{"id":95522,"date":"2021-10-26T15:30:42","date_gmt":"2021-10-26T10:00:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.cbselabs.com\/?p=95522"},"modified":"2021-11-01T12:04:38","modified_gmt":"2021-11-01T06:34:38","slug":"agriculture-cbse-class-10-sst-geography-extra-questions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.cbselabs.com\/agriculture-cbse-class-10-sst-geography-extra-questions\/","title":{"rendered":"Agriculture CBSE Class 10 SST Geography Extra Questions"},"content":{"rendered":"

Agriculture CBSE Class 10 SST Geography Extra Questions<\/h2>\n

Agriculture NCERT\u00a0Class 10 SST Geography Extra Questions<\/h3>\n

According to new CBSE Exam Pattern,\u00a0MCQ Questions For Class 10 Social Science with Answers<\/a>\u00a0Carries 20 Marks.<\/p>\n

Agriculture Class 10 Extra Questions Question-1<\/span><\/strong>
\nWhat is the importance of agriculture in Indian economy?
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\na. India is an agricultural country.
\nb. Nearly two-thirds of its population depends directly on agriculture for its livelihood.
\nc. Agriculture is the main stay of India\u2019s economy.
\nd. It accounts for 26% of the gross domestic product.
\ne. It ensures food security for the country and produces several raw materials for industries.
\nf. Agricultural development is therefore, a precondition of our national prosperity.<\/p>\n

You can also download NCERT Solutions Class 10<\/strong><\/a> to help you to revise complete syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.<\/p>\n

Class 10 Geography Chapter 4 Agriculture Extra Questions Question-2<\/span><\/strong>
\nName three features of Indian agriculture.
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\na. Farmers own small piece of land and grow crops primarily for their own consumption.
\nb. Animals play a significant role in the various kinds of agricultural activities.
\nc. Farmers depend mainly upon monsoon rains.<\/p>\n

Agriculture Extra Questions Class 10 Question-3<\/span><\/strong>
\nWhat is plantation agriculture?
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\na. Plantation farming is bush or tree farming
\nb. The British introduced it in the nineteenth century.
\nc. It is a single crop farming of rubber, tea, coffee, cocoa, spices, coconut and fruits like apples, grapes, oranges etc.
\nd. It is capital intensive and demands good managerial ability, technical know-how, sophisticated machinery, fertilizers, irrigation and transport facilities.
\ne. Some of the plantations like tea, coffee, rubber have a processing factory within the farm itself or close to it.
\nf. This type of agriculture has developed in hilly areas of north- eastern India, sub-Himalayan, West Bengal and in Nilgiri, Anamalai and Cardamom hills in peninsular India.<\/p>\n

Class 10 Agriculture Extra Questions Question-4<\/span><\/strong>
\nName three important wheat-producing states of India.
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\nThe main wheat producing states are U.P, Haryana, Bihar,and Punjab.<\/p>\n

Extra Questions Of Agriculture Class 10 Question-5<\/span><\/strong>
\nName three sugarcane-producing states of the country.
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\nThe major sugarcane producing states are Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh.<\/p>\n

Importance Of Agriculture Class 10 Question-6<\/span><\/strong>
\nMention three spice-producing states of India.
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\nSpice producing areas in India are Kerala, Karnataka, and Tamil Nadu.<\/p>\n

Extra Questions On Agriculture Class 10 Question-7<\/span><\/strong>
\nName three tobacco-producing states of India.
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\nTobacco producing states are Gujarat, Uttar Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka.<\/p>\n

Agriculture Class 10 Match The Following Question-8<\/span><\/strong>
\nDistinguish between: Rabi and Kharif Crops.
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\nRabi and Kharif crops
\nKharif:
\n1. Cultivation begins with the on set of monsoons in May.
\n2. Sowing of seeds is done in June or early July.
\n3. Crops are harvested in September- October.
\n4. Crops depend on the monsoons.
\n5. Types: Rice, millets, maize, groundnuts, jute, cotton and various pulses.
\nRabi
\n1 Cultivation begins with the withdrawal of monsoons in October.
\n2. Sowing of seeds is done in October- November.
\n3. Crops are harvested in April-May.
\n4. Crops depend on the sub-soil moisture.
\n5. Types : Wheat, gram and oil-seeds like mustard and rape- seeds<\/p>\n

Agriculture Class 10 Very Short Questions And Answers Question-9:<\/span><\/strong>
\nDistinguish Between Dry and Wet Agriculture.
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\nDry and Wet Agriculture
\nDry Agriculture:
\nDry farming is a type of farming in which moisture is maintained by raising special type of crops.
\nCrops such as gram and peas are grown.
\nThere is vast dependence on irrigation.
\nThis is practiced in dry areas of the country
\nWet Agriculture:
\nWet farming is a type of farming, which depends mainly upon rains.
\nIn this type of farming rice, jute and maize are grown.
\nThere is no irrigation required.
\nThis type of farming is done in Northeastern parts of India.<\/p>\n

