a rewarding experience for me. Four of my close friends accompanied me there. It was a different world over there. To be precise, it was a fairy land. The pavillions of Germany, Canada, the USA, China and Great Britain attracted a large crowd.
India was represented by almost all states and establishments like the Indian Railways, Indian Tourism, LIC, Tatas and what not. The ‘Food Courts’ served all tastes from Pizzas to ‘Chholey Bhatturey ’. We bought pairs of shoes, mobiles and garments. The fair provided opportunities for a lot of fun and entertainment. Film show, folk dances and puppet shows drew huge crowds. Anyway, it was a very pleasant and rewarding experience.
Neha

Question 20:
Indian summers are really unbearable. One day the maximum temperature shot up to 47°C.It was most miserable day of the year for you. Record the experience in your diary.
Answer:
Jhansi
20th July, 20
XX Friday, 8:00 pm

Dear Diary,
Indian summers can be really unbearable. And who can live in peace and comport when the heat waves, start blowing over the plains of north India. It was 20th of July, 20XX, the most miserable day of my life. It was certainly the hottest day of the season. By noon the heat became unbearable. To avoid dehydration, we had already had several litres of cold water. I had to go to the market. I forgot to wear a cap. By the time I reached home, I was very miserable and started vomiting. To make things still worse, there was a breakdown of electric power during most part of the night. Without the working of fans and air-conditioners, we felt miserable. We spent a sleepless and miserable night.
Swaragini

My School Essay

CBSE Class 9 English Letter Writing – Articles

Formulae Handbook for Class 9 Maths and ScienceEducational Loans in India

II. ARTICLES

Article Writing For Class 9 CBSE 

The students will be asked to attempt a long piece of composition of minimum 100-120 words in length. The composition will be in the form of an article. The students may be provided with a verbal or visual input. They can take help from the given input, information or notes and can expand them in their own language to 100-120 words. Sometimes the given input can be in the form of a figure, a diagram or a cartoon. The aim of the examiner by inserting an input is only to provide clues along which the article has to be developed. The subject on which the article can be based may be burning social, cultural, economic, ethical, behavioural, religious and political issues. You may be asked to write an article on any topic under the sun.

You can master in English Grammar of various classes by our articles like Tenses, Clauses, Prepositions, Story writing, Unseen Passage, Notice Writing etc. https://www.cbselabs.com/cbse-class-9-english-letter-writing-articles/

GENERAL GUIDELINES FOR ARTICLE WRITING

1. Always study the given input, information or notes carefully.
2. Arrange them in a systematic order.
3. Develop each point in a simple, grammatically correct language.
4. Your article must present your ideas not in a sketchy but in a coherent and logical manner. Develop your writing into paragraphs.
5. Confine yourself to the given subject. Superfluous and unnecessary details must be avoided at all cost.

Article Writing Class 9 CBSE 

More Resources for CBSE Class 9

• NCERT Solutions
• NCERT Solutions Class 9 Maths
• NCERT Solutions Class 9 Science
• NCERT Solutions Class 9 Social Science
• NCERT Solutions Class 9 English
• NCERT Solutions Class 9 Hindi
• NCERT Solutions Class 9 Sanskrit
• NCERT Solutions Class 9 IT
• RD Sharma Class 9 Solutions

SOLVED EXAMPLES

Article Writing Topics For Class 9 CBSE  Question 1:
Taking help from the verbal input given below along with your own views, write an article on ‘Cleaning and Rejuvenating the Ganga’. You are Nikhi/Neha.
Hints: • Cleaning the Ganga • an unprecedented national social effort • Govt, committed to clean and rejuvenate the Ganga • SC not satisfied • a time bond proposal to fulfill the mission • inland waterways • river navigation • extending sewerage infrastructure • prevent open defecation • restoring wholesomeness of the Ganga • development of ghats • Zero liquid discharge by   industries • provisions for public amenities for pilgrims and tourists.
Answer:
Cleaning and Rejuvenating the Ganga                                                                                       —Nikhi/Neha
The Ganga is not merely a river for all the Indians and more particularly to the Hindus, but it is the lifeline of India and the physical and spiritual nourisher of crores of its people. It is a symbol of India’s great heritage, ancient traditions, cultures, songs and stories. We can’t think of India without the Ganga and the Himalayas. Unfortunately, the sacred Ganga has become one of the most polluted rivers of the world in recent years. Fortunately, the Modi government has shown its commitment to clean and rejuvenate the Ganga. Uma Bharti heads a specially created ministry for cleaning the holy river. Cleaning the Ganga will be an unprecedented national social effort. What makes the Ganga a heavily polluted river? Various factors and causes contribute to make the river what it is. The worst criminals are more than one thousand industries that discharge their toxic wastes into the river. The government will have to take strict measures to treat solid and liquid discharges making them totally pollution free. The sewerage infrastructure will have to be exteftded and updated. The people residing on the banks will be involved and enlightened. Burning and throwing of dead bodies into the river must be stopped. Open defecation on the banks will have to be stopped.
Development of ghats at Kedamath, Haridwar, Varanasi, Kanpur, Allahabad and Patna is an important feature of the plan. Provisions for public amenities for pilgrims and tourists will be made. Inland waterways river navigation will be another priority.

