Category: English

NCERT Solutions For Class 7 English Honeycomb Trees (Poem)

Page No: 84

A Working with the Poem

Question 1:
What are the games or human activities which use trees, or in which trees also “participate’?
Solution :
Children use trees for their games. They make tree houses and play “hide and seek’ behind the trees. Trees play an important role also while adults are spending some time at leisure. Under the shade of the trees, they have their tea parties and they also become a befitting Subject matter for painting.

Question 2:

1. “Trees are to make no shade in winter.” What does this mean? (Contrast this line with the line immediately before it.)
2.  “Trees are for apples to grow on, or pears.” Do you agree that one purpose of a tree is to have fruit on it?
   (Or) Do you think this line is humorous?

Solution:

1. During summers, the trees provide cool shade. In winters, this shade is not required. So people stand under the open sun to enjoy its Warmth,
2. One purpose of the trees is to provide fruits like apples, pears and so on. This line is not humorous. Humans do rely on trees for food.

Question 3:
With the help of your partner, try to rewrite some lines in the poem, or add new ones of your own as in the following examples. Trees are for birds to build nests in. Trees are for people to sit under. Now try to compose a similar poem about Water, or air.
Solution:
Trees are for birds to build nests in. Trees are for people to sit under. Trees are for those leisurely hours to enjoy the beauty of nature, Trees are for the homemakers to beautify their house. Trees are for the sick ones to derive their medicine from. Trees are for everyone because to every person a tree has some gift to offer.

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1:
Who have tea parties under the trees?
Solution:
The adults enjoy having tea parties under the shade of the trees.

Question 2:
To what use a mother puts the trees?
Solution:
According to the poem, mothers love to capture the beauty of the trees on their Canvas.

Question 3:
What happens when the winds blow?
Solution:
When the winds blow through the trees, the leaves and branches move to and fro giving Cool breeze.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1:
Why do the fathers find trees useful?
Solution:
During the fall, gathering the scattered leaves from the ground, a lot of profit could be reaped. These leaves could be used as fuel or turned into manure and fertilisers. The fathers find this profitable as this aids their business.

Question 2:
Why the chopped down trees are called timber?
Solution:
The trees are chopped down so that their wood could be put to use. The logs and wood, timber, is used for carpentry and to make furniture. Even when the tree is chopped down, it is useful and profitable.

Question 3:
From the reading of the poem, evaluate the benefits of trees.
Solution:
The trees have various benefits. They Cater to the needs of all forms of life. Birds derive food and shelter from the trees and So do some of the animals. Birds use trees to build their nests. For human beings, too, trees are a major source of sustenance.
They get fruits, shade, timber, medicines and various other Such elements from the trees. Children love to play around the trees. For those, who have leisurely time, trees provide relief and also work as subjects that could be painted.

Extract Based Questions

Extract 1

Directions (Q. Nos. 1-6) Read the extract given below and answer the following questions.

Trees are for birds.
Trees are for children.
Trees are to make tree houses in.
Trees are to swing swings on.

Question 1:
Have you seen animals or birds making houses in trees?
Solution:
Yes, I have seen many animals making their houses, nests in trees. Female monkeys joyously sit on the branches, pluck peas, beans etc take out the nuts and feed their young ones. They feel a great content in doing so.

Question 2:
Give two example of trees that have a number of uses in everybody’s life.
Solution:
The two uses of trees are
(i) Sandalwood tree gives sandal that is Considered, Sacred in rituals, worships etc. It gives wood, timber etc. It provides shade to humans, animals and most importantly snakes. It gives fragrance.
(ii) Coconut tree gives a very juicy sweet fruit. Its coir is used to make ropes etc. We get timber from it.

Question 3:
Why do we make swings on trees?
Solution:
Swinging is an exercise that feels you with a great joy and energises you. Swinging on the branches of a tree is more interesting than any other swings, because it gives fresh air too.

Question 4:
How are trees useful for birds?
(a) To sit on
(b) To build nests on
(c) To hatch eggs
(d) All of these
Solution:
(d) All of these

Question 5:
What are advantages of trees for children?
(a) They use trees for furniture.
(b) They get money from trees.
(c) They speak their sorrows to trees.
(d) They can play around trees and get fruits, clothes, books from trees.
Solution:
(d) They can play around trees and get fruits, clothes, books from trees.

Question 6:
What should be done to save trees?
(a) Everyone should plant at least a tree every year.
(b) We should embrace trees when one wants to Cut them.
(c) We should light some bulbs near trees.
(d) We should love trees.
Solution:
(a) Everyone should plant at least a tree every year

Extract 2

Directions (Q. Nos. 1-6) Read the extract given below and answer the following questions.

Trees are for the wind to blow through.
Trees are to hide behind in Hide and Seek.’
Trees are to have tea parties under.
Trees are for kites to get caught in.
Trees are to make cool shade in summer.
Trees are to make no shade in winter.

Question 1:
How does a tree prove to be beneficial during Summers?
Solution:
Tree gives cool shade during summer.

Question 2:
Comment on the tone of the speaker when he says, “Trees are for no shade in winters.”
Solution:
The speaker in a humorous way notes that during winter, the shade of the tree is not needed. People enjoy the warmth of the Sun.

Question 3:
Use the word ‘shade’ in a sentence of your own.
Solution:
We were tired walking a long distance, so we decided to relax under the shade of the Sun.

Question 4:
Who reaps the benefits when the wind blows through the trees?
(a) Birds
(b) Passersby.
(c) Adults
(d) All of these
Solution:
(d) All of these

Question 5:
Who hides behind the trees in “Hide and Seek.”
(a) Birds
(b) Children
(c) Passersby
(d) All of these
Solution:
(b) Children

Question 6:
Who have tea parties under the shade of the trees?
(a) Birds
(b) Passersby.
(c) Adults
(d) All of these
Solution:
(c) Adults

NCERT SolutionsMathsScienceSocialEnglishSanskritHindiRD Sharma

NCERT Solutions for Class 7th English Chapter 7 The Invention of Vita Wonk

Comprehension Check

Question 1:
Choose the right answer.

1. Mr Willy Wonka is
   (a) a cook     (b) an inventor
   (c) a manager
2. Wonka-Vite makes people
   (a) older      (b) younger
3. Mr Wonka wants to invent a new thing which will make people
   (a) younger    (b) older

Solution:

1. (b) an inventor
2. (b) younger
3. (b) older

Question 2:
Can anyone’s age be a minus number? What does ‘minus 87’ mean?
Solution:
No, age cannot be in minus because we all start growing up from the moment we are born. ‘Minus 87’ means the man is 87 years back to his actual age.

Question 3:
Mr Wonka begins by asking himself two questions. What are they?

1. What is ………….?
2. What lives ………….?

Solution:

1. What is the oldest thing in the world?
2. What lives longer than anything else?

Working with the Text

Question 1:

1. What trees does Mr Wonka mention? Which tree does he say lives the longest?
2. How long does this tree live? Where can you find it?