Extra Questions Of Chapter Agriculture Class 10 Question-10<\/span><\/strong>
\nDistinguish between Tea and Coffee Cultivation.
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\nTea and Coffee Cultivation
\nTea
\nCoffee
\nIt requires warm and moist-free climate
\nIt requires hot and humid climate
\nThe British introduced it.
\nThe Arabic variety was brought from Yemen.
\nIt requires 200<\/sup>C to 300<\/sup>C temperatures.
\nIt requires 150<\/sup>C to 280<\/sup>C temperature.
\nIt requires 300 cm rainfall.
\nIt requires 200 cm rainfall.
\nIt is grown in Assam, West Bengal, Tamil Nadu and Kerala.
\nIt is grown on hills around Nilgiris, Karnataka, Kerala, and Tamil Nadu.<\/p>\n

Class 10 Geography Ch 4 Extra Questions Question-11<\/span><\/strong>
\nDescribe various technological and institutional reforms, which led to Green and White revolutions in India.
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\nThe various technological and institutional reforms consist of various measures taken by the Central and State governments from time to time. Flooding of fields with water is now being replaced by drip irrigation and the use of sprinklers. Chemical fertilizers are being used on a large scale, to increase the farm yields. Bio- fertilisers are now supplementing them. High yielding and early maturing quality seeds have been developed. Most of these technology inputs gave birth to Green Revolution in sixties and seventies of twentieth century. White Revolution followed the Green Revolution.<\/p>\n

Question-12<\/span><\/strong>
\nWhat is the importance of animal husbandry in India?
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\nFarm animals form an important ecosystem in an agriculture country like India. Farm animals are the partners of the farmers. Ox, he- buffalo and camel are used as drought animals in performing activities like ploughing, sowing, thrashing and transporting farm products. Cows and she- buffalo provide them milk.<\/p>\n

Question-13<\/span><\/strong>
\nDescribe the distribution of rice cultivation in India.
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\nRice is one of the major food crop in India. India is second largest producer of rice in the world after China. It is grown on about one fourth of the total cropped area and provides food to about half of the country\u2019s population. Rice is a tropical plant. It requires high temperature of about 240<\/sup>C with minor variation during sowing and harvesting. It requires 100cm of rain. It is grown in Punjab, Haryana and Western Uttar Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Orissa, western and eastern coastal strips, Brahmaputra valley and Jammu and Kashmir.<\/p>\n

Question-14<\/span><\/strong>
\nHow is it possible to grow rice in areas of less rain, like Punjab, Haryana and Rajasthan?
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\nDevelopment of canal irrigation and tube wells have made possible to grow rice in Punjab, Haryana and Rajasthan.<\/p>\n

Question-15:<\/span><\/strong>
\nMention some industries based on agricultural raw materials.
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\nTea, coffee, sugar and cotton industries.<\/p>\n

Question-16:<\/span><\/strong>
\nWhat is the the PDS programme of the government of India?
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\nIt is a programme that, provides food grains and other essential commodities at subsidized process in rural and urban areas.<\/p>\n

Question-17<\/span><\/strong>
\nMention one reason for big zamindars to offer Bhvadonar Goarrdan.
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\nMany offered due to the fear of land ceiling act.<\/p>\n

Question-18<\/span><\/strong>
\nName the movements started by Vinoba Bhave, known as Blood-less revolution?
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\nThe Bhoodan – Gramdan movements started by Vinoba Bhave are known as Blood – less revolution.<\/p>\n

Question-19<\/span><\/strong>
\nWhat are the 2 important beverage crops of India?
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\nThey are coffee and tea.<\/p>\n

Question-20<\/span><\/strong>
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\nIn shifting agriculture a piece of land is cleared, crops are grown and the patch is deserted when it loses its fertility in order to regain its fertility.<\/p>\n

Question-21<\/span><\/strong>
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\nAgriculture for the production of tropical and sub-tropical crops, like bananas, coffee, cocoa, tea, cotton, palm oil, rubber, spices, sugar and sisal. Is called plantation agriculture.<\/p>\n

Question-22<\/span><\/strong>
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\nThe area, which is actually under the cultivation and crops.<\/p>\n

Question-23<\/span><\/strong>
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\nAgriculture with a high level of inputs, capital and labour and high yields.<\/p>\n

Question-24<\/span><\/strong>
\nWhat is gross cultivated area?
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\nThe total area on which crops are grown. It includes the area on which crops are not raised for 1 to 2 seasons.<\/p>\n

Question-25<\/span><\/strong>
\nDefine dry land farming?
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\nFarming without irrigation, using techniques, which conserve water for the crops.<\/p>\n

Question-26<\/span><\/strong>
\nDefine agricultural resources?
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\nGifts of nature that include fertile soils, water for irrigation favorable climatic conditions for the growth of plants.<\/p>\n