Article Writing Format Class 9 CBSE Question 2:
Taking help from the information given below and inventing your own ideas, write an article on ‘Swachha Bharat Abhiyan’ or ‘Clean India Campaign’.
Hints: • ‘Swachha Bharat Abhiyan’ • announced by the PM on 15th August, 2014 • launched on 2nd October • addressed public rally at Rajpath • himself swept a parking at Mandir Marg Police Station and pavement in Valmiki Basti • aims to accomplish the vision ‘Clean India’ by 2019 • 3 million govt, employees and students to participate • responsibility of all 1.25 billion Indians • not only the responsibility of ‘Safai Kaamgar’ • mission beyond politics • inspired by patriotism • good response on the social media.
Answer:
Swachha Bharat Abhiyan or Clean India Campaign                                                                            —Abhishek
Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched his nationwide cleanliness campaign, the ‘Swachha Bharat Abhiyan’ or ‘Clean India Campaign’ from the Valmiki Basti on 2nd October, 2014. Addressing the nation at the launch, Modi asked 1.25 billion people to join the ‘ Swachha Bharat Abhiyan’ and promote it to everyone. Modi himself swept a pavement at Valmiki Basti, a colony of sanitary workers. Launching the campaign, Modi reminded the people that cleanliness is not only the responsibility of the ‘Safai Kamgars’ but also the responsibility of 1.25 billion Indians. The Prime Minister assured the nation that ‘Swachha Bharat Abhiyan’ is beyond politics.
The Prime Minister also started a social media campaign. He invited nine people to join the campaign and they would invite another nine people. He invited master blaster Sachin Tendulkar, Bolywood stars Aamir Khan, Priyanka Chopra, Salman Khan, Yoga Guru Baba Ramdev and industrialists like the Ambanis. The Prime Minister showed his deep concern at mothers and daughters going in the open to relieve themselves. More than 60% people in India defecate in the open. Constructing toilets in schools and villages, particularly for girls and women, would be the top priority for the government. The Prime Minister also pledged to people saying, “I would not litter and won’t allow anyone to do so”.

Article Writing Examples For Class 9 CBSE Question 3:
You happened to overhear the following conversation:
Rahul : Where have you planned to go during the summer holidays?
Jeevan: I wish I could go and enjoy boating on the Dal Lake.
Rahul : Is it safe to go to Kashmir now? Don’t you hear a lot about terrorism in the newspapers?
On hearing this dialogue you decide to write an article for a local daily on the need to provide security at tourist spots and suggest ways and means by which such spots could be made more attractive to tourists. Using ideas from the unit on ‘Travel and Tourism’ along with your own ideas, write the article.
Answer:
Tourism and Terrorism                                                                                                                       —Shifali
Kashmir is called the ‘Paradise on Earth’. It is quite unfortunate that this paradise is living in the shadow of terrorism. The peace and tranquility of the valley has been shattered by the acts of terrorism. The valley echoes with the bursts of bullets. Gone are the days when the Dal Lake was overtaken by the inflow of tourists from different parts of the world. Now empty hotels and unoccupied shikaras look towards tourists to occupy them. Tourism in the valley is in shambles. The biggest source of income to the state and the local people has disappeared. The unabated terrorism of the two decades has tarnished the grandeur and glory of Kashmir. Tourism and terrorism can’t go together. Law and order must be restored. The youth of Kashmir and other places of tourist interest have the biggest stake to maintain peace and harmony. Local handicrafts and artefacts are in great demand in every part of India. If peace and order is maintained, Kashmir will not take long to attain its old grandeur and glory.

Article For Class 9 CBSE Question 4:
Pramod/Pramila comes across the following visual in a magazine. He/She feels quite happy to see the progress made by India since its Independence. He/She decides to write an article for the school magazine on the topic entitled “India’s Progress since Independence”. Using ideas from the visual and your own ideas, write the article.