Solution:

1. Mr Wonka mentions fir, oak, cedar and Bristlecone pine trees lives the longest.
2. Bristlecone pine lives for over 4000 years and one can find them upon the slopes of Wheeler Peak in Nevada, USA.

Question 2:
How many of the oldest living things can you remember from Mr Wonka’s list? (Don’t look back at the story!) Do you think all these things really exist, or are some of them purely imaginary?
Solution:
Mr Wonka has mentioned some very oldest things.
He said he had collected a pint a pint of sap from a 4000 years Bristlecone pine tree, toe-nail clippings from a 168 years old Russian Farmer, an egg laid by a 200 years old tortoise, the tail of 51 years old horse, whiskers of a 36 years old cat called Crumpets, a flea that lived on Crumpets for 36 years, tail of a 207 years old rat, the black teeth of a 97 years old Grimalkin and knucklebones of a 700 years old Cattaloo.
Very few of these things would have really existed, a majority of them are purely imaginary.

Question 3:
Why does Mr Wonka collect items from the oldest things? Do you think this is the right way to begin his invention?
Solution:
Mr Wonka wanted to create an item that will make people older so he collected items from the oldest things. This is in fact a foolish way to begin an invention.

Question 4:
What happens to the volunteer who swallows four drops of the new invention? What is the name of the invention?
Solution:
The Oompa-Loompa volunteers was 20 years old before swallowing the drops, he became 75 years old after it. The invention is name Vita-Wonk.

Working with Language

Question 1:
What do you call these insects in your language?

Add to this list the names of some insects in common in your area.
Solution:
Please write there Hindi names yourself. Beetle, Honeybee, Spider, Bee, Butterfly and Moth are some of the insects found in our area.

Question 2:
Fill in the blanks in the recipe given below with words from the box.

Easy Palakn Dal
INGREDIENTS

•  One …………
  • One cup dal
  • Two thin green chillies
  • ………….. a teaspoon red chilli powder.
  • Eight small bunches of palak
• Two ………….
  • Salt to taste

Wash and cut the vegetables;……….. the palak. Put everything in a pressure ……….. Let the cooker whistle ……….. three then switch it off. Fry a few cumin seeds in …………. and add to the palakn dal.
Solution:
INGREDIENTS

• One onion
• One cup dal
• Two thin green chillies
• Half a teaspoon red chilli powder
• Eight small bunch of palak
• Two tomatoes
• Salt to taste

Speaking

Question 1:
Using Do for Emphasis Charlie asks, “What did happen?”
This is a way of asking question “ What happened?” with emphasis.
Given below are a few emphatic utterances. Say them to your partner. Let your partner repeat your utterance without the emphasis. Your partner may also add something to show she/he disagrees with you.
YOU: I did study.
PARTNER: You studied I don’t believe Look at your MARKS!
YOU: I did go there.
PARTNER: You went there? Then……………..
YOU: I do play games.
PARTNER: …………..
YOU: He does read his books.
PARTNER: ………….
YOU: You do say the most unbelievable things!
PARTNER: …………..
YOU: The Earth does spin around.
PARTNER: ………….
YOU: We all do want you to come with us.
PARTNER: ………….
YOU: Who does know how to cook?
PARTNER: …………
YOU: I do believe that man is a theif.
PARTNER: ……………..
Solution:
YOU: I did study.
PARTNER: You studied I don’t believe you. Look at your marks!
YOU: I did go there.
PARTNER: You went there? Then how come I didn’t see you?
YOU: I do play games.
PARTNER: You play games? Then why don’t you take part in Sports Day?
YOU: He does reads his books.
PARTNER: I don’t think so, because he couldn’t answer my questions.
YOU: You do say the most unbelievable things!
PARTNER: What makes you think so?
YOU: The Earth does spin around.
PARTNER: It spins? Then why don’t I feel that?
YOU: We all do want you to come with us.
PARTNER: Is it? Then why no one invited me?
YOU: Who does know how to cook?
PARTNER: Not sure, but I don’t know.
YOU: I do believe that man is a theif.
PARTNER: It is hard to believe because he looks so innocent.

Writing

Question 1:

1. Make a list of the trees Mr Wonka
   mentions. Where do these trees grow? Try to find out from an encyclopaedia. Write a short paragraph about two or three of these trees.
2. Name some large trees commonly found in your area. Find out something about them (How old are they? Who planted them? Do birds eat their fruits), and write two or three sentences about each of them.

Solution:

1. Mr Wonka mentioned the name of the following trees
   (a) Douglas Fir   (b) Oak
   (c) Cedar              (d) Bristlecone Pine
   Douglas Fir is native tree of Western North America. Its scientific name is Pseudotsuga menziesii. It is also called Oregon pine or Douglas spruce. It is named in honour of David Douglas. He was a Scotish botanist and a collector and was the first one to report about the nature and potential of the species.
   Oak trees are native of Northern hemisphere and include deciduous and evergreen species.
   It is found in abundance in Northern America with over 90 species found in United States and 160 in Mexico. Oak wood has a wide application because of its resistance to fungal and insect attack.
   Cedar trees are found in abundance all across the world. Cedar woods have a wide application like used to make pencils. Australian red cedar is highly valued and is used for making furniture and shipbuilding.
   Bristlecone pine trees have some species that are more than 5000 year old and are the oldest known individuals of any species. The tree got its name from the prickles on the female cones. They are found in abundance in United States of America.
2. Some of the commonly found trees in our area include eucalyptus, mango, neem, pipal and banyan trees. Eucalyptus trees are very tall in structure. They have medicinal properties and are available in large number in our area.
   Mango trees are generally planted in houses for their use in religious purpose. It is also planted in large numbers for the fruit. Neem is found in houses as well as parks.
   They have medicinal properties and is widely scattered in all across sour area.
   Pipal and banyan trees are mostly found in temples. They are worshipped by Hindus. Some of these trees are over 100 years old.

Question 2:
Find out something interesting about age or growing old and write a paragraph about it. Following are a few topics as suggested as examples.

• The age profile of a country’s population- does it have more young people than old people or vice versa? What are the consequences of this?
• How can we tell how old a tree, a horse, or a rock is?
• What is the ‘life expectancy’ of various living things and various population (how long can they reasonably expect to live)?

Solution:
All living beings start ageing from the moment they are born. The best part with the process of growing old is that we are able to witness many changes. India is one of the most populous nations in the world. In India we have more of youth population than old people.
It increases the productivity and earning capacity in the society. We can guess the age of a tree by counting the rings in its trunk. The age of rock and horse can be identified by carbon dating process. Microorganisms have the shortest life cycle.
Insects too live a short life. Animals like elephant and tortoise live more than 100 years. Life expectancy of human is around 85 years.

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1:
According to Charlie, what lives the longest.
Solution:
According to Charlie a tree lives the longest.

Question 2:
Bristlecone pine trees live the longest. Whom did Mr Wonka asked Charlie to confirm his fact with?
Solution:
Mr Wonka asked Charlie to confirm this fact with any dendrochronologist.

