RD Sharma Class 10 Solutions<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\nClass 10 How Do Organisms Reproduce Extra Questions Question-3<\/span><\/strong> \nList the advantages of vegetative propagation.<\/strong> \nSolution:<\/strong> \nThe advantages of vegetative propagation are as follows \n\u2022 It helps in the easy propagation of non\u2013flowering plants. \n\u2022 It helps in producing hybrids of various plants, with improved qualities. \n\u2022 It helps in the propagation of a large number of populations in a very short duration. \n\u2022 It helps in the propagation of plants that do not produce seeds or produce them in very small quantities.<\/p>\nChapter 8 Science Class 10 Extra Questions Question-4<\/span><\/strong> \nName the male and the female gametes in human beings.<\/strong> \nSolution:<\/strong> \nThe male gamete is called sperm and the female gamete is called ovum in human beings.<\/p>\nExtra Questions Of Reproduction Class 10 Question-5<\/span><\/strong> \nDefine fertilization.<\/strong> \nSolution:<\/strong> \nThe process of fusion of the male gamete with the female gamete of the same species, i.e., the sperm with the ovum is known as fertilization. After fertilization, the product obtained is the zygote, which eventually develops into a complete organism.<\/p>\nQuestions On How Do Organisms Reproduce Question-6<\/span><\/strong> \nDefine sexual reproduction.<\/strong> \nSolution:<\/strong> \nThe type of reproduction that involves both the sexes of the species is known as sexual reproduction. This kind of reproduction requires the fertilization of the gametes of both the sexes.<\/p>\nQuestion-7<\/span><\/strong> \nMention any two functions of human ovary.<\/strong> \nSolution:<\/strong> \nThe two functions of human ovary are as follows \n(i) It is responsible for the production of the female gamete, ovum. \n(ii) It secretes hormones like estrogen and progesterone.<\/p>\nQuestion-8<\/span><\/strong> \nWhat is syngamy?<\/strong> \nSolution:<\/strong> \nThe process of fusion of the two gametes is known as syngamy. It is the initial step in the process of fertilization.<\/p>\nQuestion-9<\/span><\/strong> \nWhere does fertilization take place in human females?<\/strong> \nSolution:<\/strong> \nFertilization in the case of humans is internal. The process of fertilization takes place inside the fallopian tube of females.<\/p>\nQuestion-10<\/span><\/strong> \nDefine menopause.<\/strong> \nSolution:<\/strong> \nAt the age of around 45-50 years, the ovaries of the females stop producing ova. \nThe stoppage of menstrual flow and other events like the changes in the hormonal composition is known as menopause.<\/p>\nQuestion-11<\/span><\/strong> \nDiscuss briefly the types of reproduction.<\/strong> \nSolution:<\/strong> \nReproduction is a unique biological process that is essential for the continuity and propagation of species. It is a process by which new individuals of the same species are produced by parental organisms. It takes place by two methods: – \nAsexual Reproduction<\/strong> \nThis method of reproduction generally involves only one parent and is observed only in lower organisms. Fission, budding, spore formation and vegetative propagation are some of the types of asexual propagation. \nSexual Reproduction<\/strong> \nThis method of reproduction involves two parents. It requires the fusion of gametes of both the sexes of the species. Almost all animals and higher forms of plants reproduce by this method.<\/p>\nQuestion-12<\/span><\/strong> \nDescribe asexual reproduction in amoeba.<\/strong> \nSolution:<\/strong> \nAmoeba reproduces by the process of binary fission. During this process, the nucleus divides first, followed by the formation of a constriction in the cellular membrane of amoeba. This gradually increases inwards and divides the cytoplasm into two parts. Finally two daughter organisms are obtained.<\/p>\nQuestion-13<\/span><\/strong> \nExplain various steps of budding in yeast.<\/strong> \nSolution:<\/strong> \nBudding is a form of asexual reproduction usually observed in yeast. \n\u2022 During this process, a small protrusion appears on the upper portion of the body of the organism. This bulge is called a bud. \n\u2022 The bud gradually grows in size and forms an individual cell. \n\u2022 From this newly budded cell, another bud appears at the tip. \n\u2022 This process continues and a chain of yeast cells is obtained.<\/p>\nQuestion-14<\/span><\/strong> \nWhat are the various methods of vegetative propagation? Discuss any one method with example.