Answer:
India’s Progress Since Independence                                                                                   —Pramod/Pramila
India has paced with the times. It has made herculean efforts to change its old and discredited image. Till 1970s, India was considered to be a land of famines, droughts, beggars and snake charmers. But in the last three or four decades it has made a tremendous progress. India’s economic and industrial might has been universally recognised. Now India is being counted as one of the fastest emerging economies of the world. In 1960s, we had to depend on the mercy of the Western countries to survive. But now we are self-sufficient in food. India has emerged as the second largest paddy producer in the world. It is the second largest sugar producer as well. Mechanization of agriculture and the Green Revolution has led to the self-sufficiency despite rapid increase in population. With emphasis on Horticulture, India has emerged as the largest producer of fruits and the second largest producer of vegetables. The White Revolution has made India the largest producer of milk. The Indian pharma industry ranks 4th in the world. India has made rapid strides in defence preparedness. India’s progress in industry is really breathtaking. India’s progress in space technology only matches with the advanced nations of the world. India is on the move. It will attain new heights in future.
Disaster management programmes have not proved up to the mark and up to the task. The Government and the concerned agencies should provide comprehensive aids and help to the survivors, particularly the children. They must provide nutritious food, clothes, shelters and medical aids to them. All efforts should be made to wipe out the scars left by these disasters.

Article Class 9 CBSE Question 5:
Man is basically a social animal. He depends on others for his survival and existence. He has to work with others and must know how to get the best out of a team. Taking these ideas, write an article on ‘How to Get the Best out of a Team’.
Answer:
How to Get the Best out of a Team                                                                                                   —Surbhi
Man is a social animal. He can’t live in vacuum. He has to depend on others to make a living. He has to bond with others and be a part of a team. Working in a team is quite a challenge. One ha§ to adjust himself to the requirements of his team. A team must work like a well oiled machine. Only then it can produce great results. All the members of a team must work together selflessly to achieve a common aim or goal.
Working in a team is really a healer and a stress buster. Success or failure is not an individual’s responsibility. It is a collective responsibility. A good teamwork demands a perfect and effective communication between all the members of the team. A strong leadership controls the individuals and goad them to achieve the common goal. Conflicts are avoided. The focus is on unity and cooperation. Mutual jealousy and conflict of interests have no place in a team. Negative attitudes should be discouraged. Each member should have deep respect and appreciation of others’ abilities and skills.

Class 9 Article Writing CBSE Question 6:
Taking help from the information given below and inventing your own ideas, write an article on ‘Books—Our Best Companions’.
Hints: • Human relations can be deceptive and unreliable • Books—our best companions • Our friends and guides • Educative as well as informative.
Answer:
Books—Our Best Companions                                                                                                               —Yashita
Man is a social animal. He can’t live in isolation. Our human friends, relatives and companions can prove unreliable and treacherous. They can harm our interests. However, books are our real companions, friends and guides. They enrich humanity. They are a storehouse of knowledge. They have educative as well as informative value and importance. Let us live in the company of books. They will never betray or deceive us. We can look towards them for guidance, learning and entertainment. Shakespeare’s dramas have a universal appeal. Homer, Balmiki and Ved Vyas have given us immortal works. ‘The Ramayana ’ and ‘The Mahabharat ’ are read by millions of people. Keats’ poems are things of beauty that give us joy forever. Tagore’s ‘Gitanjali ’ transports us to a highly spiritual and philosophical world. Prem Chand’s ‘Godan ’ unfolds rustic life and its problems.
Books are our best companions. If you are alone, you can take up a book of your choice and taste it and very soon you become a part of it. Books on travels and adventures are not informative but also quite exciting. The biographies of great men like Lincoln and Gandhi can be a source of inspiration. It is never too late to enter the world of books. The sooner you enter, the better it is.

