** Answer is not given due to change in the present syllabus<\/p>\n
Section – A<\/strong><\/p>\n Question 1. Question 2. Question 3. Question 4. Question 5. Question 6. Question 7. Question 8. Question 9. Question 10. Question 11. Section – B<\/strong><\/p>\n Question 12. Advantages:<\/p>\n Question 13. (i) Role of Yamas and Niyamas : (ii) Yoga asanas : Deep and rhythmic breathing multipes the competence of the respiratory system. Further, oxygen-rich blood is supplied to every tissue of the body and this in turn helps the body to be healthy. All the above development helps in better healthy activities and healthy recreation there by preventing life-style diseases.<\/p>\n (iii) Pranayama increases lungs capacity : All the above development helps in healthy activities, healthy relationships, and healthy thoughts there by preventing lifestyle diseases<\/p>\n (iv) Role of Pratyahar, Dhrana, Dhyana : Question 14. (b) Symptoms of ODD are as follows :<\/p>\n Question 15. Causes of Osteoporosis are as follows :<\/p>\n OR Management of Anorexia<\/p>\n Question 16. Question 17. Question 18. Question 19. Section – C<\/strong><\/p>\n Question 20. Advantages of league Tournament:<\/p>\n Disadvantages of league Tournament:<\/p>\n British Method to Decide the Winner Formulae for deciding the winner in a league tournament by British Method is number of points secured divided by maximum point which can be secured whole multiplied by 100. Percentage scored by a team = (Number of points secured\/Maximum point which can be secured) 100<\/p>\n If there are 9 teams maximum points which can be scored by a team are 18 points (9 \u00d7 2) and the team which has secured 10 points will have a percentage score of (10\/18 ) 100 is equal to 55 percentage. The team which has higher percentage will be considered winner.<\/p>\n Question 21. Role of micro-nutrients in our diet : (ii) Proteins (iii) Fat Question 22. Knock Knee Corrective Measures for Knock Knee and Flat Foot<\/p>\n Following exercises can be performed as a remedy for Flat Foot deformity :<\/p>\n Following exercises can be performed as a remedy for Knock Knee deformity :<\/p>\n Question 23. Equipment required : Step or platform 20 inches \/ 50.8 cm high for men and 16 inches for women, stopwatch, and metronome or cadence tape. Things to be done before the test: Explain the test procedures to the subject. Perform screening of health risks and obtain informed consent. Prepare forms and record basic information such as age, height, body weight, gender, test conditions. Check step height and set metronome.<\/p>\n Procedure : The athlete steps up and down on the platform at a rate of 30 steps per minute (every two seconds) for 5 minutes or until exhaustion. Exhaustion is defined as when the athlete cannot maintain the stepping rate for 15 seconds. The athlete immediately sits down on completion of the test, and the total number of heart beats are counted between 1 to 1.5 minutes after finishing. This is the only measure required if using the short form of the test. If the long form of the test is being conducted, there is an additional heart rate measures at between 2 to 2.5 minutes, and between 3 to 3.5 minutes.<\/p>\n Scoring : The Fitness Index score is determined by the following equations : Question 24. Question 25. Question 26. Different Types of Coordinative ability Following are different types of coordinative abilities :<\/p>\n (i) Coupling Ability : Coupling ability to synchronize movements and direction efficiently and to let different parts to cooperate in order to achieve a desired and smooth movement. Coupling ability of the body is considered as capacity of an individual to perform better coordination of different parts of the body. For example, while dribbling a basketball, the coordination of both the limbs is required.<\/p>\n (ii) Reaction Ability : Reaction ability is a skill to react quickly to a stimulus. For example, chaser in Kho-Kho runs quickly after Kho is given.<\/p>\n (iii) Balance Ability : Balance ability is known as capability of an individual to maintain balance while the body is in motion. Even during distributed balance regaining the lost balance is known as balance ability.<\/p>\n (iv) Orientation Ability : The orientation ability is a skill to determine and change the position in complex situations. For example, defending an opponent in football, the position is changed according to the movement of opponent.<\/p>\n (v) Adaptation Ability: Adaptation ability is the capability of a person to change the movement on the basis of predicted changes. This ability is achieved after mastering the skills.<\/p>\n (vi) Rhythm Ability : Rhythm ability is to make out motor actions on a well-defined rhythm. Rhythm ability enables to grasp and express rhythm which is externally determined or contained in the motor activity itself.