Question 3:
What was unique about the Great Glass Elevator?
Solution:
Mr Wonka used to travel across the world in the Great Glass Elevator. ‘

Question 4:
Whose knucklebones were collected by Willy Wonka?
Solution:
Mr Willy Wonka collected the knucklebones of a 700 years old Grimalkin that lived in a cave on Mount Popocatepetl.

Question 5:
Where did the old flea collected by Mr Wonka live?
Solution:
The old flea used to live on Crumpets that was a 36 years old cat.

Question 6:
What was special about the Arabian horse?
Solution:
The Arabian horse lived for 5 years which is quite unusual for any normal horse.

Question 7:
Mr Wonka collected whose toe-nail?
Solution:
Mr Wonka collected the toe-nail clipping of a 168 years old Russian farmer called Petrovitch Gregorovitch.

Question 8:
How did Mr Wonka collected all those ancient items?
Solution:
Mr Wonka went all across the world in his Great Glass Elevator to collect all those ancient things.

Question 9:
Where did Mr Wonka carry on his experiments?
Solution:
Mr Wonka carried on his experiments in his Inventing room.

Question 10:
On whom did Mr Wonka tested the oily black liquid?
Solution:
Mr Wonka tested the oily black liquid over an Oompa-Loompa volunteer.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1:
What was the need for Mr Wonka to invent Vita-Wonk?
Solution:
Vita-Wonk had gone wrong. After taking it many people have grown younger to an extent that their ages have gone in minus. All such people have disappeared and will be back only after they spend all those minus years being invisible. To alter these changes Mr Wonka decided to invent a new drug which will help people to grow older.

Question 2:
Name five ancient things collected by Mr Wonka.
Solution:
Mr Wonka collected a pint of sap from a 4000 years old Bristlecone pine tree, whiskers of a 36 years old cat called Crumpets, an egg laid by a 200 years old tortoise that belonged to the King of Tonga.
He also collected tail of 207 years old rat from Tibet and tail of 51 years old horse in Arabia.

Question 3:
What happened to the Oompa-Loompa volunteer after taking the drops of Vita-Wonk?
Solution:
After taking drops of Vita-Wonk, the Oompa-Loompa volunteer began to wrinkle and shrivel. Its hair started falling.
Within no while the changes were visible and he became an old man who looked around 75 years old.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1:
Describe Mr Wonka.
Solution:
Mr Willy Wonka was a strange man. He used to make all strange inventions. He had a subordinate called Charlie. There was Oompa- Loompa volunteers on whom he used to carry out the testing of his inventions.
He had an Inventing Room where he carried out all such mysterious works.
He had earlier invented Wonka-Vite that had made people younger to an extent that their ages have gone into minus and they have become invisible.
He then invented Vita-Wonk after collecting ancient items from across the world which could help people grow older.

Question 2:
Describe the process of invention of Vita-Wonk.
Solution:
Mr Willy Wonka travelled across the globe in his Great Glass Elevator to collect items for Vita-Wonk. He collected samples from some of the oldest living creatures in the world. He mixed these items, boiled and bubbled them several times in his inventing room and then invented a one tiny cupful of an oily black liquid. He tested this on a 20 years old Oompa-Loompa volunteer and within minutes it turned into a 75 years old creature. This was how Vita-Wonk was discovered.

Extract Based Questions

Extract 1

Directions (Q. Nos. 1-6) Read the extract given below and answer the following questions.
“So once again I rolled up my sleeves and set to
work. Once again I squeezed my brain, searching
for the new recipe I had to create age… to make
people old….old…older, oldest…”Ha-ha!’ I cried for
now the ideas were beginning to come. ‘What is the
oldest living thing in the world? What lives longer
than anything else?”

Question 1:
Name the speaker in the above lines.
Solution:
Mr Willy Wonka is the speaker in the above lines.

Question 2:
Who is he talking to?
Solution:
He is talking to Charlie.

Question 3:
Why he needs to work?
Solution:
He needs to invent a new drug that could help people grow older and alter the changes done by Wonka-Vite.

Question 4:
What is the new recipe he is searching for?
(a) Recipe for Wonka-Vite
(b) Recipe for Vita-Wonk
(c) Recipe for chocolates
(d) None of the above
Solution:
(b) Recipe for Vita Wonk.

Question 5:
What is the oldest living thing in the world?
(a) Cedar                      (b) Oak
(c) Bristlecone Pine    (d) Fir
Solution:
(c) Bristlecone Pine

Question 6:
What lives longer than anything else?
(a) Cattaloo                                (b) Crumpets
(c) Petrovitch Gregorovitch    (d) Trees
Solution:
(d) Trees

Extract 2

Directions (Q. Nos. 7-12) Read the extract given below and answer the following questions.
“All over the world, Charlie,” Mr Wonka went on
“I tracked down very old and ancient animals and
took an important little bit of something from each
one of them—a hair or an eyebrow or sometimes it
was no more than an ounce or two of the jam scraped
from between its toes while it was sleeping. I tracked
down the whistle-pig, the Bobolink, the skrock, the
Pollyfrog, the Giant Curlicue, the Stinging Slug and
the Venomous Squerkle who can spit poison right
into your eye from fifty yards away. But there’s no
time to tell you about them all now, Charlie.

Question 1:
What is the quality of venomous squerkle that has been talked about in the passage?
Solution:
A venomous squerkle can spit poison right into on eye from 50 yards away.

Question 2:
What does Mr Wonka say that he has no time to tell about? To whom does he say this?
Solution:
Mr Wonka tells Charlie that he had observed and studied many of very old and ancient animals and collected some parts of their bodies. But he didn’t have time to tell in detail about his expedition.

Question 3:
How did he produce his magic liquid?
Solution:
He took some body parts of all very old animals and boiled them together. This is how he produced the magic liquid.

Question 4:
Where did Mr Wonka take the jam from?
(a) From the stings of venomous curlicue
(b) From the paws of whistle pig
(c) From between the toes of an animal when it was sleeping
(d) From the mouth of the animals when they were awaken.
Solution:
(c) From the between the toes of an animal when it was sleeping

Question 5:
Which parts of the animal body did Mr Wonka collect?
(a) Toes and fingers
(b)Tongue or sting
(c) A hair or an eyebrow
(d) An eye or an ear
Solution:
(b) Tongue or sting

Question 6:
Which of the following animals has not been mentioned by Mr Wonka?
(a) Giant curlicue
(b)A blue whale
(c) The bobolink
(d)The stinging slug
Solution:
(b) A blue whale

NCERT SolutionsMathsScienceSocialEnglishSanskritHindiRD Sharma

NCERT Solutions for Class 7th English Chapter 10 The Story of Cricket

Comprehension Checks

Question 1:
Cricket is originally a/an

1. Indian game.
2. British game.
3. International game.

Mark the right answer.
Solution:
2. a British game.

Question 2:
“There is a historical reason behind both these oddities.” In the preceding two paragraphs, find two words/phrases that mean the same as ‘oddities’.
Solution:

1. peculiarities
2. curious characteristic

Question 3:
How is a cricket bat different from a hockey stick?
Solution:
A cricket bat is thick and flat while a hockey stick is bent at the bottom.

Check

Question 1:
Write True or False against each of the following sentences.