Article Topics For Class 9 CBSE Question 7:
Over the years there has been a steady increase in the number of students from different towns and cities of India seeking admission in colleges in the metropolitan cities. As a consequence, colleges in the metros have failed to accommodate the rising number of students due to severe shortage of seats. Write an article for your school magazine drawing attention to the anxiety and pressure faced by students during admission time. Suggest ways to combat the shortage of seats. You are Mohan/Mohita, a student of A.K. International School, Agra.
Answer:
Shortage of Seats in Colleges                                                                                                       —Mohan/Mohita
Over the years there has been a steady increase in the number of students seeking admission in colleges. Most of the students try to seek admission in colleges in the metropolitan cities. Hence, the colleges in the metros have failed to accommodate the rising number of students due to severe shortage of seats. During the last decade, the number of students seeking admission has been rising by 10,000 students every year. The number of seats has remained stationary for the last five years. The result is quite disappointing. Thousands of students miss out their chance of getting higher education. Many others have to console themselves by enrolling themselves on the Correspondence Courses or the Distance Education coaching. The students as well as their parents have to face a lot of anxiety and pressure during the admission time.
The concerned authorities can’t sleep over the problem any longer. The problem should be given the top priority. It demands a comprehensive solution. The colleges in the metros must take immediate steps to increase the number of seats. Another practical suggestion is to make provision for evening classes in the colleges. Evening classes in all the colleges can accommodate most of the students who can’t get admission in the regular Day-colleges. Guest lecturers must be appointed to serve the needs. The authorities must wake up before it is too late.

Article Format Class 9 CBSE Question 8:
You are Mansi. You visited “The Green Gardens Resort” during the holidays. Write an article for your school magazine about why the place attracted you. Include the following:
Hints: • Accessibility • Reasonable charges • Hygienic surroundings • Scenic beauty • Facilities   available.
Answer:
The Green Gardens Resort                                                                                                                       —Mansi
During the autumn vacation, I visited the Green Gardens Resort near Ooty. Situated in the scenic Neelgiri hills, it is really a wonderful resort. It is about ten kilometres from Ooty on the Wellington road. Wrapped in the lush green surroundings, it is just a paradise on earth.
The Green Gardens Resort is spread out in approximately ten acres. It is a luxury resort that caters to the middle and upper-middle class tourists. It offers boarding and lodging with all modem amenities and comforts. The place is surrounded by terraced tea-gardens. Wherever eyes go, one can see only green tea plantations, forests and hills. In the middle of the resort, the main source of attraction is the oval shaped swimming pool. It has two tennis courts, a card room and a couple of billiard tables. The massage parlours and beauty saloons are the other attractions. The environment is divine and the ambience is just superb. It offers a peaceful and relaxed stay far from the madding crowd of the metros.

Article Writing Format For Class 9 CBSE Question 9:
Using the information given below with your own views, write an article on ‘War on Black Money in India’.
Hints: • Crackdown on black money • G20 summit in London • era of banking secrecy over • India, a strong supporter of the move • black money a political football in India • rather than looking for foreign hand battle must be waged at home, unless generated at home money can’t be transferred abroad • tax rates must be moderate and simple • time to push ahead the new direct tax code.
Answer:
War on Black Money in India                                                                                                                   —Amit
‘More smoke than light’ has been generated by the current outcry on black money. People think that there is a lot of money out there in Swiss banks. Black money does not remain black ,money for ever. A lot of foreign funds and investments come back to India as white money.Income generated through illegal activities is the basis for generating black money. Global terror business, drugs, arms dealing, real estate, hawala transactions, to name just a few, create ‘black money’.
Fortunately, the global crackdown on black money has begun. The G20 summit in London gave a clear message. The era of ‘banking secrecy’ is over. India is a strong supporter of this move. Black money has become a political football in India. Government must bite off only what it can chew. The success in getting black money depends on international actions and
cooperation among nations. Rather than looking for the foreign hand, the battle against black money must be waged at home. Unless black money is generated at home, unaccounted money can’t be transferred abroad. Centre and states need to work on reforms. Tax rates need to be moderate. The laws must be simple. There should be no temptation to evade. It is time to push ahead with a new direct tax code. This is a long drawn out battle and can be won with a lot of patience and sincerity on the part of the government and the people of the country.