Question-27<\/span><\/strong>
\nWhich are the states in India which are famous for commercial farming?
\n(A) Punjab and Haryana
\n(B) Orissa and West Bengal
\n(C) Rajasthan
\n(D) Himachal Pradesh
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\n(A) Punjab and Haryana.<\/p>\n

Question-28<\/span><\/strong>
\nWhich is helpful in inventing new hybrid varieties of seeds?
\n(A) Green Revolution
\n(B) White Revolution
\n(C) Genetic Engineering
\n(D) Scientific Research
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\n(C) Genetic Engineering .<\/p>\n

Question-29<\/span><\/strong>
\nWhich industry is based on agricultural raw material?
\n(A) Food-processing Industry
\n(B) Marine Industry
\n(C) Sericulture
\n(D) Pisiculture
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\n(A) Food-processing Industry.<\/p>\n

Question-30<\/span><\/strong>
\nWhich is not associated with primitive subsistence farming?
\n(A) Natural fertility of soil
\n(B) Monsoon
\n(C) High yield crops or seeds
\n(D) Involvement of family members
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\n(C) High yield crops or seeds.<\/p>\n

Question-31<\/span><\/strong>
\nMatch the following conditions with the different crops growth:Crop Ideal condition
\nA. Rice (i) Temperature- 25\u00b0C, Rainfall- 100 cm-200 cm.
\nB. Wheat (ii) Temperature- 20-25\u00b0C, Rainfall- 50 cm-75 cm
\nC. Maize (iii) Temperature- 21-27\u00b0C, Rainfall- 50 cm-75 cm
\nD. Pulses (iv) Temperature- 20-25\u00b0C, Rainfall- 50 cm-75 cm
\n(A) A-(iii), B-(iv), C-(i), D-(ii)
\n(B) A-(iii), B-(iv), C-(ii), D-(i)
\n(C) A-(i), B-(ii), C-(iii), D-(iv)
\n(D) A-(i), B-(ii), C-(iv), D-(iii)
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\n(C) A-(i), B-(ii), C-(iii), D-(iv)<\/p>\n

Question-32<\/span><\/strong>
\nWhich is a leguminous crop?
\n(A) Pulses
\n(B) Millets
\n(C) Jowar
\n(D) Sesamum
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\n(A) Pulses.<\/p>\n

Question-33<\/span><\/strong>
\nWhich is major pulse producing state in India?
\n(A) Kerala
\n(B) Goa
\n(C) Uttar Pradesh
\n(D) Punjab
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\n(C) Uttar Pradesh.<\/p>\n

Question-34<\/span><\/strong>
\nChoose the correct answer
\n(A) A, C and D are correct
\n(B) C and D are correct
\n(C) B, C, and D are correct
\n(D) All are correct
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\n(A) A, C and D are correct.<\/p>\n

Question-35<\/span><\/strong>
\nWhich country produces more sugarcane than the India?
\n(A) Australia
\n(B) Cuba
\n(C) Brazil
\n(D) France
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\n(C) Brazil.<\/p>\n

Question-36<\/span><\/strong>
\nMatch the following crops with states in India:\u00a0Crops States
\n(A) A-(i), B-(ii), C-(iii), D-(iv)
\n(B) A-(i), B-(iv), C-(iii), D-(ii)
\n(C) A-(i), B-(ii), C-(iv), D-(iii)
\n(D) A-(ii), B-(i), C-(iv), D-(iii)
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\n(B) A-(i), B-(iv), C-(iii), D-(ii).<\/p>\n

Question-37<\/span><\/strong>
\nWhich crop is grown in shifting cultivation?
\n(A) Maize
\n(B) Rice
\n(C) Wheat
\n(D) Millet
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\n(B) Rice.<\/p>\n

Question-38<\/span><\/strong>
\nWhich crop is grown in Zaid season?
\n(A) Rice
\n(B) Wheat
\n(C) Millets
\n(D) Cucumber
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\n(D) Cucumber.<\/p>\n

Question-39<\/span><\/strong>
\nIn which state is intensive subsistence farming largely practiced?
\n(A) Rajasthan
\n(B) Gujarat
\n(C) West Bengal
\n(D) Punjab<\/p>\n

Question-40<\/span><\/strong>
\nWhat is a system of agriculture where a single crop is grown on a large area called?
\n(A) Shifting Agriculture
\n(B) Plantation Agriculture
\n(C) Horticulture
\n(D) Sericulture
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\n(B) Plantation Agriculture.<\/p>\n

Question-41<\/span><\/strong>
\nWhich are the states which have abundance of rice production?
\n(A) Punjab, Haryana
\n(B) Karnataka, Tamil Nadu
\n(C) Bengal, Bihar
\n(D) Gujarat, Maharashtra
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\n(C) Bengal, Bihar.<\/p>\n