1. India joined the world of Test cricket before independence.
2. The colonisers did nothing to encourage the Parsis in playing cricket.
3. Palwankar Baloo was India’s first Test captain.
4. Australia played its first Test against England as sovereign nation.

Solution:

1. True
2. True
3. False
4. False

Check

Question 1:
A ‘professional’ cricket player is one who makes a living by playing cricket. Find the opposite of ‘professional’ in the last paragraph.
Solution:
Amateur

Question 2:
In “the triumph of the one-day game”, ‘triumph’ means the one-day game’s

1. superiority to Test cricket
2. inferiority to Test cricket.
3. achievement or success over Test cricket.
4. popularity among viewers.

Mark the right answer.
Solution:
4. Popularity among viewers

Question 3:
“ the men for whom the world is a stage”.

1. It refers to the famous cricket fields in the world.
2. It means that there are many cricket playing countries in the world.
3. It implies that cricketers are like actors and every cricket ground is like a stage on which the drama of cricket is enacted the world over.

Mark the right answer.
Solution:
3. It implies that cricketers are like actors and every cricket ground is like a stage on which the drama of cricket is enacted the world over.

Working with the Text

Question 1:
Name some stick-and-ball games that you have witnessed or heard of.
Solution:
Hockey, Polo, squash, golf.

Question 2:
The Parsis were the first Indian community to take to cricket. Why?
Solution:
Parsis were in the close contact with the British because of their interest in trade. They were the first Indian community to westernise and went up taking up the game of cricket.

Question 3:
The rivalry between the Parsis and the Bombay Gymkhana had a happy ending for the former. What does ‘a happy ending’ refer to?
Solution:
‘Happy ending’ refers to the defeat of the Bombay Gymkhana by the Parsi club in a cricket match held in 1889.

Question 4:
Do you think cricket owes its present popularity to television? Justify your answer.
Solution:
Yes, cricket owes its popularity to television. It has expanded the audience of the game by taking cricket to villages and small town.
Children from these places now had the chance to learn the game seeing the international games and imitating their favourite cricketers.

Question 5:
Why has cricket a large viewership in India, not in China or Russia?
Solution:
Cricket is not played in communist countries like China and Russia so it has less viewership there. India is one of the oldest cricket playing nation which further adds to its large viewership in the country.

Question 6:
What do you understand by the game’s (cricket) ‘equipment’?
Solution:
The accessories like bat, ball, stumps and bells are the equipment used in playing the game. Pads, helmets and gloves are protective equipment used while playing cricket.

Question 7:
How is Test cricket a unique game in many ways?
Solution:
Test cricket is unique because it can go on for five days and still can end with a draw. No other game requires even half of this time to finish. A football match is played for 90 minutes.
Even nine innings of a baseball match gets over less than what it takes to finish a one-day match.

Question 8:
How is cricket different from other team games?
Solution:
Cricket is different from other team games because in cricket, the length of the pitch is mentioned as 22 yards however, the shape of the ground could be oval or circular. There is no specific measurement for the size of the ground as well.
It is the only game played for five days and can end without a specific result. Unlike cricket, many other popular games like hockey or football follows certain specification for grounds

Question 9:
How have advances in technology affected the game of cricket?
Solution:
Advancement in technology has been used in manufacturing protective equipment in cricket. The newly invented vulcanised rubber was used in pads and gloves. The helmets are made up of metal and lightweight synthetic materials.

Working with Language

Question 1:

• Word search
• Twelve words associated with cricket are hidden in this grid.
• Six can be found horizontally and remaining six vertically.”
• Two words have been found for you.

Clues to the hidden words are given below.
Solution:
Horizontal six deliveries, four runs, attacked while out of arena, no result, stumps, fielder to the off-side of the wicketkeeper.
Vertical stumps flying, back to the pavilion, a lofty one, mid-air mishap, not even one out of six, goes with bat.

Solution:
Horizontal Over, Wicket, Boundary, Slip, Stumped, Draw Vertical Six, Ball, Out, Maiden, Bowled, Caught

Question 2:
Add -ly to the italicised word in each sentence. Rewrite the sentence using the new word. See the examples first.

• He runs between wickets as if his legs were Stiff.
  He runs between wickets stiffly.
• Why did the batsman swing the hat in such a violent manner?
• Why did the batsman swing the bat so violently?

1. It is obvious that the work has not been done in a proper way.
2. He made the statement in a firm manner.
3. The job can be completed within a week in an easy way.
4. You did not play in a serious manner or else you would have won the match.
5. She recited the poem in a cheerful manner.

Solution:

1. properly
2. firmly
3. easily
4. seriously
5. cheerfully

Question 3:
Use the following phrases appropriately in place of the italicised words in the sentences given below.

1. Actually, I didn’t intend to come to your place. I reached here without planning.
2. Sunil, there’s a letter for you in today’s post. There’s one for me also.
3. Everybody thought I had composed the poem. The truth is my younger sister did it.
4. The doctor told the patient to make sure that he took his pills on time.
5. It will be better for us to plan our trip before setting out.

Solution:

1. by accident
2. as well
3. as a matter of fact
4. see to it
5. we had better

Speaking and Writing

Question 1:
Complete each of the following words using gh, ff or f.
Then say each word clearly after your teacher.
(i) e… …ort             (ii) …act
(iii) con… … ess    (iv) lau… … ing
(v) enou… …          (vi) hal…
(vii) scru… …         (viii) rou… …
(ix) sti… … ly         (x) di… …erence
(xi) sa… ety           (xii) …lush
Solution:
(i) effort           (vii) scruff
(ii) fact             (viii) rough
(iii) confess     (ix) stiffly
(iv) laughing   (x) difference
(v) enough      (xi) safety
(vi) half           (xii) flush

Question 2:
Write two paragraphs describing a bus ride to watch a cricket match in a village. Use the following points. Add some of your own.

• two hour journey by bus
• an old and crowded bus
• friendly passengers
• visit to a village fair where the match is to be played
• the match between two village teams
• makes shift stumps, rough pitch and a rubber ball.
• the match was enjoyable, but the trip was tiring.

Solution:
A cricket match was organised in Muzaffarnagar last week. I went to watch the match alongwith my friend. I live in Modinagar and Muzaffarnagar is two hours bus journey from my place. We caught a bus of Uttar Pradesh transportation from the bus depot near my place. It was an old and crowded bus. We didn’t get any seat and had to keep standing all through the journey. The passengers were mostly farmers from the nearby villages.
They were very simple and friendly. We were chatting with each other and cracking jokes. It was a long journey and the roads were very bad.
When we finally reached Muzaffarnagar, I felt relaxed. There was a large fair being organised at the place where the match was to be played. There was still time left for the match to begin so we decided to enjoy the fare. There were many stalls of food items and games at the fare and we had great fun.
The match started on its time. It was between two village teams. We were cheering for our team. There was a tough competition between both the teams and finally our village won the game.
The match was very exciting and enjoyable, but the long journey had made us tired. It was a very good day that left behind many sweet memories.

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1:
Name one cricket ground that is oval in shape.
Solution:
Adelaide Oval cricket ground is oval in shape.