Letter Writing Class 9 CBSE Question 10:
Using the information given in the input, write an article on ‘Child Labour and Battle for Child Rights in India’.
Hints: • Nobel Peace Prize 2014 to India’s Kailash Satyarathi and Malala Yousafzai of Pakistan • The 2001 national census • 12.6 million • aged 5-14 • 217 million children work • 120,000 children work in hazardous jobs • UNICEF estimates • India has the highest labourers under 14 • Article 24 of the constitution prohibits child labour • 32.7 lakh in rural areas • 10.8 lakh in urban areas • carpet industry in Mirzapur • bangle and glass industries in Firozabad • fireworks in Sivakasi.
Answer:
Child Labour and Battle for Child Rights in India                                                                           —Riya
Kailash Satyarthi brought laurels to the people of India for being awarded with the Nobel Peace Prize 2014 along with Malala for their battle for child safety. The world has appreciated the battle he fought for child rights for years. The term ‘Child Labour’ is actually the work that deprives children of their childhood. It destroys their potentiality and their dignity. In short, it is the kind of work that is mentally, physically, socially or morally dangerous and harmful to children. Child labour is the practice of having children engaged in economic activity, on part or full time basis. The constitution of India (Article 24) prohibits child labour below the age of 14 years in any factory or mine or castle or engaged in any other hazardous employment. But all these laws are mere dead words on paper. Crores of children have been compelled to work in hazardous industries. According to the 2001 national census, there are about 12.6 million children aged between 5 to 14 engaged in different sectors and economic activities. India has the highest number of labourers under 14 in the world. Even today there are 32.7 lakh children who are forced to work in rural and 10.8 lakh in urban areas. The carpet industry in Mirzapur and Bhadoi is notorious for exploiting and employing children. The glass and bangle industries in Firozabad have more than 20000 children working in hazardous and dangerous conditions. The diamond industry also employs thousands of children. The more recent report of the ILO claims that child labour is quite significant in Tamil Nadu’s fireworks, matches or incense sticks industries. About 20 million children are condemned to work as domestic labourers and in restaurants. Many NGOs like ‘Bachpan Bachao Andolan’ of Kailash Satyarathi are working sincerely to eradicate child labour in India. Only concerted efforts by the government, the NGOs and the public can eradicate this evil from our civilized society.

Article Writing Questions For Class 9 CBSE Question 11:
Seshadri is a boy who has survived more than 25 major accidents. It makes you wonder about the cause of accidents in the Indian cities. You decide to write an article for the school magazine titled ‘Driving India Crazy’. Taking ideas from the data given alongside and your own ideas write the article.

Answer:
Driving India Crazy                                                                                                                                   —Renu
Driving is no more a pleasure on Indian roads. Death stalks on the roads of major metros of India. Ironically, the capital of India has the dubious distinction of causing maximum deaths on its roads. About two thousand people lost their lives in accidents on the roads of Delhi.Bengaluru and Chennai are gradually catching up with Delhi. 490 people in Mumbai, 223 in Ahmedabad and 148 people died in road accidents in Kochi. Many persons may not be as lucky as Sehshadri who has survived more than 25 major accidents. The major cause of so many road accidents is the lack of road culture in India. People don’t follow the rules of the road. Rash and drunken drivers are the merchants of death. Drinking and driving has become the culture of the roads in India. The condition of roads is far from satisfactory. Pits and potholes cause many accidents. Haste and overtaking ultimately result in accidents and deaths. Better roads with adequate road signs and warnings are the need of the hour.

Articles For Class 9 CBSE Question 12:
In India we face a common scene of a large family living in unhealthy conditions. Write an article on how increase in population leads to reduced availability of health services and deteriorating sanitary conditions.
Answer:
Overpopulation and Unhealthy Living Conditions                                                                                     —Apurva
Overpopulation is the major threat that the nation is facing today. If we can’t put a hold on our bursting population, India will overtake China within thirty years. It will become the most populous country in file world. The population explosion has made a mockery of all our plans, developments and achievements. More and more people bring more and more poverty and miseries. The growing population is degrading the environment and the living standards of the people.
India has crossed a billion mark several years ago. We produce an Australia every year. More people means more mouths to feed. How will India feed its ever increasing population? People are increasing but the arable land, forests and natural resources are shrinking fast. And what about the health services? The less said the better. It will become increasingly difficult to provide ideal health services to so many people. Forests and green belts are disappearing. The environment and the ecology is being systematically destroyed. Providing shelters to so many people is a huge problem. Extremely unhealthy and unhygienic conditions prevail in all the metros of India. The Government must find out ways and means to control the rising population. China has imposed the one child system with wonderful success. They have freezed the population. Why can’t India? Anyone having more than one child must be heavily taxed. Those who cross the limit must be debarred from the public services. The family planning programme must be implemented in its true spirit.

Article Writing Class 9th CBSE Question 13:
You are a member of the Society for Prevention of Cruelty to Animals in your locality. The following Pie-chart reflects the attitude of the people towards animals. In response to this, write an article to be published in the forthcoming issue of ‘The Week’ on why animals are ill-treated and what can be done to prevent it. You are Ramesh/Ragini.