<\/strong> \nSolution:<\/strong> \nThe various types of vegetative propagation are \n\u2022 Cutting \n\u2022 Layering \n\u2022 Grafting \n\u2022 Parthenogenesis \n\u2022 Micro-propagation in vitro \nGrafting<\/strong> \n\u2022 It is a method in which two parts of different plants are joined together in such a way that they unite and grow as one plant. \n\u2022 The portion of the plant that is grafted onto another plant is known as the scion<\/i>, and the plant on which grafting is performed is known as the stock<\/i>. \n\u2022 The stock and the scion are tied in such a way that the cambium of the scion and the stock come in contact with each other. \n\u2022 The stock is so chosen that it possesses qualities like disease resistance, high water absorbing capacity, deep penetrating roots for a firm hold, etc. The scion is so chosen that it possesses qualities like high yield of pulp or seeds (as desired) from a single fruit, etc. \n\u2022 For example citrus-root stock is used for a variety of grafts like sweet orange, lime, grape, etc.<\/p>\n Question-15<\/span><\/strong> \nDefine the terms unisexual and bisexual giving examples of each.<\/strong> \nSolution:<\/strong> \nAn animal or an organism, which can be differentiated as male or female. \ni.e<\/strong>., The two sexes are present in separate individuals, then such an organism is said to be unisexual.For example, human beings, all mammals. An animal or an organism that possesses both the sexes in a single body is said to be a bisexual animal. For example, earthworm, starfish, etc.<\/p>\nQuestion-16<\/span><\/strong> \nMention the reproductive parts of a flower.<\/strong> \nSolution:<\/strong> \nThe reproductive parts of a flower are as follows \nMale reproductive part \u2013 Stamens \nFemale reproductive part \u2013 Pistil.<\/p>\nQuestion-17<\/span><\/strong> \nWhat is pollination? Describe cross-pollination.<\/strong> \nSolution:<\/strong> \nThe transfer of pollen grains from anther to stigma is called pollination. Pollen grains are shed from the anther and reach the stigma of either the same flower or a different flower. \nCross-pollination<\/strong> \nThe transfer of pollen grains from the anther of one flower to the stigma of another flower of the same species is termed as cross-pollination.<\/p>\nQuestion-18<\/span><\/strong> \nDescribe double fertilization in plants.<\/strong> \nSolution:<\/strong> \nIn the case of plants, the pollen grain releases two male gametes. One fuses with the egg and forms the zygote. The other male gamete fuses with the two polar nuclei. This fusion is said to be triple fusion. Thus, inside an embryo sac, two fusions, syngamy and triple fusion, take place. This mechanism of two fusions occurring in an embryo sac is called double <\/i>fertilization.<\/p>\n Question-19<\/span><\/strong> \nWhat are the male and the female gonads in the human beings? Mention their functions.<\/strong> \nSolution:<\/strong> \nTestes are the male gonads in human beings. Their functions are \n\u2022 To produce male hormones like testosterone. \n\u2022 To produce the male gamete \u2013 sperm. \nOvaries are the female gonads in human beings. Their functions are \n\u2022 To produce female hormones like estrogen and progesterone. \n\u2022 To produce the female gamete – ovum.<\/p>\nQuestion-20<\/span><\/strong> \nMention the secondary sexual characters in human males and females.<\/strong> \nSolution:<\/strong> \nThe male secondary sexual characters are the growth of hair on the chest, near the genitals, on the face in the form of beard and moustache, development of deep hoarse voice, etc. \nThe female secondary sexual characters are the development of breasts and mammary glands, axial and pubic hair, etc.<\/p>\nQuestion-21<\/span><\/strong> \nWrite names of one male and female sex hormones.<\/strong> \nSolution:<\/strong> \nThe names of one male and one female sex hormones are as follows \nMale sex hormone \u2013 testosterone \nFemale sex hormone – progesterone.<\/p>\nQuestion-22<\/span><\/strong> \nDescribe the menstrual cycle.<\/strong> \nSolution:<\/strong> \n\u2022 The commencement of menstruation at puberty is termed menarche and marks the beginning of the reproductive life of a female. \n\u2022 Initially, inside the ovary, an oogonium or an ovarian follicle is developed into a mature ovum and released into the fallopian tube. This is termed as ovulation. \n\u2022 After the release, the uterus and the fallopian tubes undergo changes like the thickening of the uterine wall, development of the endometrial lining, etc. to prepare the body for a probable pregnancy. \n\u2022 If fertilization does not occur, then the thickened inner wall of the uterus breaks down along with its blood vessels and moves out of the vagina in the form of bleeding, called menstrual flow (menstruation). \n\u2022 It lasts for about 4-7 days. \n\u2022 This cycle of events taking place in the ovaries and the uterus every 28 days and marked by the menstrual flow is known as the menstrual cycle. <\/i> \n\u2022 In a normal healthy woman, ovulation takes place around the 14th<\/sup> day and menstruation occurs every 28 to 30 days.<\/p>\nQuestion-23<\/span><\/strong> \nDifferentiate between menarche and menopause.