Question 2:
Mention the year when the cricket rules were written for the first time
Solution:
Cricket rules were written for the first time in 1744.

Question 3:
State two changes that were seen in the game of cricket around 1780.
Solution:
By 1780, a Test match was played for average three days. It was also the period when the first six-seam cricket ball was created.

Question 4:
The game of cricket traces its origin from where?
Solution:
The game of cricket traces its origin from rural England.

Question 5:
Where and by which community cricket was initially played in India?
Solution:
Cricket was initially played in Bombay by the Parsi community.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1:
What are the changes the cricket bat has undergone with time?
Solution:
Initially the cricket bat was similar to the shape of hockey bat because the ball was bowled underarm. The bowlers then began to pitch the ball through the air rather than rolling it on ground. The curved bats were then replaced by the straight ones. Initially the bat was made by a single piece of wood. These days it consists of two pieces. The blade is made of willow wood while the handle is of cane.

Question 2:
CK Nayudu name is recorded in the history of cricket. What are. the reasons that make him a legend?
Solution:
CK Nayudu is revered because he was an outstanding batsman. He was one of the few initial Indian cricketers who got to play the test match cricket. Nayudu created history by becoming the first captain of the Indian Test team.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1:
During the 1760 and 1770s, it became common to pitch the ball through the air.
What changes it brought in to the game of cricket?
Solution:
Following the above mentioned trend, one immediate change was the replacement of the curved bats by the straight ones. The bowlers got the options of length, deception through air and increased pace because of this. It opened new possibilities for spin and swing bowling. In response
to tricks applied by the bowlers, the batsmen had to improve their timings and shot selection.

Question 2:
Explain elaborately India’s dominance in the world cricket today.
Solution:
India has the largest viewership for the game of cricket among all the test playing nations. It is also the largest market in the cricketing world. It has made the centre of gravity to shift towards South Asia from the country it originated.
The ICC headquarters too were shifted from London to Dubai where it is tax-free. The Indian cricket players are the best paid in the international cricket. They are famous and have got millions of supporters.

Extract Based Questions

Extract 1

Directions: (Q. Nos. 1-6) Read the extract given below and answer the following questions.
Cricket does not. Ground can be oval like the
Adelaide Oval or nearby circular like Chepauk in
Chennai. A six at the Melbourne Cricket ground
need to clear much more ground than it does at
Feroze Shah Kotla in Delhi.

Question 1:
What does the sentence ‘Cricket does not’ refers to?
Solution:
It refers that there is no specification in cricket for the size and the shape of the ground.

Question 2:
Explain the phrase ‘nearby circular’.
Solution:
It means that the Chepauk stadium in Chennai is not completely, but almost like the shape of a circle.

Question 3:
What are two shapes that a cricket ground can be of?
Solution:
A cricket ground can be almost oval or circular.

Question 4:
A six at the Melbourne Cricket ground need to clear much more ground than it does at Feroz Shah Kotla in Delhi. This means that
(a) Feroz Shah Kotla and Melbourne cricket ground are of same size.
(b) Melbourne cricket ground is larger than Feroz Shah Kotla
(c) Feroz Shah Kotla is larger than Melbourne cricket ground
(d) None of the above
Solution:
(b) Melbourne cricket ground is larger than Feroz Shah Kotla.

Question 5:
‘A six’ in the above lines mean
(a) a ball touching the boundary
(b) ball crossing the boundary without touching it
(c) four runs
(d) a boundary
Solution:
(b) ball crossing the boundary without touching it.

Question 6:
What is Chepauk?
(a) Cricket stadium
(b) Cricket ground
(c) An almost circular stadium
(d) All of the above
Solution:
(d) All of the above

Extract 2

Directions: (Q. Nos. 1-6) Read the extract given below and answer the following questions.
If you look at the game’s equipment, you can see
how cricket both changed with changing times and yet
fundamentally remained true to its origin in rural
England. Cricket’s most important tools are all made
up of natural, pre-industrial materials.

Question 1:
Mention one protective equipment used in the game of cricket.
Solution:
Helmet

Question 2:
Write one important tool used in the game of cricket.
Solution:
Bat

Question 3:
Name the materials through which the cricket’s important tools made up of.
Solution:
Cricket’s most important tools are made up of natural and pre-industrial materials.

Question 4:
What has its origin in rural England?
(a) Equipment used in the game of cricket
(b) Most important tool used in game of cricket
(c) Game of cricket
(d) None of the above
Solution:
(c) Game of cricket

Question 5:
Pre-industrial materials refer to
(a) synthetic materials
(b) natural products
(c) materials that have been in use before the industrial evolution
(d) vulcanised rubber
Solution:
(c) materials that have been in use before the industrial evolution

Question 6:
Find one word from the above lines that means ‘from beginning’
(a) Remained
(b) Pre-industrial
(c) Origin
(d) Rural
Solution:
(c) Origin

NCERT SolutionsMathsScienceSocialEnglishSanskritHindiRD Sharma

NCERT Solutions for Class 7th English Chapter 9 A Bicycle in Good Repair

Comprehension Check 

Question 1:
“I got up early, for me.” It implies that

1. he was an early riser.
2. he was a late riser.
3. he got up late that morning.

Solution:

3. he was a late riser.

Question 2:
The bicycle “goes easily enough in the morning and a little stiffly after lunch.” The remark is Mark your choice(s)

1. humorous
2. inaccurate
3. sarcastic
4. enjoyable
5. meaningless

Solution:

1. Humorous.

Question 3:
Find two or three sentences in the text which express the author’s disapproval of it.
Solution: 

1. “Don’t do that; you’ll hurt it.”
2.  “It doesn’t if you don’t wobble it.”
3. “Don’t you trouble about it any more; you will make yourself tired.”

Question 4:
“ …..if not, it would make a serious difference to the machine.” What does ‘if refer to?
Solution:
‘It’ refers to ball bearings.  Working with the Text

Working with the Text

Answer the following questions.
Question 1:
Did the front wheel really wobble? What is your opinion? Give a reason for your answer.
Solution:
The front wheel wobbled occasionally, but it didn’t require any attention. The bicycle was in good condition and the author was pleased with it.

 Question 2:
in what condition did the author find the bicycle when he returned from the tool shed?
Solution:
When the author returned from the tool shed his friend had taken out the front wheel of the bicycle. His friend was sitting on the ground with the wheel between his legs. He was playing with the wheel while the other part of the bicycle was lying on the gravel path beside him.

Question 3:
“Nothing is easier than taking off the gear-case.” Comment on or continue this sentence in the light of what actually happens.
Solution:
“Nothing is easier than taking off the gear-case but it is an impossible task to fix it back.” The author’s friend took out the gear-case easily, but he was having a nightmare in putting- it back to its place.

Question 4:
What special treatment did the chain receive?
Solution:
Author’s friend tightened it to an extent that it didn’t move at all. He then loosened it until it was twice as loose as it was before.