Answer:
Cruelty to Animals                                                                                                                                    —Ragini
Man suffers from a distorted complex. He always considers animals as inferior beings only fit for exploitation. Man has been using domestic and wild animals for his selfish ends.Many animal lovers joined together to form the ‘Society for Prevention of Cruelty to Animals ’. The society has been working for the well-being and welfare of animals for many years. Its main aim is to change the attitude and thinking of people towards animals. It is quite sad that animals continue to be ill-treated, tortured and killed according to the whims of the people. About 15% of the people entertain the belief that animals are man’s slaves. They use, misuse and torture them accordingly. About 50% of the people exploit animals for selfish ends. Horses and oxen are used for transport, carrying loads and in agricultural activities. Dogs, cats and many birds are domesticated for fun, entertainment and convenience. Wild animals like elephants, tigers, lions and deer are victims of poaching and killing. Animals are forced to do acrobatic feats in circus shows. Unfortunately, about 35% of people don’t think about the animals at all. They are totally indifferent to them.
The Government and the animal lovers must work together to bring a change in the attitude of the people. Animals should not be killed and poached for fun, furs or financial gains. They should be treated with kindness,s care and sympathy. Cruelty towards animals must be legally punished.

Article Writing For Class 9th CBSE Question 14:
Look at the histogram given below giving details of the disasters faced by people, especially the children in India who are most affected:

Write an article for a newspaper requesting the attention of agencies which have been involved in disaster management programmes to provide aid for these children so that they may be helped to get rid of these unhealthy fears and learn to live normal lives once again.
Answer:
Disaster Management for Kids                                                                                                                    —Kunal
Natural calamities generally bring death and disaster on a large scale. Tsunami, waves, earthquakes, floods, droughts and epidemics have taken a heavy toll of human lives, particularly the children. The children who survive these disasters suffer the most. They are condemned to lead a life full of misery, insecurity, want and fear. Only the concerted efforts of the Government and the agencies involved in disaster management can help them lead normal lives again.
The natural calamities have tragically affected the lives of about 15000 children in recent years in India. The Tsunami waves and earthquakes created havoc on a large scale. About 5430 children became homeless due to the Tsunami and 5438 were the victims of the earthquakes. Floods displaced 2602 and droughts affected 2035 children. Epidemics affected 1313 children. Out of these figures, 1093 children live constantly in general fear; 110 children have withdrawn socially; 20 children have become deaf and 16 of them can’t speak any more. More than 450 children can’t sleep at night while 1164 can’t concentrate on anything. The tragedy is that 21 of them have become blind, 43 asthmatic and 276 are still in shock. 566 suffer from frequent headache and stomachache. About 850 children fear water and sound and 117 have refused to go to school.
Disaster management programmes have not proved up to the mark and up to the task. The Government and the concerned agencies should provide comprehensive aids and help to the survivors, particularly the children. They must provide nutritious food, clothes, shelters and medical aids to them. All efforts should be made to wipe out the scars left by these disasters.

Letter Writing For Class 9 CBSE Question 15:
Take help from the following clues and write an article on ‘More Ads Than News and Features’.
Hints: • Ads and ads on TV • Ads dominate print media • Mint money; attract buyers and sellers • Create styles, trends and fashions • Diluted news and features
Answer:
‘More Ads Than News and Features’                                                                                                        —Kalpana
The world of liberalisation and globalisation has given birth to unsatiable consumerism. ‘Use and Throw’ is the slogan of the times. Things have to be sold. Selling gives money. And money makes the more go. One good commercial advertisement is worth more than hundreds of salesman. Such is the importance of advertisements in industry, trade, commerce and business. It is no exaggeration that on TV we have more ads than news. After every few minutes a ‘break’ is announced. And then starts a flood of commercial advertisements. You find the Shahanshah of Bollywood, Amitabh Bachchan selling Binani Cement. Then comes the ‘Badshah’ telling you to use ‘Fair and Lovely’ for your bright complexion. And our glittering damsels of Bollywood can’t be left behind. Ash sells L’Oreal; Katrina patronises ‘ Veet’ and Priyanka and Karina settling for ‘Bajaj Scooty’ and ‘Boro Plus’ respectively. News and features have become secondary. We have more adds than features or events.
TV, cinema, newspapers, magazines are full of advertisements. Ads are trend and style setters. Millions are earned just for a commercial advertisement of a few minutes! If things are to be sold then you can’t avoid patronising commercial advertisements. They are the lifeline of trade, business and the media.