Question-42<\/span><\/strong>
\nWhich is major producer of the maize in India?
\n(A) Bihar
\n(B) Punjab
\n(C) Haryana
\n(D) Himachal Pradesh
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\n(A) Bihar.<\/p>\n

Question-43<\/span><\/strong>
\nWhich one of the following institutions established by Government of India, helped in modernization of Agriculture?
\n(A) Krishidarshan
\n(B) Doordarshan
\n(C) Indian council of Agriculture
\n(D) Indian Institute of Agronomy
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\n(C) Indian council of Agriculture.<\/p>\n

Question-44<\/span><\/strong>
\nWhich system launched by government of India ensure subsidised prices for food grains to poor in rural areas?
\n(A) FCI
\n(B) Buffer Stock
\n(C) PDS
\n(D) FCD
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\n(C) PDS.<\/p>\n

Question-45<\/span><\/strong>
\nWhich type of farming is not harmful as compared to modern agriculture?
\n(A) Intensive farming
\n(B) Extensive farming
\n(C) Organic farming
\n(D) Genetic farming
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\n(C) Organic farming.<\/p>\n

Question-46<\/span><\/strong>
\nPoint out the five uses of jute. Why is it losing market?
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\nUses – It is used in making gunny bags, mats robes, yarn, carpets and other artifacts.
\nDue to its high cost, it is losing market to synthetic fibres, which are much cheaper and are now used for packing materials, particularly nylon.<\/p>\n

Question-47<\/span><\/strong>
\nWhat is the rank, India holds in cotton production in the world? Name the major cotton producing state of India.
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\n(1)India ranks third in the cotton production in the world.
\n(2)Major Cotton producing slates are :- Maharashtra, Gujrat, Madhya Pradesh, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Punjab, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh.<\/p>\n

Question-48<\/span><\/strong>
\nWhat are the fibre crops of India and from where are there obtained?
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\n(1) The four major fibre crops of India are: – Cotton, jute, hemp and natural silk.
\n(2) Cotton, jute and hemp are derived from crops grown in the soil: Natural silk is obtained from the cocoons of silk worms fed on green leaves, especially mulberry.<\/p>\n

Question-49<\/span><\/strong>
\nWhich variety of Indian coffee is of great demand in the world and from where was it initially brought? Where was its cultivation initially?
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\n(1) The Arabic variety of Indian coffee is in great demand in the world.
\n(2) It was initially brought from Yemen and now produced in the country.
\n(3) Initially it was cultivated on Baba Budan hills.<\/p>\n

Question-50<\/span><\/strong>
\nGive importance of groundnut as an oil seed? Name the largest groundnut producing states in India.
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\n(1)Groundnut accounts for about half of the major oil seeds produced in India.
\n(2)The largest producer of ground nut Is Andhra Pradesh. Other states are Tamil \u00a0 Nadu,\u00a0\u00a0 Karnataka, Gujarat and Maharashtra.<\/p>\n

Question-51<\/span><\/strong>
\nGive the main oil seeds grown in India. Point out 2 to 3 of their uses.
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\nThe main oil seeds produced in India are groundnut, coconut, mustard, seamum, soya bean, castor seeds, cotton seeds, linseed and seen flower.
\nUses – Most of these are edible and used in cooking. Some of them are used a raw material in the production of soap, cosmetics and ointments.<\/p>\n

Question-52<\/span><\/strong>
\nWhy are pulses usually grown in rotation with other crops? How is it important in our diet?
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\nAll pulses except, arhar helps in soil fertility, by fixing nitrogen from the air, that is why they are mostly grown in rotation with other crops.
\nRole – They are a major source of protein in a vegetarian diet and India has more number of vegetarians. Also non vegetarian food is expensive and most of the Indians depend on vegetarian food.<\/p>\n

Question-53<\/span><\/strong>
\nHow is maize used? In which season is it grown? Describe briefly the soil, temperature required for the production of maize. Name 4 major maize producing states of India.
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\n(1) It is used as food as well as fodder.
\n(2) It is a Kharif crop, but in some states, like Bihar, its grown in Rabi season.
\n(3) It requires temperature between 21. c to 27. c, grows well in alluvial soil.<\/p>\n

Question-54<\/span><\/strong>
\nHow will the change in the cropping pattern affect the Indian Economy?
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\n(1) Change in the cropping pattern, for example from cereals to high value-crops will mean that India will have to import food.
\n(2) If India imports cereals while exporting high value commodities, it will be following successful economies like Italy, Israel and Chile.<\/p>\n

Question-55<\/span><\/strong>
\nWhy is organic farming in vogue nowadays?
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\n(1) It is much in vogue today, because it is practiced without factory made chemicals, such as fertilizers and pesticides.
\n(2) Therefore it does not affect environment in a negative manner.<\/p>\n