Question 5:
The friend has two qualities—he knows what he is doing and is absolutely sure it is good. Find the two phrases in the text which mean the same.
Solution: 

1. Cheery confidence
2. Inexplicable hopefulness

Question 6:
Describe ‘the fight’ between the man and the machine. Find the relevant sentences in the text and write them.
Solution:
The bicycle was in good condition, but the author’s friend unnecessarily disturbed it. He first took out front-wheel and then the gear-case, his next victim was the chain. He really had a tough time in fixing these parts back into their place.
Then he lost his temper and tried bullying the thing. The bicycle, I was glad to see, showed spirit and the subsequent proceedings degenerated into little else than a rough and tumble fight between them and the machine.One moment the bicycle would be on the gravel path and he on top of it; the next, the position would be reversed – he on the gravel path, the bicycle on him.
Now he would be standing flushed with victory, the bicycle firmly fixed between his legs. But his triumph would be short-lived. By a sudden, quick movement it would free itself and turning upon him, hit him sharply over the head with one of its handles.

Working with Language

Question 1:
Read the following sentences.

• We should go for a long bicycle ride.
• I ought to have been firm.
• We mustn’t lose any of them.
• I suggested that he should hold the fork and that I should handle the wheel.

The words in italics are modal auxiliaries. Modal auxiliaries are used with verbs to express notions such as possibility, permission, willingness, obligation, necessity etc. ‘Should,’ ‘must’ and ‘ought to’ generally express moral obligation, necessity and desirability.
Look at the following.

• We should go on a holiday, (suggestion: It is a good idea for us to go on a holiday.)
• He is no too well these days. He must see a doctor before he becomes worse, (compulsion or necessity: It is absolutely essential or necessary for him to see a doctor.)
• You ought to listen to me. I am well over a decade older than you. (more emphatic than ‘should’: Since I am older than you, it is advisable that you listen to me.)

Note: ‘Should’ and ‘ought to’ are often used interchangeably.
Rewrite each of the following sentences using should / ought to / must in place of the italicised words. Make other changes wherever necessary.

1. You are obliged to do your duty irrespective of consequences. ………………………..
2. You will do well to study at least for an hour every day. ……………………………….
3. The doctor says it is necessary for her to sleep eight hours every night. …………………………
4. It is right that you show respect towards elders and affection towards youngsters. ………………………….
5. If you want to stay healthy, exercise regularly. ………………………….
6. It is good for you to take a walk, every morning. ……………………………
7. It is strongly advised that you don’t stand on your head. ……………………….
8. As he has a cold, it is better for him to go to bed. ……………………….

Solution:

1. You must do your duty irrespective of consequences
2. You should study at least for an hour every day.
3. The doctor says she must sleep eight hours every night.
4. You ought to show respect towards elders and affection towards youngsters.
5. To stay healthy, you must exercise regularly.
6. You should take a walk, every morning.
7. You must not stand on your head.
8. As he has a cold, he should to go to bed.

Question 2:
Use should/must/ought to appropriately in the following sentences.

1. People who live in glass houses ……………….. not throw stones.
2. You …………………. wipe your feet before coming into the house, especially during the rains.
3. You ……………. do what the teacher tells you.
4. The pupils were told that they …………….. write more neatly.
5. Sign in front of a park; You …………….. not walk n the grass.
6. You ……………… be ashamed of yourself having made such a remark.
7. He left home at 9 o’clock. He ………………. be here any minute.
8. “Whatever happened to the chocolate cake?” “How ……………. I know? I have just arrived.”

Solution:

1. should
2. must
3. must
4. should
5. must
6. ought to
7. should
8. should

Question 3:
Two or more single sentences can be combined to form a single sentence.
Read the following.
I made an effort and was pleased with myself. This sentence is in fact a combination of two sentences.

• I made an effort.
• I was pleased with myself.
  Now read this sentence.
  I did not see why he should shake it.
  This is also a combination of two sentences.
• I did not see (it).
• Why should he shake it?

Divide each of the following sentences into its parts. Write meaningful parts. If necessary, supply a word or two to make each part meaningful.

1. I went to the tool shed to see what I could find. (3 parts)
2. When I came back he was sitting on the ground. (2 parts)
3. We may as welt see what’s the matter with it, now it is out. (3 parts)
4. He said he hoped we had got them all. (3 parts)
5. I had to confess he was right. (2 parts)

Solution:

1. I went to the tool shed.
   I went to see
   What could I find?
2. I came back.
   He was sitting on the ground
3. We may as well see.
   What is the matter with it?
   Now, it is out.
4. He said.
   He hoped.
   We had got them all.
5. I had to confess.
   He was right.

Question 4:
‘en’ acts as a prefix (put at the beginning) or as a suffix (put at the end) to form new words.
en + courage = encourage
weak + en = weaken
‘en’ at the beginning or at the end of a word is not always a prefix or a suffix.
It is then an integral part of the word ending, barren
(i) Now arrange the words given in the box under the three headings – prefix, suffix and part of the word.

Solution:

(ii) Find new words in your textbook and put them under the same headings
Solution:

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1:
Where did the author planned to do alongwith his friend?
Solution:
The author and his friend planned to go for ride on his bicycle.

Question 2:
Who the author called the right person to shake the bicycle?
Solution:
The author called himself the right person to shake his bicycle.

Question 3:
Which was the toughest part of the bicycle that the author’s friend found the toughest to fix?
Solution:
It was the gear-case that gave the author’s friend the most trouble.

Question 4:
How the author and his friend spent the entire day?
Solution:
The author’s friend dismantled the bicycle parts one-by-one for the entire day and then he spent the entire day fixing them at their place.

Question 5:
Was it right for the author’s friend to dismantle the bicycle?
Solution:
The author’s bicycle was in a perfect state there was no use of dismantling its parts by his friend.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1:
How did the author said to encourage his friend to fix the gear-case?
Solution:
The author said that it was fascinating to observe his friend working on the bicycle. He called his confidence as cheery and the hopefulness as inexplicable. His friend found these words to be encouraging and started re-fixing the gear-case.

Question 2:
What happened to the ball bearings?
Solution:
Author’s friend unscrewed the ball bearings without informing him. They started rolling on the ground and then they might have lost some of it there. Then the author kept them in his hat which was later blown away by the wind because of which they again lost five of those bearings.

Question 3:
What was the state of the author’s friend at the last?
Solution:
The author’s friend was completely tired because of his struggle with the bicycle. He was soiled with oil and dirt. He found fixing the parts of the bicycle extremely tough and somehow got those parts in place. He called it quits finally claiming that this is enough.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1:
The author didn’t go for the bicycle ride he had planned with his friend why?
Solution:
The author and his friend had planned to go for a ride on the bicycle, but the two couldn’t make it. His friend dismantled all the parts of the bicycle one-by-one. He first took out the front wheel and then the ball bearing from it. The chain was his next victim before he finally moved on to the gear-case. It took his friend the entire day to fix these parts back into their place and then he finally left for his home.