\nWhat do you understand by ‘Planning in Sports’? [1]
\nAnswer:
\nAccording to Cambridge dictionary, Planning is the act of deciding how to do some\u00acthing. Planning in sports is the act of deciding activities or events or training schedules in an organized way so that the athlete or athletes achieve their aim in a particular time frame.<\/p>\n
\nWrite briefly about ‘Micronutrients’. [1]
\nOR
\nSuggest two reasons, why our body requires food-supplements.
\nAnswer:
\nMicronutrients are those nutrients which are needed only in minuscule or small amounts. They (Vitamins and Minerals) enable the body to produce enzymes, hormones and other substances essential for proper growth and development. Lack of it may cause a major threat to the health.
\nExample : Iodine deficiency may result in impaired cognitive development in children. Vitamin A deficiency results in night blindness, Iron deficiency results in anaemia.
\nOR
\nAnswer:
\nTwo Reasons for requirement of Food Supplement in the body are :<\/p>\n\n
\nMention any two disability ettiquettes. [1]
\nAnswer:
\nTwo Disability Ettiquette are :<\/p>\n\n
\nWhat do you mean by Intellectual Disability? [1]
\nAnswer:
\nIntellectual Disability is characterized by below-average intelligence or mental ability and a lack of skills necessary for day-to-day living. It involves problems with general mental abilities that affect functioning in two areas :<\/p>\n\n
\nWhich type of deformity is “Kyphosis”? [1]
\nOR
\nWhat is Motor Development ?
\nAnswer:
\nKyphosis is an excessive outward curvature of the spine, causing hunching of the back. In other words kyphosis is a deformity of the spine of the upper back causing an exaggerated outward curve.
\nOR
\nAnswer:
\nMotor development refers to the development of a child’s bones, muscles and ability to move around and use his or her environment. Motor development can be divided into two sections:
\ngross motor development and fine motor development.<\/p>\n\n
\nbody. These muscles allow us to sit, stand, walk and run, among other activities.<\/li>\n
\nAmong females, what type of Menstrual Dys-function is called Amenorrhea? [1]
\nAnswer:
\nAmenorrhea is when menstruation is absent during the reproductive years, between puberty and menopause.<\/p>\n\n
\nWhat do you mean by “Bulimia” ? [1]
\nOR
\nGive two objectives of Extramural activities.
\nAnswer:
\nIt is a life-threatening eating disorder. People with bulimia may be eat large amounts of food with a loss of control over the eating and then purge, trying to get rid of the extra calories in an unhealthy way. There is a fear of to puton weight.
\nOR
\nAnswer:
\nTwo Objectives of Extramural Activities are :<\/p>\n\n
\nWhich test will you suggest to measure general motor ability ? [1]
\nAnswer:
\nBarrow Motor test measures the general motor ability (speed, strength, coordination, power). In this test there are three item standing broad jump, zigzag run and medicine ball throw.<\/p>\n
\nOn the basis of physiological parameters, mention any two gender differences. [1]<\/p>\n
\nWhich type of sports injury is known as “Strain” ? [1]
\nOR
\nWhat do you mean by soft tissue injuries?
\nAnswer:
\nStrain is an injury to muscle or tendon. Tendons are fibrous cords of tissue that attach muscles to the bone. Strains often occur in foot, leg (typically the hamstring) or back.
\nOR
\nAnswer:
\nSoft-tissue injury includes damage of muscles, ligaments, and tendons. The result can be pain, swelling, bruising, and damage. Soft-tissue injuries are classified as the following :
\nContusions, Sprains, Tendonitis, Bursitis, Stress injuries, Strains.<\/p>\n
\nWhich method will you suggest to develop endurance? [1]
\nAnswer:
\nMethods to develop endurance are Interval Method, Repetition Method, Continuous method, Fartlek Method.<\/p>\n
\nExplain about the procedure and advantages of ‘Bhuj angasana’. [3]
\nAnswer:
\nThe meaning of Bhujang is cobra and asana means yoga pose. Bhujangasana is the stretching yoga exercise of the front torso and the spine. Bhujangasana is the final stage when the cobra is ready to attack its prey by raising its hood; hence the name is cobra pose.