Question-56<\/span><\/strong>
\nMention two reasons for the reduction of net sown area in our country.
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\nUsing land for non-agricultural purposes like housing, raising factories etc has resulted in reduction in net sown area.<\/p>\n

Question-57<\/span><\/strong>
\nThe excessive use of fertilizers and water has affected the soil-Explain?
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\nExcessive use of fertilizers and water has led to: water logging, salinity and depletion of essential micro nutrients in the soil.<\/p>\n

Question-58<\/span><\/strong>
\nExplain the term Food Corporation of India (FCI).
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\nThe Food Corporation of India focuses and maintains stocks of food grains. It procures food grains from the farmers at the government announced minimum support price (MSP).<\/p>\n

Question-59<\/span><\/strong>
\nWhat is the lack of food security?
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\nFood is the basic need of every living being. If any segment of our population does not have access to food, that segment suffers from lack of food security.<\/p>\n

Question-60<\/span><\/strong>
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\nA term coined in late 1960\u2019s, recent developments in agriculture in our country which have led to considerable increase in agricultural yields in certain cereals, specially wheat as a result of new seeds, application of manures, and chemical fertilizers, assured water supply and use of machinery.<\/p>\n

Question-61<\/span><\/strong>
\nWhy is food Security is a big concern for the small farmers?
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\n(1) Free power to a certain section of farmers has encourage them to pump ground water and grow water intensive crops in low rain fall areas also (like rice in Punjab and sugarcane in Maharashtra). As a result water storage has reduced in aquifers tube wells and many wells has run dry, which has pushed small and marginal farmers out of cultivation.
\n(2) Inadequate storage and marketing facilities also discourage the small farmers. Thus they are badly affected by uncertainties of production and market.
\n(3) They pay high prices for inputs like H.Y.V seeds; fertilizers etc., but the bargaining power to fix prices in their favour, is very less
\n(4) All the production reaches the market simultaneously. The higher the supply, the lower the demand. Due to all the above given reason the food scarcity of small farmers is a big concern.<\/p>\n

Question-62<\/span><\/strong>
\nGive four measures to increase agricultural production.
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\n(1) Each district and block can be made self sufficient in food grain production if government provides proper agricultural infrastructure that is availability of electricity, irrigation facilities, good roads, building etc.
\n(2) Providing loan facilities on lower interest to cultivator.
\n(3) Encouraging latest techniques in agricultural and instead of concentrating on rice or wheat, the food crop with a better growth potential in that particular area must be encouraged.
\n(4) Attract foreign investment in agriculture and also free trade in grains which will not only increase agricultural production but will also create massive employment and reduce poverty in rural areas.<\/p>\n

Question-63<\/span><\/strong>
\nMention the government of India\u2019s efforts to modernize agriculture.
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\n(1) Establishment of Indian council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), agricultural universities veterinary services and animal breeding centers.
\n(2) Horticulture development research and development in the field of metrology and weather forecast etc – have been given priority for improving India\u2019s agriculture.
\n(3) Improvement in the rural infrastructure, the basic system the country needs in order to work properly (i.e) transport, communication and banking system.
\n(4) Encouragement to the care of machines and chemical fertilizers, development of high yielding varieties of seeds.
\n(5) The government has launched various schemes to protect and save plants from pests and diseases.
\n(6) Development of various kinds of tools and implements like factors, harvesters, thrashers etc. have led to increased population and time, minimize chances of wastage, fire and rain destroying the grains lying in the few fields.<\/p>\n

Question-64<\/span><\/strong>
\nGive the main objectives of food security policy of government of India. What is the role of FCI?
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\n(1) The primary objective of India\u2019s food security policy is to ensure availability of food grains to the common people at affordable price.
\n(2) The forces of the Policy is on growth in agricultural production and on fixing the support price of wheat and rice.
\n(3) To maintain the stocks of wheat, rice and other food grains
\nOrganizations the FCI that is food Corporation of India is responsible for procuring and stocking food grain whereas the distribution is ensured by public distribution.<\/p>\n

Question-65<\/span><\/strong>
\nWhat factors have hindered the pace of agricultural development in India?
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\n(1) Inspite of development of source of irrigation, most of the farmers still depend upon monsoons.
\n(2) Farmers still depend on natural fertilizer and manures and therefore the land does not gain fertility.
\n(3) Indian farmers are still using outdated tools and implements and have not implemented the use of modern farming machinery.
\n(4) They are still using traditional methods of farming and have not made use of new technique of farming, technical and institutional reforms.
\n(5) Division of land after every generation has led to fragments, allow of the land and smallholdings which have become uneconomic.<\/p>\n

Question-66<\/span><\/strong>
\nWhich crop is known as golden fibre? Describe the geographical requirements for its growth, and name the major states producing it.
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\n(1) Jute is known as the golden fibre.
\n(2) Geographical requirements: –
\n(a) Well drained fertile soils in the flood plains where soils are renewed every year.
\n(b) High temperature during the time of growth.<\/p>\n