Question 2:
Author’s friend had taken out the parts of the bicycle easily, but he really had tough time fixing them Explain this with suitable example.
Solution:
The author’s friend has taken out the ball bearings from the front wheel without any alarm. He then started fixing the front wheel only to realise latter that he had not put those bearings back into their place. He then moved to the chain.
He first tightened it to an extent that it wasn’t moving and loosened twice its earlier state. The gear-case was the most complicated one. He took it easily, but a tough time fixing it back.

Value Based Questions

Question 1:
We should not mess up with things that belong to others. Elaborate.
Solution:
We should treat things that belongs to others with utmostcare. We should treat them even more cautiously than we would have treated our things.
There are many things around us that we consider dear to us. Similarly people are also emotional about their things and we must respect their feelings.
Treating other’s thing’s callously will make them lose their trust on us and they might not lend their things to us again. We should take uttermost care while handling things belonging to others and must return them at once when our job is done.

Question 2:
Friendship is a great relation. We all must treasure our friends. Explain.
Solution:
It is great to have friends in life. They add colours to our life. There are many things which we cannot share with our family, but can share with our friends easily.
Our friends help us in our time of need and stand beside us during our thick and thin. We trust them and can rely on them in times of need. We must be helpful and understanding towards our friend and must always be available to render our help to them.

Extract Based Questions

Extract 1

Directions (Q. Nos. 1-6) Read the extract given below and answer the following questions.
“Catch ’em!” he shouted; “catch ’em! We mustn’t
lose any of them.” He was quite excited about them.
We groveled round for half an hour and found sixteen.
He said he hoped we had got them all, because, if
not, it would make a serious difference to the machine.
I had put them in safety in my hat. It
was not a sensible thing to do I admit.

Question 1:
Who has been referred as ‘he’ in the above lines?
Solution:
The author’s friend has been referred as ‘he’ in the above lines.

Question 2:
What were they looking for?
Solution:
They were looking for the ball bearings.

Question 3:
… it would make a serious difference to the machine. What has been referred to as ‘machine’ in these lines?
Solution:
Author’s bicycle has been referred as machine in the above lines.

Question 4:
“Catch ’em!” he shouted; “catch ‘em! Just before this the author’s friend
(a) had unscrewed the ball bearings.
(b) had tightened the chain.
(c) had taken out the gear-case.
(d) had taken out the front wheel.
Solution:
(a) had unscrewed the ball bearings.

Question 5:
Find one word from the given lines which is antonym of ‘bored’.
(a) Hopped
(b) Groveled
(c) Thrilled
(d) Excited
Solution:
(d) Excited

Question 6:
Why it wasn’t a sensible decision to keep it in the hat?
(a) The hat had holes.
(b) The author wanted to wear the hat.
(c) They got lost in the hat.
(d) The hat was blown away by the wind and some of ball bearings were lost.
Solution:
(d) The hat was blown away by the wind and some of ball bearings were lost.

Extract 2

Directions (Q. Nos. 1-6) Read the extract given below and answer the following questions.
He said, “This is dangerous; have you got a hammer?” I
ought to have been firm, but I thought that perhaps he
really did know something about the business. I went to
the tool shed to see what I could find. When I came back
he was sitting on the ground front wheel between his legs.

Question 1:
What has been referred to as dangerous in the given lines?
Solution:
The wobbling of the front wheel has been described as dangerous in the given lines.

Question 2:
Who has been referred as ‘he’ in the given lines?
Solution:
Author’s friend has been referred as ‘he’ in the given lines.

Question 3:
What the person intended to do with the hammer?
Solution:
He wanted to repair the wobbling of the front wheel with the hammer.

Question 4:
The author should have been firm about
(a) not allowing his friend to touch his bicycle
(b) not going to the tool shed
(c) going for the ride on bicycle
(d) the opinion of his friend about the bicycle
Solution:
(a) not allowing his friend to touch his bicycle.

Question 5:
Find out one word from the given lines that is synonym of the word ‘possibly’.
(a) Mostly       (b) Definitely
(c) Certainly   (d) Perhaps
Solution:
(d) Perhaps

Question 6:
What was the author’s friend doing with the front wheel?
(a) He was trying to check the problem in it
(b) He was trying to fix it in its positions
(c) He was playing with it
(d) He was taking a nap keeping the front wheel in that position.
Solution:
(c) He was playing with it.

NCERT SolutionsMathsScienceSocialEnglishSanskritHindiRD Sharma

NCERT Solutions for Class 7th English Chapter 8 Fire Friend and Foe

Comprehension Check

Question 1:
Mark the correct answer in each of the following.

1. Early mart was frightened of
   (a) lightening and volcanoes.
   (b) the damage caused by them.
   (c) fire.
2. (a) Fire is energy.
   (b) Fire is heat and light.
   (c) Fire is the result of chemical reaction.

Solution:

1. (c) fire
2. (c) Fire is the result of chemical reaction

Question 2:
From the boxes given below choose the one with the correct order of the following sentences.
(i) That is fire.
(ii) A chemical reaction takes place.
(iii) Energy in the form of heat and light is released. .
(iv) Oxygen combines with carbon and hydrogen.
(i)    (ii) (iii) (iv)               (ii)  (iii) (i) (iv)
(iii)  (iii) (ii) (i)                (iv)  (ii) (iii) (i)

Solution:
(iv) (ii) (iii) (i)

Working with the Text

Answer the following questions.
Question 1:
What do you understand by the ‘flash point’ of a fuel?
Solution:
Every fuel catches fire at a particular temperature. This temperature is called the ‘flash point’ of a fuel.

Question 2:

1. What are some common uses of fire?
2. In what sense is it a ‘bad master’?

Solution:

1. Fire is used in cooking, to keep our homes warm during winter. Fire is also used to produce electricity.
2. If fire goes out of control, it can cause damage to our life, house and property. It is ‘bad master’ in this sense.

Question 3:
Match items in Column A with those in Column B.

Solution:

Question 4:
What are the three main ways in which a fire can be controlled or put out?
Solution:
Fire can be put out by taking away the fuel, stopping the supply of oxygen or by lowering down the temperature around the fuel, so that the fuel is not able to attain its flash point.

Question 5:

Solution:

Working with Language

Question 1:
Read the following sentences.
To burn paper or a piece of wood, we heat it before it catches fire. We generally do it with a lighted match. Every fuel has a particular temperature at which it burns.
The verbs in italics are in the simple present tense. When we use it, we are not thinking only about the present. We use it to say that something happens all the time or repeatedly or that something is true in general.
Find ten examples of verbs in the simple present tense in the text ‘Fire: Friend and Foe’ and write them down here. Do not include any passive verbs.
Solution:

1. Fire is the result of a chemical reaction.
2. This is what we call fire.
3. To burn a piece of paper or wood, we heat it before it catches fire.
4. Oxygen comes from the air.
5. It is sometimes said that fire is a good servant, but a bad master.
6. The third way to putting out a fire is to remove heat.
7. We spend millions of rupees each year in fighting fire.
8. It absorbs heat from burning fuel.
9. It only means that fire is very useful.
   Fire is still worshipped in many parts of the world.

Question 2:
Fill in the blanks in the sentences below with words from the box. You may use a word more than once.