\nProcedure :<\/p>\n\n
\n
\nWhat is the role of Yoga in preventing lifestyle diseases? [3]
\nDiscuss about meal intake guidelines for pre, during and post sports event. **
\nAnswer:
\nYoga places a great importance on a proper and healthy lifestyle whose main components are healthy activities, healthy relationships, healthy thoughts, healthy food, and healthy recreation. The holistic art and science of yoga is the best lifestyle ever designed and is effective in managing prevalent lifestyle disorders such as diabetes and hypertension.<\/p>\n
\nYama is for building interpersonal relationship and niyama is for developing self-discipline majorly through healthy relationships, healthy food, and healthy thoughts and this helps in developing the ability to face stress thereby preventing lifestyle diseases.<\/p>\n
\nIt works in the human body through tissues and muscles. Asana helps in removal of waste products and carbon dioxide, supply of oxygen, internal secretion of the endocrine glands and functioning of nerve-connections. Yoga asana creates a feeling of gentle massage to the digestive systems and makes abdominal muscles strong and elastic thereby our digestive system functions better.<\/p>\n
\nPranayama increases lungs capacity helps to perform endurance activity with ease. Pranayama provides relaxation. Relaxed mind helps to understand the situations of life better and also helps to keep oneself cool during demanding situation. It helps in removal of toxins like lactic acid from the muscles which helps in removing muscle soreness.<\/p>\n
\nHelps to concentrate. Improvement in concentration helps to get involved in the work meaningfully for longer duration. It helps to overcome stress. Dhama and Dhyana helps one to relax and face the situation boldly. This helps in developing healthy activities, healthy relationships, and healthy thoughts there by preventing lifestyle diseases.<\/p>\n
\nPawan got admission in class IX in a reputed school. All the students of his class welcomed him. After few days Aryaman, the class monitor observed that Pawan’s behaviour is different from other students. He is aggressive, rude and non-cooperative. He finds it difficult to make friends. Even in school, nobody wants to be his friends. Aryaman had read about ODD in a science magazine in the library, which was similar to Pawan’s behaviour. He discussed this situation with his classmates and suggested to interact and be friends with Pawan. This would help him to remain calm and happy.
\nAnswer the following questions based on the above passage :
\n(a) What do you mean by ODD?
\n(b) What are the symptoms of ODD?
\n(c) What values are shown by Aryaman? ** [3]
\nAnswer:
\n(a) Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) is a childhood disorder that is defined by a pattern of hostile, disobedient, and defiant behaviours directed at adults or other authority figures.<\/p>\n\n
\nWhat are the causes of Osteoporosis ? [3]
\nOR
\nWrite briefly about the prevention and management of “Anorexia”.
\nAnswer:
\nOsteoporosis causes bones to become weak and brittle, so brittle that a fall or even mild stresses such as bending over or coughing can cause a fracture.<\/p>\n\n
\nAnswer:
\nPrevention of Anorexia
\nPrevention is a term that can refer to either the elimination of factors causing eating disorders :<\/p>\n\n
\n
\nExplain the various factors affecting projectile trajectory. ** [3]<\/p>\n
\nExplain the various types of axes of rotation. [3]
\nAnswer:
\nAn axis is a straight line around which an object rotates. Movement at the joint takes place in a plane about an axis. There are three axis of rotation.<\/p>\n\n
\nWhat do you mean by coping strategies? Write briefly. ** [3]
\nOR
\nExplain the strategies for enchancing adherence to exercise.