Question-67<\/span><\/strong>
\nWhy is the production of pulses and oil seeds still lagging behind?
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\n(1) Though the production of oil seeds and pulses is rising but the population is growing at a greater pace.
\n(2) The production of pulses and oil seals is subject to fluctuation and market speculations.
\n(3) They need HYV seeds for high productivity, assured irrigation and chemical fertilizers, which are costly, and India farmers cannot afford them.
\n(4) Their support price is not attractive.<\/p>\n

Question-68<\/span><\/strong>
\nName the major challenges faced by the Indian farmers today?
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\n(1) Though the production of oil seeds and pulses is rising but the population is growing at a greater pace.
\n(2) The production of pulses and oil seals is subject to fluctuation and market speculations.
\n(3) They need HYV seeds for high productivity, assured irrigation and chemical fertilizers, which are costly, and India farmers cannot afford them.
\n(4) Their support price is not attractive.<\/p>\n

Question-69<\/span><\/strong>
\nWhat are the implications of growing population on Indian farming?
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\nFollowing are the implications of growing population on farming:
\n(1)Almost every step has been taken to increase food production and now there is very little scope for increasing it further.
\n(2)India\u2019s population is increasing at an alarming rate. Whatever has been advised so far in food production would soon be neutralized by this ever growing population.<\/p>\n

Question-70<\/span><\/strong>
\nHow has agriculture contributed to the national Income and employment?
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\n(1) Agriculture has been the backbone of Indian economy. It provides employment and livelihood to nearly 63% of India\u2019s population (In 2001).
\n(2) Two thirds of India\u2019s population is engaged in agricultural activities.
\n(3) Agriculture is a primary activity which produces most of the food that we consume. Besides food grains, it also produces raw materials for many industries. Some agricultural products like tea, coffee, spices etc are exported and they bring in foreign exchange for the country.<\/p>\n

Question-71<\/span><\/strong>
\nWhat are the 3 main problems faced by Indian farmers today?
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\nThe problems faced by the Indian farmers are :-
\n(1) There is lack of availability of water for irrigation.
\n(2) Most of the farmers have small holdings which are uneconomical.
\n(3) The high yielding variety of seeds, chemical fertilizers, insecticides, pesticides etc are expensive and our farmers find it difficult to purchase these.
\n(4) The soil is loosing its fertility; due to soil erosion, absence of good forests.
\n(5) Our farmers have to take heavy loans. Therefore, to payback these, they are compelled to sell their produce at cheap rates.<\/p>\n

Question-72<\/span><\/strong>
\nWho introduced tea in India? Why do we say that tea is a labour intensive industry? Where is it mostly produced? Name the major tea producing states.
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\n(1) The British introduced tea to India.
\n(2) Tea is labour intensive industry because it requires abundant, cheap and skilled labour.
\n(3) Tea is generally processed within the tea gardens to restore its freshness.
\n(4) Major tea producing states are – Assam, hills of Darjeeling and Jalpaigur districts, West Bengal, Tamil Nadu, Kerala. Besides, Himachal Pradesh, Uttaranchal, Meghalaya, Andhra Pradesh and Tripura are also tea producing states.<\/p>\n

Question-73<\/span><\/strong>
\nMention the important millets grown in India. Which of them is the 3rd<\/sup> most important crop with respect to area and production? What is the importance of millets? Give examples.
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\n(1) Jowar, bajra and ragi are the most important millets of India.
\n(2) Jowar is the 3rd<\/sup> most important crop with respect to area and production.
\n(3) Importance – Millets have high nutritional value. For example, Ragi is very rich in iron, calcium, other micro-nutrients and roughage.<\/p>\n

Question-74<\/span><\/strong>
\nGive the second most important cereal crop of India? When is it grown? What is the temperature, soil, rainfall, and irrigation required for its production?
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\n(1) Wheat is the second most important cereal crop of India.
\n(2) This is a rabi crop, its sown in winter from October to December.
\n(3) It requires a cool growing season and a bright sunshine at the time of ripening.
\n(4) Requires 50 to 75 cms of annual rainfall, evenly distributed over growing seasons or irrigation facilities.<\/p>\n

Question-75<\/span><\/strong>
\nWhy has Indian agriculture been transformed from subsistence to commercial farming.
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\nBefore independence Indian agriculture was mainly that of subsistence farming, but now it has changed to commercial farming. The reasons are –
\n(1) The small and scattered land holdings have been consolidated and converted to large holding and ploughed on cooperative basis.
\n(2) The farmers have started using modern techniques of farming and scientific methods; also they have started use of fertilizers and high yielding varieties of seeds and farm machinery.
\n(3) Irrigation methods have improved, resulting in increased soil fertility.
\n(4) New methods of agriculture like rotation of crops, inter cropping, strip cropping, multiple cropping, have been adopted for better results.
\n(5) As a result of production of wheat, rice, sugarcane, millets etc spices, cotton, jute, tea etc has increased many times.
\nDue to all these reasons Indian agriculture is shifting from subsistence to commercial farming.<\/p>\n