1. Gandhiji’s life was devoted to the ……………. of justice and fair play.
2. Have you inspired your house against …………..?
3. Diamond is nothing, but ………….. in its purest form.
4. If you put too much coal on the fire at once you will ………. it.
5. Smoking is said to be the main ………… of heart disease.
6. When asked by an ambitious writer whether he should put some ……….. into his stories. Somerset
   Maugham murmured, “No, the other way round”.
7. She is ……………. a copy of her mother.
8. It is often difficult to ……………. a yawn when you listen to a long speech on the value of time.

Solution:

1. cause
2. fire
3. carbon
4.  smother
5. cause
6. fire
7. carbon

Question 3:
One word is italicised in each sentence. Find its opposite in the box and fill in the blanks.

1. You were required to keep all the doors open, not ……………
2. Pupil: What mark did I get in yesterday’s Maths test?
   Teacher: You got what when you add five and ……………… five and ten from the total?
3. Run four kilometers a day to preserve your health. Run a lot more to ……………..  it.
4. If a doctor advises a lean and lanky patient to …………… reduce his weight further, be sure he is doing it to his income.
5. The world is too much with us; late and soon.
   Getting and ………….. we lay waste our powers.              -WORDSWORTH

Solution:

1. shut
2. subtract
3. destroy
4. increase
5. spending

Question 4:
Use the words given in the box to fill in the blanks in the sentences below.

1. The cat chased the mouse …………… the lawn.
2. We were not allowed to cross the frontier.
   So, we drove …………. it as far as we could and came back happy.
3. The horse went ………..  the winning post and had to be stopped with difficulty.
4.  It is not difficult to see ………….. your plan. Anyone can see your motive.
5. Go ……………. the yellow line, then turn left. You will reach the post office in five minutes.

Solution:

1. across
2. along
3. past
4. through
5. along

Speaking and Writing

Question 1:
Look at the following three units. First re-order ( the items in each unit to make a meaningful sentence. Next, re-order the sentences to make a meaningful paragraph. Use correct punctuation marks in the paragraph.

1. and eighteen fire tenders struggled/the fire began on Monday/ to douse the blaze till morning
2. in a major fire/ over 25 shops/ were gutted
3. but property/was destroyed/worth several lakhs/no causalities were reported.

Solution:

1. The fire began on Monday and eighteen fire tenders struggled to douse the blaze till morning.
2. Over 25 shops were gutted in a major fire.
3. No causalities were reported, but properties worth several lakhs were destroyed.

Question 2:

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1:
Why the early man was afraid of fire?
Solution:
The early man might have seen volcanoes or lightning before he started using fire and was hence knew it was dangerous and powerful. So, he was scared of fire.

Question 2:
Give some examples of fuel.
Solution:
Wood, coal, cooking gas and petrol are examples of fuel.

Question 3:
Why a newspaper or stick lying in the open does not catch fire on its own?
Solution:
A fuel in presence of oxygen alone can’t start burning. Heat is required for a fuel to catch fire. That is the reason why a newspaper or stick lying in the open doesn’t catches fire.

Question 4:
Why gaps are left between buildings during construction?
Solution:
Gaps are left-between building during construction to reduce the risk of fire.

Question 5:
How the discovery of fire has helped the mankind?
Solution:
Discovery of fire has helped the early man to cope with nature. It also helped them adopt a settle mode of life.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1:
How fire is a good servant?
Solution:
Fire is a good servant. When kept under control fire helps us do many things. In most of our home we cook our food on fire.
We use fire to keep us warm during extreme winter. It is also used in generating electricity.

Question 2:
Before fire brigades were set out, how people tried to put out fire.
Solution:
Before the fire brigade came into the picture people used to extinguish fire forming human chain. Everyone was a fireman in that scenario.
People used to pass buckets filled with water from a pond or well through each other and the person at the extreme end used to pour it over the flames.

Question 3:
How have we learnt to control fire?
Solution:
Every year we spend millions of rupees for fighting fires. We spend even large sum of money to find out ways to prevent fire from happening and going out of control. In the process we have learnt to control fire and use it for our betterment.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1:
Explain with an example how can you put out fire by cutting the supply of oxygen.
Solution:
Oxygen is one of the three elements essential for causing fire. If we can disrupt the supply of oxygen then we can put of the fire.
This can be applied in case of small fires. If we throw a damp blanket or a sack over the fire, it cuts off the supply of oxygen and the fire is immediately put off.

Question 2:
Why we cannot use water to put out some fires?
Solution:
We cannot use water in case of oil and electric fires. Oil floats over water and thus oil fires cannot be extinguished using water.
Water flows on and it has the risk of spreading the fire along. In case of electric fires water cannot be used as an extinguisher. It being a good conductor of electricity, puts the life of the man spraying it in danger.

Extract Based Questions

Extract 1

Directions (Q. Nos. 1-6) Read the extract given below and answer the following questions.
Some fire cannot be put out with water. If water is
sprayed onto an oil fire, the oil will float to the top
of the water and continue to burn. This can be very
dangerous because water can flow quickly, carrying
the burning oil with it and spreading the fire.

Question 1:
What is oil fire?
Solution:
A fire caused because of inflammable oils like petroleum, kerosene, diesel etc is called oil fire.

Question 2:
Name two kinds of fire that cannot be extinguished using water.
Solution:
Oil fire and electric fire cannot be extinguished using water.

Question 3:
Why water cannot be used to put out on oil fire?
Solution:
Oil being lighter than water floats over it, so water cannot be used to extinguish oil fires. Moreover, as the water spreads it carries along the oil with which in turn extends the fire.

Question 4:
Water cannot extinguish oil fire, but
(a) controls it
(b) spreads it
(c) has not impact on it
(d) None of these
Solution:
(b) spreads it

Question 5:
Find one word from the given lines that is antonym of ‘slow’.
(a) Spray
(b) Dangerous
(c) Rapid
(d) Quick
Solution:
(d) Quick

Question 6:
What can be used to control oil fires?
(a) Carbon extinguishers
(b) Damp blanket
(c) Sand
(d) All of the above
Solution:
(d) All of the above

Extract 2

Directions (Q. Nos. 1-6) Read the extract given below and answer the following questions.
The second way of putting the ……………….. burning material. The third way of putting out a fire is to remove the heat.

Question 1:
How can small fires be put out?
Solution:
Small fires can be put out using a damp blanket or a sack, since it shops oxygen from reaching the burning material.

Question 2:
What prevents oxygen to reach the burning material?
(a) Nitrogen
(b) Carbon dioxide
(c) Water
(d) Heat
Solution:
(b) Carbon dioxide

Question 3:
What is the third way of putting out a fire?
Solution:
The third way of putting out a fire is to remove the heat.

Question 4:
What is the method of extinguishing fire mentioned in the above extract?
(a) Removing the heat
(b) Spraying water
(c) Removing the fuel
(d) Removing the supply of oxygen
Solution:
(d) Removing the supply of oxygen

Question 5:
Which word in the above extract means ‘stop burning’?
Solution:
Extinguish

Question 6:
Which word in the above extract is a synonym of ‘moist’?
Solution:
Damp

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