\nAnswer:
\nGetting started and continuing an exercise program can be a challenging yet, rewarding undertaking. There is no clear ‘best strategy’ for increasing exercise adherence, rather following interventions should be considered a tool box of strategies that could be used in order to find a successful formula for different groups or individuals for the purpose of adhering to exercise:<\/p>\n\n
\nIt helps to have companion, social support and encouragement.<\/li>\n
\nStart by identifying activities that you enjoy. One is more likely to stick to a program if it is fun and convenient. Activity of one’s choice will pull one to continue practicing it.<\/li>\n
\nThe new challenge will prompt one to come back and learn challenge.<\/li>\n
\nPerforming same thing every day may be boring. Try different activities. This type of training will keep one away from becoming bored with exercise.<\/li>\n
\nGoals should be self-set, flexible, and time based. Setting realistic short-term goal will motivate one to do task and note ones progress toward goal.<\/li>\n
\nIt will act as a progress chart showing where one has reached are and how much one has to progress. Seeing one’s improvement motivates one work towards one goals.<\/li>\n
\nFix a time for exercise. As one sticks to routine, exercise will become a habit<\/li>\n
\nPlace posters and quotes to motivate while performing exercise.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
\nWrite briefly about the techniques of Stress management. [3]
\nAnswer:
\nStress induces bodily or mental tension. Techniques of stress management are as follows :<\/p>\n\n
\nWhat is league tournament? Draw a fixture of nine (9) teams on the basis of league tournament using cyclic method. Explain British method to declare the Winner. [5]
\nAnswer:
\nIn a league tournament, each team competes with every other team participating in the tournament. Winners are decided on the basis of the points acquired after all the competitions. For each win a team may be awarded 2 points, for draw 1 point and for a loss no point is awarded. Formulae to find the number of matches in a league tournament = n (n – 1)\/2, where n = number of teams participating in the tournament. The number of matches in a league tournament of 9 teams = 9 (9 -1)\/2 = 36 matches. In a single league tournament, every team competes with every other team participating in the tournament once. In a double league tournament, every team competes with every other team participating in the tournament twice.<\/p>\n\n
\n
\nEach match is not crucial. So, some matches may become boring for sopectators<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n![\"CBSE](\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.cbselabs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physical-Education-2019-Outside-Delhi-1.png?resize=816%2C165&ssl=1\")
\nNumber of Matches = N(N-1)\/2 = 9(9-1)\/2= 36
\nN = Number of teams<\/p>\n
\nIn British method to decide winner in a league tournament, team which wins secures 2 points and for a draw 1 point and for a loss a team gets zero points.<\/p>\n
\nExplain macro-nutrients and their role in our diet. [5]
\nAnswer:
\nMacronutrients are defined as chemical substances required in large amounts by the body for survival. The three macro-nutrients are protein, carbohydrates, and fats. The amounts of different macro-nutrients a person needs as well as the ratio of nutrients to each other varies by age, lifestyle (sedentary, active, or very active), gender, health status, and health goals.<\/p>\n\n\n
\n Types of Macronutrients<\/td>\n Calories per Macronutrient<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Carbohydrates<\/td>\n 4 calories per gram of carb\u00adohydrates<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Protein<\/td>\n 4 calories per gram of protein<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Fats<\/td>\n 9 calories per gram of fat<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\n(a) Carbohydrates include starches, sugars, and fiber.
\n(b) Body uses carbohydrates to fuel the body.
\n(c) Carbohydrates come in two forms complex and simple. Simple carbohydrates include sugars like table sugar and high fructose corn syrup, which have one or two sugar molecules (mono- and disaccharides). Honey and maple syrup contain simple sugars, as well as other nutrients. Complex carbohydrates are long chains of simple sugars stuck together, also called polysaccharides. They can be either starches or fiber (cellulose from plants). Foods like whole wheat pasta and white potatoes contain complex carbohydrates.
\n(d) Adults should get between 45-65% of their daily calories from carbohydrates.
\n(e) Humans don’t produce the enzymes necessary to digest fiber.
\n(f) Sources of Carbohydrates : The best carbohydrates are micro nutrients dense whole foods that contain sugar or starches along with fiber. Breads, cereals, pasta, rice, beans and peas, and starchy vegetables such as potatoes, green peas, corn honey, candy, soft drinks, and frosting or icing are sources of carbohydrates.<\/p>\n
\n(a) Protein is the building block responsible for the growth and maintenance of eyes, skin, hair, nails, organs, and muscle tissue.
\n(b) During digestion, protein is broken down into smaller chains called polypeptides and individual units called amino acids for absorption. Of the 22 amino acids that make up proteins, nine are called “essential” amino acids, which means that our bodies do not produce them and must get them from food. These include histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan and valine. Histidine is unique in that it is only required during infacy.
\n(c) Protein embeds themselves in cells to regulate what goes in and out. They even envelop and transport some molecules to other locations in the body.
\n(d) Enzymes that catalyze the various chemical reactions in the body are made of folded chains of amino acids.
\n(e) The body creates hormones like leptin, immune proteins like interferon and antibodies using amino acids.
\n(f) Sources of Protein
\nNuts, seeds, grains and vegetables, are called incomplete proteins because they do not contain all nine essential amino acids together, as meats, eggs and dairy products do. One won’t develop a protein deficiency on a plant-based diet as long as one eats a balanced died that combines plant foods with different amino acids.<\/p>\n
\n(a) Fat is the densest source of energy in the diet.
\n(b) In the body, fats make up cell membranes, steroids, cholesterol, and 60% of the brain.