<\/strong> \nSolution:<\/strong> \n\u2022 Menarche marks the beginning of the reproductive cycle of a female whereas menopause marks the end of the reproductive cycle. \n\u2022 Menarche generally takes place at puberty, i.e., at the age of 12-16 years while menopause takes place around the age of 45-50 years. \n\u2022 After menarche, there is an increased amount of production of female sex hormones whereas after menopause, the secretion of female sex hormones declines and sometimes completely stops. \nQuestion-24<\/span><\/strong> \nWhat is ovulation?<\/strong> \nSolution:<\/strong> \nThe ovarian follicles present inside the ovaries develop into mature follicles. Usually, one mature ovarian follicle develops into a mature ovum. It pinches off from the surface of the ovary and enters the fallopian tube. This process is termed as ovulation. Generally ovulation takes place in only one ovary at a time.<\/p>\nQuestion-25<\/span><\/strong> \nWrite whether the following statements are true or false. \n1. Fertilization is the fusion of the sperm and the ovum. \n2. Duration of menstrual cycle in human female is 20 days. \n3. Onset of menstruation is termed menopause. \n4. In human beings, male attains puberty little later than females.<\/strong> \nSolution:<\/strong> \n1. True \n2. False \n3. False \n4. True.<\/p>\nQuestion-26<\/span><\/strong> \nFertilization is possible if copulation has taken place during the middle of the menstrual cycle.Give reasons.<\/strong> \nSolution:<\/strong> \nDuring copulation, a large number of sperms enter the fallopian tube. If copulation takes place during the middle of the menstrual cycle, then fertilization is possible as at this time the ovum would have entered the fallopian tube from the ovary. If copulation takes place before ovulation then fertilization is not possible. Fertilization is marked by the absence of the regular menstrual flow.<\/p>\nQuestion-27<\/span><\/strong> \nMention the methods used for regulation of childbirth.<\/strong> \nSolution:<\/strong> \nA number of techniques are employed for the regulation of childbirth. They are classified as follows \nBarrier methods <\/strong>\u2013 Use of physical devices to prevent the entry of sperms inside the female genitals. They include: \n1. Condoms \n2. Diaphragms \n3. Cervical caps \n4. Intrauterine contraceptive devices (IUCD) like Copper-T. \nChemical methods <\/strong>– Use of specific drugs by females. \n1. Oral pills \u2013 Oral contraceptives of mainly hormonal preparations. \n2. Vaginal pills \nSurgical methods<\/strong> \u2013 \n1. Vasectomy \u2013 Removal or ligation of a small portion of the vas deferens in males. \n2. Tubectomy \u2013 Removal or ligation of a small portion of fallopian tube in females.<\/p>\nQuestion-28<\/span><\/strong> \nWrite the full forms of IUCD, AIDS, HIV, and OC.<\/strong> \nSolution:<\/strong> \nThe full forms for the above abbreviations are as follows \nIUCD<\/strong> \u2013 Intrauterine Contraceptive Devices \nAIDS<\/strong> \u2013 Acquired Immuno-Deficiency Syndrome \nHIV<\/strong> \u2013 Human Immuno Virus \nOC<\/strong> \u2013 Oral Contraceptives.<\/p>\nQuestion-29<\/span><\/strong> \nDescribe the surgical method of birth control.<\/strong> \nSolution:<\/strong> \nIn the surgical methods of birth control, a small portion of vas deferens in males and the fallopian tube in females is surgically removed or ligated (tied). This process is called Vasectomy in males and Tubectomy in females. As a result of this surgery, gametes cannot be released from the body (in males) and cannot enter the uterus (in females).<\/p>\nQuestion-30<\/span><\/strong> \nDefine sexually transmitted disease and give two examples.<\/strong> \nSolution:<\/strong> \nThere are certain infectious diseases that spread by sexual contact. Such diseases are called STDs (Sexually Transmitted Diseases). In most cases, the symptoms are burning sensation on urination and urethral discharge. Gonorrhea and Syphilis are the two examples for sexually transmitted diseases. These diseases are curable.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Extra Questions – How do Organisms Reproduce – CBSE Class 10 Science According to new CBSE Exam Pattern,\u00a0MCQ Questions for Class 10 Science pdf\u00a0Carries 20 Marks. Topics and Subtopics in\u00a0NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 8 How Do Organisms Reproduce?: Section Name Topic Name 8 How Do Organisms Reproduce? 8.1 Do Organisms Create Exact …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":27,"featured_media":160509,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"spay_email":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\n
Extra Questions - How do Organisms Reproduce - CBSE Class 10 Science - CBSE Labs<\/title>\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\t \n\t \n \n \n \n \n\t \n\t \n\t \n