Question 16:
A spate of rapes and murders of helpless young women in Delhi has shocked the conscience of the nation. Taking help from the information given below and inventing your own details, write an article on ‘Crime Against Women in Delhi’.
Hints: • Rape of a young woman at Dhaula Kuan • Rape and murder of a girl in Mangolpuri • Rape of a young lady in South Delhi • Kidnapping of a girl in East Delhi
Answer:
Crime Against Women in Delhi                                                                                                                     —Amit
Delhi has earned the dubious distinction of being the crime capital of India. Life has become quite uncertain and unsafe in Delhi. The capital of India has become a grazing ground for kidnappers, rapists and murderers of women. The recent gang-rape of a young woman at Dhaula Kuan, and the rapes, murders and kidnappings in different parts of Delhi have shocked the whole nation. All the tall claims of Delhi Police to provide security to women have been proved totally hollow and false. Everyday we find news of crimes against women in the columns of newspapers or on TV channels.
Delhi is different from other metros like Mumbai or Kolkata so far crimes against women are concerned. A young woman can walk on the roads of Kolkata even at night but not in Delhi. Here, young ladies can’t venture to go out alone after the sun sets. Why has Delhi earned this notoriety? Of late, Delhi has developed a culture that has given birth to a class of criminals. They don’t have faith in traditional Indian culture which equates all other women to our sisters, daughters and mothers. The consumer culture equates women to a commodity. Young women from the North-east are the softest targets. The war against criminals must be fought on two fronts. First, the Delhi Police must ensure safety to women by regular patrolling at night and nabbing criminals at the earliest. On the cultural front, a widespread movement should be launched to help women in their fight against crimes and criminals.

Question 17:
Taking help from the information given below, write an article on ‘Make in India’s Dig

ital Economy’.
Hints: • Leaders of world’s largest technology • companies visited India • Softbank to invest $10 billion into digital India • a delegation of Indian digital entrepreneurs visited China • India should take China’s cue • Chinese digital economy • a major driver of China’s growth story • Chinese digital boom by limiting access of global majors to the Chinese market • India, conversely an open door for global companies • Google and Facebook’s dominance in India • capturing 75% of India’s digital advertising pie • Even Flipkart is 80% foreign owned • India’s  digital revolution just begun.
Answer:
Make inlndia’s Digital Economy                                                                                                                        —Ravi
In comparison to China, India’s digital revolution is just beginning. Prime Minister Narendra Modi wants the digital revolution to be an Indian phenomenon. He wants it to be a major driver of India’s economic growth story. He wants to reverse the trend. Instead of allowing and encouraging global companies to earn more globally out of India’s growth story, his slogan is “Make in India”.
The world is looking towards us. Leaders of all the world’s largest technology companies visited India in a very short span. They include Jeff Bezos (Amazon), Satya Nadella (Microsoft), Mark Zuckerberg (Facebook) and Pichai (Google). The announcement of Soft Bank of Japan of investing $10 billion into digital India is definitely a great news.
The Chinese digital economy directly employs hundreds of thousands of people, and giving indirectly, white-collar jobs to millions more. Digital China is now a major driver of China’s growth story. Why should India lag behind? India should adopt China’s success story. More than ever, global technology companies are eyeing India. Indian digital economy should be “Make in India” and not “Expand into India”. We should protect our domestic digital business growth. An open door policy for global companies must be reviewed. Foreign giants like Google and Facebook pocket 75% of India’s digital advertising pie. Why should we let our growth and money be exploited by outsiders? Let it be an Indian phenomenon. Let it be a ‘Make in India’s Digital Economy’.

Question 18:
Taking help from the information given in the input below along with your own views, write an article on ‘Disaster Management in India’ with special reference to the ‘Hudhud cyclone’ and the unprecedented floods in Kashmir
Hints: • National Institute of Disaster Management • a premier institute • training and capacity development programmes • constituted under an Act of Parliament in 1995 • statutory organisation status • The NIDM • a deemed university • NIDM served as a great agency when Tsunami hit India • train and conduct mock drills, crisis communication and a hazard hunt excercise • mock drills simulating an earthquake of magnitude 7.2 • played a key role during the Hudhud Cyclone in Andhra and Odisha • evacuated lakhs of marooned people with the help of army in Kashmir floods.
Answer:
Disaster Management in India                                                                                                            —Raghav
National Institute of Disaster Management is a premier national institute. It trains people for capacity development programmes for managing natural disasters in India. The NIDM works under government’s directives to train and conduct checks to regulate effective earthquake and disaster control policies. Recently, Delhi witnessed one of the biggest mega mock drills conducted by the NIDM in India.
The buildings and infrastructures in India are quite vulnerable to calamities. They can’t withstand the rigours of a natural calamity. The Tsunami disasters in South India expose the unpreparedness and lack of skills in disaster management. The havoc caused by the floods and landslides in Kedamath only underlines our weaknesss or inefficiency in tackling natural disaster on such a scale. The NIDM can take due credit for its efficient work done during the ‘Hudhud’ cyclone. The cyclone struck the coastal areas of Andhra and Odisha. Proper warning and early evacuation in the affected areas limited losses and casualties. But again the NIDM proved quite ineffective when unprecedented floods rocked Srinagar and other parts of Jammu and Kashmir. It was the army and not the NIDM that stole the limelight by evacuating lakhs of the marooned people and saving their lives. The NIDM has a long way to go. It must prepare itself as a body that can cope with natural disasters with professional skills and efficiency.