\n(c) Fats support the absorption of fat soluble vitamins, cushion organs, and acts as largest form of energy storage.
\n(d) Fats should account for 25-35% of the daily calories.
\n(e) Dietary fats include saturated and unsaturated fats.
\n(f) Saturated fats tend to come from animal sources, while most plant fats are unsaturated. There are also important essential fatty acids, namely omega-3 and omega-6. As with essential amino acids, the term essential means that the human body cannot produce it and we must get these from our diet. There is also an unnatural type of fat known as trans fats. Trans fats are often described as poison. Trans fat raise “bad” LDL cholesterol and have no place in a healthy diet.
\n(g) Sources of Fat
\nNuts, seeds, avocados, olives, coconut, dark chocolate, grape seed oil, sunflower oil, walnut oil, sesame oil, coconut oils, meat are good source of fat.<\/p>\n
\nExplain ‘Flat Foot’ and ‘Knock Knees’ and also suggest corrective measures for both postural deformities. [5]
\nAnswer:
\n1. Flat Foot
\n![\"CBSE](\"https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/www.cbselabs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physical-Education-2019-Outside-Delhi-2.png?resize=369%2C184&ssl=1\")
\nFlat foot is one physical deformity on which the medial longitudinal and transverse arches of foot are depressed and medial border of foot comes in contact with ground. In other words, in this deformity the arch of the foot collapses, with the entire sole of the foot coming into complete or near-complete contact with the ground. Flat foot deformity can be diagnosed with a very simple test called as ‘Wet Foot test’. It creates problem in walking and running.’
\nCauses of knock knee are<\/p>\n\n
\nKnock-knee is a type of postural deformity. In this deformity, both the knees touch each other in normal standing position. It creates problem in walking and running. Causes of Knock Knee are :<\/p>\n\n
\n
\n
\nWrite in detail about AAPHER (American Alliance For Health, Physical Education and Recreation) Motor Fitness Test. ** [5]
\nOR
\nWhat do you know about Harvard Step Test? Explain its procedure and administration.
\nAnswer:
\nThe Harvard Step test is a test to test aerobic fitness :<\/p>\n
\nFitness Index (short form) = (100 \u00d7 test duration in seconds) divided by (5.5 \u00d7 pulse count between 1 and 1.5 minutes).
\nFitness Index (long form) = (100 \u00d7 test duration in seconds) divided by (2 \u00d7 sum of heart beats in the recovery periods).<\/p>\n\n\n
\n Rating<\/td>\n Fitness index (long form)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Excellent<\/td>\n >96<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Good<\/td>\n 83-96<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Average<\/td>\n 68-82<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Below average<\/td>\n 54-67<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Poor<\/td>\n <54<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\nWhat are the effects of exercise on Respiration System ? Write in detail. ** [5]<\/p>\n
\nWhat do you understand by fracture? How can fracture be classified? Explain. [5]
\nAnswer:
\nA bone fracture is a medical condition where the continuity of the bone is broken. A break in the bone that does not damage surrounding tissue or tear through the skin is known as a closed fracture. On the other hand, one that damages surrounding skin and penetrates the skin is known as a compound fracture or an open fracture.
\nClassification of Fracture:<\/p>\n\n
\nWhat do you understand by coordinative ability? Discuss about different types of coordinative abilities. [5]
\nOR
\nWrite in detail about strength improving methodisometric, Isotonic and Isokinetic.
\nAnswer:
\nCoordination is the ability to integrate separate motor systems with varying sensory modalities into efficient movements. The harmonious working together of the synchrony, rhythm, and sequencing aspect of one’s movements is crucial to coordinated movement. Various parts of the body may be involved, such as eye foot coordination, as in kicking a ball or walking upstairs. Eye-hand coordination is evident in fine motor activities such as bead stringing, tracing and clay modelling or in gross motor activities such as catching, striking or volleying a ball.<\/p>\n
\nOR
\nAnswer:
\n(i) Isometric:
\nThey are exercises in which muscular tension is built without any visible movement of muscle being used. Contraction during such an exercise is called isometric contraction. Work done during isometric exercise is zero. Isometric exercise is practiced by pushing or pulling an immovable object like a wall or bar anchored to the floor. Isometric exercise increases muscle tension significantly but fails to change the length of the muscles. Today, it is primarily used for rehabilitation purposes.
\nExamples:<\/p>\n\n