Question-76<\/span><\/strong>
\nDistinguish between fertilizers and manures.
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\n(1) Fertilizers generally refer to chemical fertilizers which are produced in factories. They contain chemical elements like phosphorus, potassium and nitrogen etc.
\n(2) Whereas, manures refers to green leaf manures, farm wastes, compost produced by storing cow dung and farm wastes. Manures are of biological origin and are not prepared in factories.<\/p>\n

Question-77<\/span><\/strong>
\nWhat are the differences between intensive agriculture and extensive agriculture\/farming.
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\nIntensive Agriculture:
\n(1) To obtain high yields, large capitals and labourers are applied.
\n(2) The size of land holding is small, production per hectare is high.
\n(3) Most of the production is consumed locally.
\n(4) Manual labour and drought animals are mostly used.
\nExtensive Agriculture:
\n(1) As compared less capital and labour is applied.
\n(2) The size of land holding is large and production per hectare is low.
\n(3) Surplus production is sold in the market.
\n(4) Mechanized farming is practiced. This type of farming is practiced in sparsely populated areas.<\/p>\n

Question-78<\/span><\/strong>
\nDifferentiate between settled agriculture and shifting agriculture.
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\nSettled Agriculture:
\n(1) In agricultural farms, it is practiced permanently on a small or big piece of land. In this type of agriculture, size of the field is not paid much attention.
\n(2) The land \/ soil is often suitable for agriculture, if not it is made suitable by farmers, by using manures to increase the fertility of land.
\nShifting agriculture:
\n(1) In this type of agriculture the place of cultivation changes after 2 to 3 crops, when there is over growth of grass, weeds etc. It is left fallow to regain its fertility.
\n(2) The land for this type of agriculture is obtained after burning bushes etc or after cutting down trees or bushes. The farmer does not use manure to regain the fertility of the land.<\/p>\n

Question-79<\/span><\/strong>
\nWhat are the cropping seasons are found in India? When are crops sown & harvested in each of these. With examples.
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\nIndia has 3 cropping seasons Rabi, Kharif and Zaid.
\na) Rabi – Crops are sown in winter from October to December and harvested in summer from april to june. Some of the important crops are – wheat, barley, mustard, peas, grass.
\nb) Kharif – Crops are grown with the outset of monsoons and harvested in September – October. Important crops are – paddy, maize, jowar, bazra, tur, moong, urad, cotton, jute, ground nut, soya bean.
\nc) Zaid – Crops are grown between rabi and kharif, there is a short season during summer known as Zaid season. Important crops are – watermelon, muskmelon, cucumber, vegetables and fodder crops. Sugar cane takes almost a year to grow.<\/p>\n

Question-80<\/span><\/strong>
\nDefine plantation farming. What are its main characteristics? Name any five plantation crops of India.
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\nPlantation farming is a bush or tree farming. In this type of farming a single crop in grown on a large area. Characteristics –
\nThis type of agriculture is found in:
\n(1) Hilly areas or North India, Sub Himalayas, W Bengal, Nilgiris, Andaman and cardamom hills.
\n(2) The plantation has an interface of agriculture and industry.
\n(3) Covers large areas of land.
\n(4) It is capital intensive, i.e it requires expensive inputs, requires skilled laboureres.
\n(5) All the production is used as raw material in respective industries. The important crops are tea, coffee, banana, sugarcane etc.<\/p>\n

Question-81<\/span><\/strong>
\nGive the characteristics of commercial farming?
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\n(1) Use of higher doses of modern inputs, that is high yielding variety (HYV) seeds, chemical fertilizers, insecticides and pesticides in order to obtain higher productivity.
\n(2) Agriculture goods are mainly produced for sale.
\n(3) The main crops are rice, millets, spices, cotton, etc. The farmer can sell them on commercial lines.
\n(4) The degree of commercialization varies from one region to another. For example,\u00a0rice is a commercial crop in Haryana and Punjab, but in Orissa, it is subsistence farming.<\/p>\n

Question-82<\/span><\/strong>
\nWhat is slash and burn agriculture?
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\nIn this farmers clear a patch of land and produce cereals and other crops to sustain their family, when the soil looses its fertility, the farmers shift and clear a fresh patch of land for cultivation. Nature replenishes the fertility of soil through natural processes. Land productivity in this type of agriculture is low, because the farmers do not use fertilizers or other modern inputs. It is generally known as shifting agriculture, but also known in different names in different parts of the country.<\/p>\n