Question 19:
Taking help from the information given below, write an article on ‘Problems of Half- educated Indian Youth’.
Hints: • High ideals of educationists lost * India has produced millions of frustrated and half educated youngsters • misfit for any walk of life • vast majority educated in government schools • most of the degree holders are virtually uneducated • teachers and employees perennially absent • some have duplicate jobs • education provides a few opportunities • unemployed youth flood into cities • add only disorder and crimes • government must introduce vocational training in carpentry, masonry, etc. • skills would open self-employment.
Answer:
Problems of Half-educated Indian Youth                                                                                         —Jamini
India aims to achieve the desired target of universal education. However, the huge army of young girls and boys who are getting education in schools and colleges doesn’t present a very flattening picture. Instead of producing a powerful human resource. The country is producing millions of frustrated and half baked youngsters. They are misfit for all walks of life. Their half- baked knowledge and skills make them unsuitable for corporate jobs or professional services. Vast majority of young boys and girls receive education in government schools, colleges and institutions. The condition of our public schools is far from satisfactory. Millions of rupees are wasted without any fruitful result. Some of them especially in remote areas suffer from dirty premises, incompetent and unprofessional teachers. Lack of facilities for labs, libraries and playgrounds make most of our government schools and colleges quite unproductive and outdated institutions. Most of the degree and certificate holders are virtually unskilled or half-educated. These unemployed youth flood our cities. Their education provides them only a few gainful jobs or opportunities for advancement. They are condemned to lead miserable lives in slums adding to their disorder and crimes.
Problems of the youth must be addressed with all sincerity and seriousness. Vocational training should be introduced at a very early stage in schools. By giving a professional training in carpentry, masonry, fabrication, plumbing, etc., we can prepare them for professional and corporate jobs. These skills would open new avenues for self-employment too. Let our schools, colleges and educational institutes produce full baked and skilled young men and young women. They will then certainly prove assets to themselves as well as to the nation.

Question 20:
Taking help from the input given below along with your own views, write an article on ‘Female Foeticide-A Cause for Concern’.
Hints: • Female foeticide • increased manifold • birth of a female child • not taken happily • girl child a burden • perverted mindset of parents and relatives • more than 15 million female foetuses aborted every year • illiteracy • ignorance • poverty • superstitions • outdated ideas • myth that ‘moksha’ is not possible without a male child • crimes against women • laws have no teeth • evil must be rooted out • zero tolerance for female foeticide.
Answer:
Female Foeticide — A Cause for Concern                                                                                  —Vandana
India is a land of contradictions. All our scriptures hail women as goddesses. Every virgin is considered as an incarnation of Durga or Laxmi or Saraswati. But this is only the one side of the story. The other story regarding the girl child puts our heads in shame. More than 15 million foetuses are aborted every year. All this is done not to have a girl child in the family. It exposes our double standards and hypocrisy. It is a cruel commentary on the morals, conduct and ethics of our society. Even in the 21st century, we have the old and outdated mindset and ideas. Ours is still a monstrously male dominated society. The parents and the families are not ready to take the birth of a girl child as a normal happy occasion. A girl child is considered an additional burden on the family. Obsession for a son takes root from age long outdated views and myths. It is purely a myth that one can’t attain ‘moksha’ or ‘liberation’ without a male child—the son. Simply ridiculous! Girls have excelled in all walks of life. They have proved their superiority as teachers, doctors, engineers, police officers and businessmen. What a man can do, a woman can do still better. In such a situation, the very idea of female foeticide seems immoral, perverted and inhuman. Unfortunately, prosperous states like Haryana and Punjab have shamed themselves as the leading states in female foeticide in the country. The girl-child sex-ratio has seen alarming trends. This evil has to be rooted out. Exemplary punishments must be given to those who indulge in such inhuman practices. Moreover, a sustained effort must be made by the government and voluntary bodies to change the mindset of the people. Such an inhuman and barbaric practice must have no place in our civilised society.

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