CBSE Syllabus for Class 11 Biotechnology
Course Structure
Units | Topics | Marks |
Unit – I | Biotechnology: An overview | 5 |
Unit – II | Molecules of Life | 20 |
Unit – III | Genes & Genomes | 20 |
Unit – IV | Cells and Organisms | 25 |
Practicals | 30 |
Unit-I: Biotechnology: An overview
Chapter 1: Introduction to Biotechnology
Historical Perspectives;Â Production Strategies in Biotechnology;Â Quality Control;Â Product Safety;Â Good Manufacturing Practices; Good Laboratory Practices;Â Intellectual Property;Â Public Perception;Â Global market;Â Biotechnology in India and Global Trends
Unit-II: Molecules of Life
Chapter 1: Biomolecules: Building Blocks
Building Blocks of Carbohydrates – Sugars and Their Derivatives;Â Building Blocks of Proteins – Amino Acids;Â Building Blocks of Lipids – Simple Fatty Acids, Sphingosine, Glycerol and Cholesterol;Â Building Blocks of Nucleic Acids – Nucleotides;Â Biochemical Transformations
Chapter 2: Macromolecules:Â Structure & Function
Carbohydrates – The Energy Givers;Â Proteins – The Performers;Â Enzymes – The Catalysts;Â Lipids and Biomembranes – The Barriers;Â Nucleic Acids – The Managers
Unit III:Â Genes & Genomes
Chapter 1:Â Gene Structure and Function
Cell Structure and Components;Â Tissues and Organs;Â Stem cells;Â Biodiversity;Â Organization of Life
Chapter 2:Â Genomes Organization & Function
Cell Division;Â Cell Cycle;Â Cell Communication;Â Movement;Â Nutrition;Â Gaseous Exchanges;Â Internal Transport;Â Maintaining the Internal Enviornment;Â Reproduction;Â In vitro Fertilization;Â Animal and Plant Development;Â Immune Response in Animals;Â Programmed Cell Death;Â Defense Mechanisms in Plants
Unit IV:Â Cells and Organisms
Chapter 1:Â Cells: The Basic Unit of Life
Historical Perspective;Â Multiple Alleles;Â Linkage and Crossing Over;Â Genetic Mapping;Â Gene Interaction;Â Sex-Linked Inheritance;Â Extranuclear Inheritance;Â Quantitative Inheritance;Â Genes at Population Level;Â Discovery of DNA as Genetic Material;Â Mutations;Â DNA Repair;Â Genetic Disorders
Chapter 2:Â Organisms: Structure & Dynamics
Genome Organization;Â DNA Replication;Â Fine Structure of Genes;Â From Gene to Protein;Â Transcription – The Basic Process;Â Genetic Code;Â Translation;Â Regulation of Gene Expression
Practicals
- Preparation of buffers and pH determination
- Sterlization techniques
- Preparation of bacterial growth medium
- Isolation of bacteria from curd and staining of bacteria
- Determination of bacterial growth curve
- Study of various stages of mitosis and calculation of mitotic index
- Preparation of karyotyping
- Cell counting
- Isolation of genomic DNA
- Detection of DNA by gel electrophoresis
- Isolation of milk protein (Casein)
- Estimation of protein by biuret method
- Assaying the enzyme acid phosphate