Question-83<\/span><\/strong>
\nDefine subsistence farming and give its main characteristics.
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\nRefers to an agricultural system where crops are produced for self use or for circulation within the social networks for ritual, ceremonial exchange puposes, and some food may be sold in the market.
\nCharacteristics:-
\n(a) Small scattered land holding.
\n(b) Primitive tools.
\n(c) Farmers being poor do not use fertilizers and high yielding quality seeds as per requirement, facilities like electricity, irrigation, generally is not available to farmers.
\n(d) It has given way to commercial agriculture to some extent.<\/p>\n

Question-84<\/span><\/strong>
\nWhat are the different types of farming \/ agriculture practiced in India?
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\n(1) Primitive Subsistence Farming – Known by different name in different parts of \u00a0\u00a0 India,subdivided into shifting agriculture.
\n(2) Intensive Subsistence Farming – Practiced in areas of high population pressure. It is labour intensive.
\n(3) Commercial Farming – Includes plantation farming.<\/p>\n

Question-85<\/span><\/strong>
\nDescribe the geographical conditions required for the growth of rice.
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\nIt is a kharif crop, which requires –
\n(a) High Temperature – above 15. C and high humidity.
\n(b) Rainfall – Annual rainfall above 100cms. In areas of less rainfall, it grows with the help of irrigation.
\n(c) Plains of North and North-eastern India, coastal areas and deltaic regions are suitable for the growth of rice.<\/p>\n

Question-86<\/span><\/strong>
\nWhat type of soil is suited for cultivation of tea?
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\nDeep fertile well drained soil rich in humus and organic matter is suited for cultivation of tea.<\/p>\n

Question-87<\/span><\/strong>
\nMention two characteristics of commercial farming.
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\nHigh doses of fertilisers and pesticides are used in commercial farming.<\/p>\n

Question-88<\/span><\/strong>
\nWhich price is announced by the government in support of a crop?
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\nMinimum Support Price is announced by the government in support of a crop.<\/p>\n

Question-89<\/span><\/strong>
\nName four major wheat producing states in India.
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\nPunjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh are the four major wheat producing states in India.<\/p>\n

Question-90<\/span><\/strong>
\nHow have technological and institutional reforms been able to improve the conditions of Indian farmers?
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\nThe Zamindari system in which property rights are vested on absentee landlords was abolished after India became independent. Ownership rights were transferred to the actual tillers of the land. The new land owners made improvements on their lands. This led to increase in yields.
\nLand ceiling acts were passed to ensure that no person could hold agricultural land beyond a specified limit. The excess land was distributed among the landless labourers.
\nSmall land holdings scattered over various places were consolidated through the Consolidation of holdings Acts passed by the State legislatures. This resulted in farmers being able to fence their lands, sink wells and use modern agricultural machinery.
\nFormation of Corporative societies helped farmers get seeds, pesticides and fertilizers at economical prices. All these helped improve the condition of the Indian farmers.<\/p>\n

Question-91<\/span><\/strong>
\nWhat is the importance of agriculture on Indian economy? Name 3 features of Indian agriculture.
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\na. India is an agricultural country.
\nb. Nearly two-thirds of its population depends directly on agriculture for its livelihood.
\nc. Agriculture is the main stay of India\u2019s economy.
\nd. It accounts for 26% of the gross domestic product.
\ne. It ensures food security for the country and produces several raw materials for industries.
\nf. Agricultural development is therefore, a precondition of our national prosperity.
\nFeatures
\na. Farmers own small piece of land and grow crops primarily for their own consumption.
\nb. Animals play a significant role in the various kinds of agricultural activities.
\nc. Farmers depend mainly upon monsoon rains.<\/p>\n

Question-92<\/span><\/strong>
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\na. Plantation farming is bush or tree farming
\nb. The British introduced it in the nineteenth century.
\nc. It is a single crop farming of rubber, tea, coffee, cocoa, spices, coconut and fruits like apples, grapes, oranges etc.
\nd. It is capital intensive and demands good managerial ability, technical know-how, sophisticated machinery, fertilizers, irrigation and transport facilities.
\ne. Some of the plantations like tea, coffee, rubber have a processing factory within the farm itself or close to it.
\nf. This type of agriculture has developed in hilly areas of north- eastern India, sub-Himalayan, West Bengal and in Nilgiri, Anamalai and Cardamom hills in peninsular India.<\/p>\n

Question-93:<\/span><\/strong>
\nDescribe various technological and institutional reforms, which led to Green and White revolutions in India.
\nSolution:<\/span><\/strong>
\nThe various technological and institutional reforms consist of various measures taken by the Central and State governments from time to time. Flooding of fields with water is now being replaced by drip irrigation and the use of sprinklers. Chemical fertilizers are being used on a large scale, to increase the farm yields. Bio- fertilisers are now supplementing them. High yielding and early maturing quality seeds have been developed. Most of these technology inputs gave birth to Green Revolution in sixties and seventies of twentieth century. White Revolution followed the Green Revolution.<\/p>\n

More Resources for CBSE Class 10:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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